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RUTISHAUSER Directeur de la

Dalam dokumen Pollution - by The Pulp and Paper Industry (Halaman 149-200)

147

SWITZERLAND

UNITED KINGDOM

Mr.K. GEIGER Papierfabrik CH-6330 Cham

Cham A.G M. Edwin MULLER

Office federal de la protection de 1 ' environnement

Departement federal de I'Interieur 3003 Berne

M. RUTISHAUSER

~ 148

UNITED STATES ( C o n t . )

E u ro p e a n

C o m m u n i t i e s

Mr. G . W E B S T E R

Effluent Guidelines Division Office of Air and Water Programs EnvironDontal Protection Agency Washington. D.C. 20460

M . MA N D L

Direction Generale des Affaires Industrielles, Technologiques et Scientifiques

200 rue de la Loi 1040 Bruscelles Belgium

Observer

F.A.O M. J.C. EASTON

Forest Industries and Trade Division Via delle Terrne di Caracalla

00100 - Rome Italy

OECD Consultants Mr. J. KOLJONEN Helsinki, Finland Mr. J. SIKES

Vancouver, Canada OECD Secretariat

Environment Directorate Mr. C.A. COCHRANE Mr. P. LIEBEM Mr. U. LUUKKO Industry and Energy

Directorate

Mine R. FAUVEL

- 149 -

A N N E X

1

I H

- ANNEX TABLES

Annex I Semichemical Pulp (including integrated paper production) Annex II Sulphite Pulp (including

dissolving grades)

Annex IIIa - Non-integrated Sulphate Pulp Annex IIIb - Integrated Sulphate Pulp and

Paper or Board.

Annex Annex Annex Annex

IV V VI VII

Appendix

Newsprint (including mechanical pulp) - Other Paper and Board

- Fibre Building Board - Summary Tables

- Latest American pollution control cost data for 1980

INTRODUCTION

The tables contained in Annexes I to VII include almost all of the basic technical and economic information gathered during the life of the ad hoc Group. It is recognised that the wealth of information cannot be analysed in its entirety by the Group, nor is such an exercise within the terms of reference of the Group. The tables are presented, however, in a manner that they may be used for more complete analysis at a later date. It is stressed that caution

should be used in the interpretation of figures in the tables, particularly in the case of projected situations.

The degree of confidence of stated figures varies between countries and the basis for calculated projections may not be identical between countries, although every effort has been made to minimise inconsistencies.

The first tables in each Annex refer to 9

(i) number of mills in the category, total production in 1970 and projected production for 1975 and 1980.

In addition, the average size of the 1970 mills is calculated ; whilst this figure may not be strictly accurate on account of integrated mills, it does give an indication of the relative size of the mills between countries,

(ii) number of spent liquor burning plants for semi-chemical and sulphite mills in 1970 and projected for 1975 and 1980 for those mills which were operating in 1970

(Annex I and II only).

iii) number of primary and secondary treatment plants in each country in 1970, and projected figures for 1975 and 1980, for only those mills which were operating in 1970. It was assumed that all mills with secondary treatment would also have primary treatment. Those primary treatment plants which included chemical coagulation facilities to enhance the treatment are classified as primary treatment plants.

(iv) average characteristics of the effluents, for water use, suspended solids and BOD. For those types of production which include bleaching facilities, the

characteristics of both the bleached and unbleached effluents are given.

(v) equivalent make-up and washing loss of sodium sulphate - saltcake or Na2S04 - (Annex IIIa and IIIb only).

3. There follow three tables each for suspended solids and BOD designed to calculate the total respective discharge in 1970 and to project it for 1975 and 1980 ;

(i) the first of these three tables refers only to those mills operating in 1970 and their 1970

production. The 1970 discharge is first calculated multiplying the production by the unit waste load as obtained form the previous tables on waste characteristics (in the case of bleaching plants, a weighted average is used to determine the average waste load). A number of countries (Canada, Finland, France, the Netherlands and the U.S.A.) supplied unit discharge projections for the future. In those instances where such data were not available, the 1975 and 1980 "Unit Waste Loads" were projected for each production category in each country, by studying the projected pollution control programmes in each instance (such as recovery facilities, extensive inplant treatment, numbers of treatment plants, 1970 waste loading rates, waste paper recycling, etc.). Generally it was assumed that primary treatment would remove 75-80 % of the suspended solids (and about 90 % with chemical coagulation), and biological treatment would remove about 80 % of the initial BOD. The total waste loads were calculated accordingly by multiplying the "Unit Waste Load" by the 1970 production. However in those few instances where production decreases were forecast, the lower production figure was used.

