P
RELIMINARYR
ESULTSR
EGARDING THEP
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ETINOIDR
ECEPTORS ON THEN
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ELLS23rdMeeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology 167167 Dr. Casto-Pavlidou Eléni, Dr. Dias Beatrice, Dr. Roberta Graca
Private professionist, Veterinary pathologist, Str. Tuderte 47, 06126 Perugia, Italy; [email protected];
Proceedings of the 23 Meeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology
23rdMeeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology 168
168
The objetive of this study was to investigate the effect of estrus synchronization by prostaglandin analogues (cloprostenol) comparing it to the classic treatment with progestagens that has the disadvantage of residue deposits.The preovulatory follicular dynamics, estradiol and progesterone secretion, and the uterine expression of their receptors (ER , PR) in six different uterine compartments were evaluated. Two experimental groups of 20 adult Manchega breed pregnant ewes each were used, collecting embryos on days 4 and 7. The quality of embryos was also studied. Lower plasma estradiol concentration due to poorer quality of the preovulatory follicules detected in ewes treated with progestagens downregulates ER expression in target cells, and this could explain the weaker ER immunostaining detected in the uterus of this group. Ewes treated with cloprostenol showed higher ER levels of expression on day 4 in all the uterine cell compartments compared to day 7, because of the high serological levels of oestradiol close to estrus. In general, the average amount of staining for PR expression was lower in the different compartments in sheep treated with progestagens, demostrating that progesterone downregulates its own receptor. A higher PR immunoexpression in the uterine stroma (p < 0.01) of the group treated with cloprostenol would facilitate the stromal cell production of various growth factors sensitive to progesterone that regulate essential functions in the implantation period. The higher embryo viability along with these results makes the use of cloprostenol an adequate method for estrus synchronization in sheep.
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IFFERENT HORMONAL TREATMENTS OF ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION IN EWES:
EFFECTS ON SEROLOGICAL LEVELS OF OESTRADIOL AND PROGESTERONE AND THEIR RECEPTORS IN THE PREIMPLANTATIONAL UTERUS
.
Vilar, Mª Paz; García-Palencia, Pilar; Sanchez, Mª Angeles; González-Bulnes, Antonio; Flores, Juana María Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Av. Pta. del Hierro S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
E-mail: [email protected]
Proceedings of the 23 Meeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology
The objetive of this study was to investigate the effect of estrus synchronization by prostaglandin analogues (cloprostenol) comparing it to the classic treatment with progestagens that has the disadvantage of residue deposits.The preovulatory follicular dynamics, estradiol and progesterone secretion, and the uterine expression of their receptors (ER , PR) in six different uterine compartments were evaluated. Two experimental groups of 20 adult Manchega breed pregnant ewes each were used, collecting embryos on days 4 and 7. The quality of embryos was also studied. Lower plasma estradiol concentration due to poorer quality of the preovulatory follicules detected in ewes treated with progestagens downregulates ER expression in target cells, and this could explain the weaker ER immunostaining detected in the uterus of this group. Ewes treated with cloprostenol showed higher ER levels of expression on day 4 in all the uterine cell compartments compared to day 7, because of the high serological levels of oestradiol close to estrus. In general, the average amount of staining for PR expression was lower in the different compartments in sheep treated with progestagens, demostrating that progesterone downregulates its own receptor. A higher PR immunoexpression in the uterine stroma (p < 0.01) of the group treated with cloprostenol would facilitate the stromal cell production of various growth factors sensitive to progesterone that regulate essential functions in the implantation period. The higher embryo viability along with these results makes the use of cloprostenol an adequate method for estrus synchronization in sheep.
D
IFFERENT HORMONAL TREATMENTS OF ESTRUS SYNCHRONIZATION IN EWES:
EFFECTS ON SEROLOGICAL LEVELS OF OESTRADIOL AND PROGESTERONE AND THEIR RECEPTORS IN THE PREIMPLANTATIONAL UTERUS
.
23rdMeeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology 169169 Vilar, Mª Paz; García-Palencia, Pilar; Sanchez, Mª Angeles; González-Bulnes, Antonio; Flores, Juana María Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid; Av. Pta. del Hierro S/N, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
E-mail: [email protected]
Proceedings of the 23 Meeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology
23rdMeeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology 170
170
Animals infected by Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (Map) show a variety of lesions, with differences among individuals and species. Among the factors explaining such differences, the type of Map strain should be considered.
Six groups of 1-month-old lambs were infected orally with different strains of Map:
Group 1: a bovine strain, grown in laboratory media, showing a genetic pattern type A;
group 2: a bone strain, grown in the laboratory, with type E pattern; group 3: an ovine strain, directly purified from the intestinal mucosa of a clinical case; group 4: an bovine strain, directly obtained from a clinical case ileal mucosa; group 5: the same strain than in group 4 after culturing in laboratory media; group 6: uninfected group. Three calves 1-month old were also infected with the same strain than in group 4, as species control.
All animals were euthanasied at 150 dpi. Location and morphology of the lesions were evaluated. The number of granulomas and the area occupied by lesion in the lymph nodes were measured.
Differences were observed in the type and location of lesions. Those caused by bovine strains, regardless the type, appeared mostly in the lymph nodes and show a high number of giant cells. In group 3, lesions appeared in the intestine. Differences in the severity of lesions were also detected among groups. The type of Map strain influences the location and type of paratuberculosis lesions.
This work has been founded by the project AGL-2004-07421-C0201, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia.
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OLE OF THE AETHIOLOGIC AGENT IN THE TYPE AND LOCATION OF LESIONS IN THE EARLY PHASES