(ii) the second of these three tables concerns the projected increase in production in 1975 or 1980 from 1970 for both expanded and new mills, as obtained from Table 1 in each Annex. The basic assumption was made that all new production in.

each category, regardless of country (except

where lower pollution load figures were projected for mills already in operation in 1970), would

achieve the same "Unit Waste Load". This assumption is certainly not strictly correct, however a study

of the proposed regulations in all countries indicates, that in practice differences will not be great which, together with the fact that new production will,

in general, be not large and "Unite Waste Loads"

from new production will be small when compared with those of operating mills, leads one to the

conclusion that this error of assumption is small and the use of a more complicated estimating

procedure is not warranted. Thus the total waste

discharge attributable to increased production was calculated by multiplying the estimated

production increase (1975 minus 1970 and 1980 minus 1970) by the assumed "Unit Waste Load".

(iii) The third of these three tables is a summation of the results obtained from the previous two tables. In effect, they give', for each country and product-ion category, the total suspended solids and BOD discharge for 1970 and projected total discharges for 1975 and 1980.

The final three tables in the first seven Annexes give, for 1970, 1975 and 1980 the pollution control cost data and projections for internal and external water pollution and air pollution control measures for 1970 operating mills. The reduced water pollution load (kg/tonne of

suspended solids and BOD) to which these costs correspond is also given for comparison. Where available (Canada,

Finland, France, Italy, Netherlands, U.S.A.) these pollution load figures are those which were used by the country

concerned to calculate the pollution control costs. In the other cases, the reduced water pollution load figures are those which were derived from the projected pollution control programmes (see para. 3(i) above).

Annex VII contains tables summarizing the previous Annexes : (i) tables 1, 2 and 3 give the production in 1970 and

projected production in 1975 and 1980 for the seven production categories ;

(ii) table 4 gives the total water usages in 1970 ; (iii) tables 5, 6, 7, S, 9 and 10 display the total

suspended solids and BOD figures In each country for each category of production for 1970, and projected for 1975 and 1980 ;

(iv) tables 11, 12 and 13 show the projected production increases for each category during the periods 1971-75, 1976-80 and 1971-80 respectively ; they are obtained from the first tables of each of the first seven Annexes ;

(v) tables 14, 15 and 16 show the total projected

investment capital required to construct pollution abatement facilities during the periods 1971-75, 1976-80 and 1971-80 respectively ;

(vi) table 17 gives the relative production of each

category in each country undertaken at inland mills.

- 5 -

ANNEX I

SEMICHEMICAL PULP PATES MI-CHIMIQUES

- 6 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE I - SEMICHEMICAL PULP PATES MI-CHIMIQUES TABLE

TABLEAU 1 PULP PRODUCTION PRODUCTION DE PATE

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

No. Mills Nbre usines

2 0 6 3 24 0 7 17 1 3 4 7

0 2 0 42

118

1970 Production '000 tonnes

39 0 344 324 166 0 100 1 930 20 92 60 380 0 5 0 3 035

6 495

Av. Prodn./mill Prod. moy/usine

•000 tonnes

20

-

57 108 7

-

14 114 20 31 15 54

-

3

_

72

55

1975 Production

'000 tonnes

50 0 440 450 350 0 169 3 181 40 92 85 450 0 36 0 3 793

9 136

1980 Production

!000 tonnes

50 0 570 500 400 0

50

85 550 0 77 0 4 368

- 7 -

ANNEX ANNEXE

SEMICHEMICAL PULP PATES MI-CHIMIQUES TABLE

TABLEAU 2 -PAPER/BOARD PRODUCTION PRODUCTION DE PAPIER/CARTON

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

1970 No. Mills

Nbre usines

1 0 6 3 24 0 0 17 1 1 4 6 0 2 0 42

107

Production

!000 tonnes

25 0 358 310 166 0 0 1 786 25 60 90 380 0 5 0 3 035

6 240

1975 Production

!O00 tonnes

60 0 455 380 350 0 0 3 037 50 60 140 450 0 36 0 3 793

8 811

1980 Production '000 tonnes

60 0 580 450 400 0 0

60

140 550 0 77 0 4 368

- 8 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE I -SEMICHEMICAL PULP PATES MI-CHIMIQUES TABLE

TABLEAU 3 -

WASTE LIQUOR BURNING PLANTS

INSTALLATIONS D' INCINERATION DE LA LESSIVE RESIDUAIRE

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

No. pulp mills Nbre usines

de pate

2 0 6 3 24 0 7 17 1 3 4 7 0 2 0 42

118

1970 No. burning

plants Nbre instal.

d'incineration

0 0 0 3 1 0 0 3 1 0 0 2 0 1 0 10

21

No. with cross-recovery

Nbre avec recuperation

1 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 15

24

1975 No. burning or cross-recovery

plants Nbre d'instal.

d'inci. ou de recup.

1 0 2 3 1 0

17 1 0 0 6 0 1 0 42

74

1980 No. burning or cross-recovery

plants Nbre d'instal.

d'inci. ou de recup.

2 0 2 3 1 0

17 1

0 7 0 1 0 42

- 9 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE I -SEMICHEMICAL PULP PATES MI-CHIMIQUES TABLE

TABLEAU

EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANTS

INSTALLATIONS DE TRAITEMENT DES EFFLUENTS

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

No. Mills Nbre usines

2 0 6 3 24 0 7 17 1 3 4 7 0 2 0 42

118

1970 Primary Primaire

0 0 0 2 5 0 0 14 1 0 0 6 0 0 0 11

39

Secondary Secondaire

0 0 0 0 3 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 7

13

1975 Primary Primaire

0 0 4 3 12 0 0 15 1

(1)

0 4 0 0 0 4

44

Secondary Secondaire

1 0 1 0 12 0 0 3 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 38

57

Primary Primaire

0 0 2 3 0 0

1

0 5 0 0 0 0

1980

Secondary Secondaire

1 0 4 0 24 0

0

0 2 0 0 0 42

Note : It has been assumed that every secondary treatment plant will also have primary treatment Note : On a suppose que chaque fois qu'il y a une installation de traitement secondaire

il existe egalement un traitement primaire.

- 10 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE I -SEMICHEMICAL PULP PATES MI-CHIMIQUES TABLE

TABLEAU 5 - 1970 AVERAGE WASTE WATER LOADS

POLLUTION DE L'EAU (CHARGE MOYENNE EN 1970)

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Average Moyenne/Total

No.

mills Nbre usines

2 0 6 3 24 0 7 17 1 3 4 7 0 2 0 42

118

Av. Prodn.

per mill Prod. moy.

par usine '000 tonnes

20

-

51 108 7

-

14 114 20 31 15 54

-

3

-

72

55

Water use Eau employee m3/tonne

100

-

94 45 100

-

180 100 49 80 80 40

-

140

_

85

87

Suspended Solids Mat. en suspension

kg/tonne

30

_

38 20 30

_

6 12 38 20 40 10

-

4

_

20

18

B0D5

DBO5

kg/tonne

100

-

113 36 145

_

109 120 10 40 90 30

-

40

_

40

71

- 11 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE I - SEMICHEMICAL PULP PATES MI-CHIMIQUES TABLE

TABLEAU 6 -PROJECTED SUSPENDED SOLIDS LOADS, FOR 1970 MILLS AND PRODUCTION

MATIERES EN SUSPENSION, CHARGES PREVUES SUR LA BASE DE LA PRODUCTION 1970 DES USINES EN ACTIVITE

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Production '000 tonnes

39 0 344 324 166 0 100 1 930 20 92 60 380 0

0 3 035

1970 kg/tonne

30

38 20 30

12 38 20 40 10

20

'000 tonnes

13

23

4

0

61

•*•

1975 kg/tonne

20

12

28

10 30 18 30

4

7

'000 tonnes

1980 kg/tonne

1

4

1 19 1

0

21

'000 tonnes

15

12

41

20

30

7

0

0

15

Total 6 495 119 60

Average

Moyenne 18 10

- 12 -

ANNEX SEMI CHEMICAL PULP ANNEXE I - PATES MI-CHIMIQUES

PROJECTED SUSPENDED SOLIDS LOADS, NEW PRODUCTION (assuming all new production will achieve maximum 10 kg/tonne) PREVISION DE LA CHARGE EN MATIERES EN SUSPENSION

NOUVELLE PRODUCTION (on a suppose que toute nouvelle production donnerait lieu a une charge maximum de 10 kg/tonne)

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

1975 New Production

Nouvelle production '000 tonnes

11 0 96 126 184 0 69 1 251 20 0 25 70 0 31 0 758

2 641

Suspended Solids Solides en suspension '000 tonnes

0

-

1 1 2

-

0 13 0

~

0 0

-

0

-

5

22

1980 New Production

Nouvelle production '000 tonnes

11 0 226 176 234 0

30

25 170 0 72 0 1 333

Suspended Solids Solides en suspension '000 tonnes

0

_

2 1 2

-

0

0 1

-

0

7 TABLE

TABLEAU

- 13 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE I - SEMICHEMICAL PULP PATES MI-CHIMIQUES TABLE

TABLEAU 8 - TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS LOADS [From tables 6 and 7]

CHARGE TOTALE EN MATIERES EN SUSPENSION [provenant des tableaux 6 et 7]

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

1970

1 0 13 6 5 0 1 23 1 2 2 4 0 0 0 61

119

'000 tonnes 1975

1 0 5 3 7 0 1 32 1 2 2 2 0 0 0 26

82

1980

1 0 6 3 9 0

0

2 3 0 0 0 22

- 14 -

ANNEX SEMICHEMICAL PULP ANNEXE I - PATES MI-CHIMIQUES

TABLE PROJECTED BOD5 LOADS FOR 1970 MILLS AND PRODUCTION

TABLEAU DBO5, CHARGES PREVUES SUR LA BASE DE LA PRODUCTION 1970 DES USINES EN ACTIVITE

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total Average Moyenne

Production '000 tonnes

39 0 344 324 166 0 100 1 930 20 92 60 380 0 5 0 3 035

6 495

-

1970 kg/tonne

100

-

113 36 145

-

109 120 10 40 90 30

-

40

40

_

71

'000 tonnes

4

-

39 12 24

-

11 232 0 4 5 11

-

2

-

121

465

_

1975 kg/tonne

75

70 30 137

-

100 60 10 35 80 17

40

-

12

_

37

'000 tonnes

3

_

24 11 23

-

10 116 0 3 5 6

_

2

~

36

239

-

1980 kg/tonne

70

_

40 30 42

_

10

70 8

-

30

-

10

-

'000 tonnes

3

_

14 11 7

- .

0

4 3

_

2

_

30

-

- 15 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE I - SEMICHEMICAL PULP PATES MI-CHIMIQUES TABLE

TABLEAU 10 - PROJECTED BOD5 LOADS, NEW PRODUCTION (assuming all new production will achieve maximum 30 kg/tonne) PREVISION DE LA CHARGE EN DBO5

NOUVELLE PRODUCTION (on a suppose que toute nouvelle production donnerait lieu a une charge maximum de 30 kg/tonne)

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

1975 New Production

Nouvelle production '000 tonnes

11 0 96 126 184 0 69 1 251 20 0 25 70

0 31 0 758

2 641

B0D5

DBO5

'000 tonnes

0

-

3 4 6

_

2 38 0

_

1 1

-

1

9

65

1980 New Production

Nouvelle production '000 tonnes

11 0 226 176 234 0

30

25 170 0 72 0 1 333

B0D5

DB05

'000 tonnes

0

w*

7 5 7

-

0

1 1

-

2

_

13

- 16 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE I - SEMICHEMICAL PULP PATES MI-CHIMIQUES TABLE

TABLEAU 11 - TOTAL B0D5 LOADS [From tables 9 and 10]

CHARGE TOTALE EN DBO5 [extrait des tableaux 9 et 10]

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

1970

4 0 39 12 24 0 11 232 0 4 5 11 0 2 0 121

465

'000 tonnes 1975

3 0 27 15 29 0 12 154 0 3 6 7 0 3 0 45

304

1980

3 0 21 16 14 0

0

5 4 0 4 0 43

- 17 -

ANNEX SEMICHEMICAL PULP ANNEXE I - PATES MI-CHIMIQUES

TABLE 1970 POLLUTION CONTROL COSTS TABLEAU 12 - COUTS ANTI-POLLUTION EN 1970

(based on exchange rates prevailing in December 1970) (bases sur les taux de change en vigueur en decembre 1970)

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total Weighted

Average Moyenne

ponderee

Production '000 tonnes

0 344 324 166 0 100 1 930 45 92

0

0 3 035 (6 036)

Suspended solids Mat.en susp.

kg/tonne

»

38 20 30

-

6 12 38 20

-

-

20

18

B0D5

DB05

kg/tonne

_

113 36 145

_

109 120 10 40

-

-

40

-

71

Pollution Control Costs ft/tonne Couts anti-pollution

- " " • "

Water/Eau Internal

Interne

-

0.09 2.75

0 0.69 0 0

-

0

_

External Externe

0.11 0.36

-

0 2.64 3.60 0.21

-

-

1.81

Sub-total Sous-total

_

0.20 3.11 1.80

-

0 3.33 3.60 0.21

-

-

1.81

_

(2.34)

Air

*

- ,

0.05 0.44

_

0 0 0 0

*••*

-

0.50

Total

-

0.25 3.55

_

0 3.33 3.60 0.21

-

-

2.31

*m

Note : Where applicable, suspended solids and BOD5 derived from tables 6 and 9.

Note : Le cas echeant, les chiffres de matieres en suspension et de DBO5 ont ete extraits des tableaux 6 et 9.

- 18 -

ANNEX SEMICHEMICAL PULP ANNEXE I ~ PATES MI-CHIMIQUES

TABLE 1975 POLLUTION CONTROL COSTS TABLEAU 13 ~ COUTS ANTI-POLLUTION EN 1975

(based on exchange rates prevailing in December 1970) (bases sur les taux de change en vigueur en decembre 1970)

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total Weighted

| Average Moyenne

ponderee I

Production '000 tonnes

0 344 450 350 0 169 1 930 90

0

0 3 035 (6 368)

-

Suspended solids Mat .en susp.

i kg/tonne

12 5 28

_

5 10 30

-

7

-

(10)

B0Dc

DBO5

kg/tonne

70 30 137

5 60 10

"

-

12

"

(38)

Pollution Control Costs $/tonne Couts anti-pollution

Water/Eau Internal

Interne

-

2.38 0.90

-

0 5.85

iExternal Externe

_

2.39 0.38

-

25.00 6.34

0 3.60

~

0

-

-

_

8.33

Sub-total Sous-total

-

4.77 1.28 11.30

m

25.00 12.19 3.60

-

•Ml

8.33

-

(8.89)

Air

-

1.26

-

0 1.79 0

_

-

3-78

Total

_

6.03

-

25.00 13.98 3.60

-

_

12.11

-

Note : Where applicable, suspended solids and BOD5 derived from tables 6, 7, 9 and 10.

Note : Le cas echeant, les chiffres de matieres en suspension et de DBO5 ont ete extraits des tableaux 6, 7, 9 et 10.

- 19 -

ANNEX SEMICHEMICAL PULP ANNEXE I - PATES MI-CHIMIQUES

TABLE 1980 POLLUTION CONTROL COSTS TABLEAU 14 - COUTS ANTI-POLLUTION EN 1980

(based on exchange rates prevailing in December 1970) (bases sur les taux de change en vigueur en decembre 1970)

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total Weighted

Average Moyenne

ponderee

Production '000 tonnes

0 344

400 0

110

0

0

Suspended l B0DR

solids **

Mat.en susp.

kg/tonne

-

12

41

-

20

-

-

DB05

kg/tonne

_

40

42

-

10

-

Pollution Control Costs Cotits anti-pollution

Water/Eau Internal

Interne

-

3.44

-

0

-

External Externe

-

3.45

-

3.60

.

-

Sub-total Sous-total

-

6.89

16.70

-

3.60

*

_

-

1

$/tonne

Air

-

.89

-

0

-

- i

Total

-

8.78

3.60

-

-

Note : Where applicable, suspended solids and BOD5 derived from tables 6, 7, 9 and 10.

Note : Le cas echeant, les chiffres de matieres en suspension et de DBOc ont ete extraits des tableaux 6, 7, 9 et 10.

21 -

ANNEX II

SULPHITE PULP PATES AU BISULFITE

22 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE II - SULPHITE PULP PATES AU BISULFITE TABLE

TABLEAU 1 PULP PRODUCTION PRODUCTION DE PATE

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany- Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

No- Mills Nbre usines

12 0 10 17 8 12 3 6 0 14 1 33 1 2 0 42

161

1970 Production '000 tonnes

500 0 1 193 1 461 428 1 284*

120 909 0 655 60 1 800 100 40 0 2 968

11 518

Av. Prodn./mill Prod. moy/usine

'000 tonnes

42

119 86 53 107 40 152

47 60 55 100 20

70

71

1975 Production

'000 tonnes

556 0 1 350 1 590 390 1 556*

160 937 0 570 60 1 600 120 59 0 3 000

11 948

1980 Production

f000 tonnes'

590 0 1 410 1 600 425 1 750*

0

0

60 1 500 120 59 0 3 000

*This figure includes 645 000 tonnes of paper and board from integrated mills, and 47 000 tonnes of semichemical pulp.

Ce chiffre comprend 645 000 tonnes de papier et carton provenant d'usines integrees, et 47 000 tonnes de pate mi-chimique.

- 23 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE I I - SULPHITE PULP PATES AU BISULFITE

TABLE

TABLEAU 2 - CALCIUM BASED PULP PRODUCTION PRODUCTION DE PATE A BASE CALCIUM

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany- Italy Japan Netherlands Norway- Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

1970 No. Mills

Nbre usines

11 0 3 12 6 10 3 6 0 10 1 25 1 1 0

Production '000 tonnes

400 0 297 1 018

913 120 538 0 520 60 1 120 100 44 0

1975 Production '000 tonnes

440 0 0 1 050

1 138 160

0 436 60 500 120

0 0

1980 Production '000 tonnes

470 0 0 1 000 0 1 313

0

60 0 120 0

o

0

- 24 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE II - SULPHITE PULP PATES AU BISULFITE TABLE

TABLEAU

BLEACHED PULP PRODUCTION PRODUCTION DE PATE BLANCHIE

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

1970 No. Mills

Nbre usines

11 0 9 10 5 11 2 6 0 10 1 21 1 1 0 6

94

Production '000 tonnes

470 0 902 762 335 552 95 608 0 501 60 1 350 60 22 0 2 700

8 147

1975 Production '000 tonnes

520 0 1 060 765

593 130

0 447 60 1 000 80

0 2 700

1980 Production '000 tonnes

560 0 1 120 770

679

0

60 1 000 80

0 2 700

- 25 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE II - SULPHITE PULP PATES AU BISULFITE TABLE

TABLEAU

WASTE LIQUOR BURNING PLANTS

INSTALLATIONS D'INCINERATION DE LA LESSIVE RESIDUAIRE

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

No. pulp mills Nbre usines

de pate

12 0 10 17 8 12 3 6 0 14 1 33 1 2 0 42

161

Number of burning plants

Nombre d'installations d'incineration 1970

1 0 1 15 3 9 0 1 0 2 1 19 1 0 0

a

61

1975

1 0 3 16 8 12 0 6 0 2 1 17 1 1 0 20

88

1980

6 0 9 17 8 12

0

1 15 1

0 25

- 26 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE II - SULPHITE PULP PATES AU BISULFITE TABLE

TABLEAU

EFFLUENT TREATMENT PLANTS

INSTALLATIONS DE TRAITEMENT DES EFFLUENTS

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

No. Mills Nbre usines

12 0 9 17 8 12 3 6 0 14 1 33 1 2 0

42

160

1970 Primary Primaire

0 0 2 7 2 9 0 3 0 0 0 19 0 0 0 8

53

Secondary Secondaire

0 0 0 0 1 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2

8

1975 Primary Primaire

0 0 8 17 6 7 0 5 0 0 1 11 0 0 0 5

60

Secondary Secondaire

0 0 2 0

2

5 0 5 0 0 0 6 1 0 0 20

41

Primary Primaire

5 0 6 17 0 5

0

1 9 0 0 0 0

1980

Secondary Secondaire

1 0 4 0 8 7

0

0 6 1 0 0 25

Note : It has been assumed that every secondary treatment plant will also have primary treatment Note : On a suppose que chaque fois qu'il y a une installation de traitement secondaire

il existe egalement un traitement primaire.

ANNEX SULPHITE PULP ANNEXE PATES AU BISULFITE

TABLE 1970- AVERAGE WASTE WATER LOADS

TABLEAU " POLLUTION DE L'EAU (CHARGE MOYENNE EN 1970)

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland Franc e Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Average Moyenne

No.

mills Nbre usines

12 0 10 17 8 12 3 6 0 14 1 33 1 2 0 42

161

Av.Prodn.

per mill Prod.moy.

par usine 000 tonnes

42

-

119 86 53 107 40 152

47 60 55 100 20

_

70

71

Unbleached Grades Qualite ecrue Water

use Eau employee m3/tonne

250

-

184 417

-

76 150 150

-

450

-

300 500 250

-

(300)

258

Suspended Solids Mat. en suspension

kg/tonne

25

-

27 63

-

18 30 27

-

40

16 50 93

-

25

30

B0D5

DB05

kg/tonne

290

-

118 109

139 150 248

-

200

-

145 98 50

_

250

182

Bleached Grades Qualite blanchie Water

use Eau employee m3/tonne

372

-

263 579 230 243 450 350

mm

600 400 400 500 250

-

(300)

365

Suspended Solids Mat. en suspension

kg/tonne

30

-

44 63 45 27 25 50

_

40 100 22 50 93

turn

25

36

e BOD,5 DB05

kg/tonne

288

-

225 146 220 88 350 450

-

200 100 145 98

50

-

250

211

*

- 28 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE II - SULPHITE PULP PATES AU BISULFITE TABLE

TABLEAU 7 -

PROJECTED SUSPENDED SOLIDS LOADS, FOR 1970 MILLS AND PRODUCTION

MATIERES EN SUSPENSION, CHARGES PREVUES SUR LA BASE DE LA PRODUCTION 1970 DES USINES EN ACTIVITE

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total Average Moyenne

Production

!000 tonnes

500 0 1 193 1 461 428 1 284 120 909 0 655 60 1 800 100 40 0 2 968

11 518

-

1970 kg/tonne

30

40 64 45 22 26 42

40 100 20

93

-

25

34

'000 tonnes

15

-

48 94 19 28 3 38

_

26 6 36

4

-

74

396

_

1975 kg/tonne

30

15 18 15 15 20 28

-

30 30 6 5 50

10

-

15

'000 tonnes

15

_

18 26 7 19 2 25

-

17 2 11 1 2

30

175

1980 kg/tonne

20

-

10 10 50 10

-

30 5 5 50

10

_

'000 tonnes

10

12 15 21 13

2 9 1 2

30

Note : 1970 waste loadings are weighted averages of bleached and unbleached production.

Note : On a pris comme charges de pollution pour 1970 la moyenne ponderee entre les qualites blanchies et ecrues.

- 29 -

ANNEX SULPHITE PULP ANNEXE n " PATES AU BISULFITE

PROJECTED SUSPENDED SOLIDS LOADS* NEW PRODUCTION (assuming all new production will achieve maximum 10 kg/tonne) PREVISION DE LA CHARGE EN MATIERES EN SUSPENSION

NOUVELLE PRODUCTION (on a suppose que toute nouvelle production donnerait lieu a une charge maximum de 10 kg/tonne)

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany- Italy Japan Netherlands Norway- Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

1975 New Production

Nouvelle production '0O0 tonnes

56 0 157 129 reduction

272 40 28 0 reduction

0 reduction

20 19 0 32

753

Suspended Solids Solides en suspension '000 tonnes

1

-

2 1

-

3 0 0

-

_

-

-

0 0

_

0

7

1980 New Production

Nouvelle production '000 tonnes

90 0 217 139 reduction

466

0

0 reduction

20 19 0 32

Suspended Solids Solides en suspension '000 tonnes

1

-

2 1

-

5

-

-

•***

0 0

0 TABLE

TABLEAU

30 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE II - SULPHITE PULP PATES AU BISULFITE TABLE

TABLEAU

TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLIDS LOADS [from tables 7 and 8]

CHARGE TOTALE EN MATIERES EN SUSPENSION [provenant des tableaux 7 et 8]

B t ^ ^ H H

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K* 1 L «

U . S . A .

Total

«*B

1970

15 0 48 94 19 28

38 0 26

36

0 74

39S

'000 tonnes 1975

16 0 20 27 7 22

25 0 17

11

0 30

X82

1980

11 0 14 16 21 18

0

1

30

- 31 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE II - SULPHITE PULP PATES AU BISULFITE TABLE

TABLEAU 10 - PROJECTED BOD5 LOADS FOR 1970 MILLS AND PRODUCTION

DBO5, CHARGES PREVUES SUR LA BASE DE LA PRODUCTION 1970 DES USINES EN ACTIVITE

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany

h

Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Production '000 tonnes

500 0 1 193 1 461 428 1 284 120 909 0 655 60 1 800 100 40 0 2 968

1970 kg/tonne

288

594 129 220 117 308 383

200 100 145 98 50

250

'000 tonnes

144

470 189 94 150 37 348

131

261 10

742

1975 kg/tonne

260

320 80 172 90 300 85

200 100 43

50

40

'000 tonnes

130

382 117 74 116 36 77

114

77 1

119

1980 kg/tonne

140

60 50 45 50

100 21 5 50

20

'000 tonnes

70

72 73 19 64

38

60

Total Average Moyenne

11 518

224

2 534

109

1 251

Note : 1970 waste loadings are weighted averages of bleached and unbleached production.

Note : On a pris comme charges de pollution en 1970 la moyenne ponderee entre les qualites blanchies et ecrues.

- 32 -

ANNEX SULPHITE PULP ANNEXE II - PATES AU BISULFITE

PROJECTED BOD5 LOADS, NEW PRODUCTION (assuming all new production will achieve maximum 40 kg/tonne) PREVISION DE LA CHARGE EN DBO5

NOUVELLE PRODUCTION (on a suppose que toute nouvelle production donnerait lieu a une charge maximum de 40 kg/tonne)

COUNTRY PAYS

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

Total

1975 New Production

Nouvelle production '000 tonnes

56 0 157 129 reduction

272 40 28 0 reduction

0 reduction

20 19 0 32

1

j

753 ;

1

1

B0D5

DB05

'000 tonnes

2

-

6 5

_

11 2 1

-

-

-

0 1

-

1

29

1980 New Production

Nouvelle production '000 tonnes

90 0 217 139 reduction

466

0

0 reduction

20 19 0 32

B0D5c

DBOc '000 tonnes

4

-

9 6

-

19

-

-

0 1

-

1 TABLE

TABLEAU 11 -

- 33 -

ANNEX

ANNEXE II SULPHITE PULP PATES AU BISULFITE TABLE

TABLEAU 12 - TOTAL BOD5 LOADS [from tables 10 and 11]

CHARGE TOTALE EN DBO5 [extrait des tableaux 10 et 11]

Austria Belgium Canada Finland France Germany Italy Japan Netherlands Norway Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey U.K.

U.S.A.

1970

144 0 470 189 94 150 37 348 0 131

261 10

0 742

000 tonnes

*fl

1975

132 0 388 122 74 127 38 78 0 114

77 1

0 120

1980

74 0 81 79 19 83

0

38 1

0 61

Total 2 584 1 280

34

ANNEX

ANNEXE II - SULPHITE PULP PATES AU BISULFITE TABLE

TABLEAU 13 -

1970 POLLUTION CONTROL COSTS COUTS ANTI-POLLUTION EN 1970

(based on exchange rates prevailing in December 1970) (bases sur les taux de change en vigueur en decembre 1970)

Note : Where applicable, suspended solids and BOD,- derived from tables 7 and 10.

Note : Le cas echeant, les chiffres de matieres en suspension et de DB05 ont ete extraits des tableaux 7 et 10.

Dalam dokumen Pollution - by The Pulp and Paper Industry (Halaman 149-200)

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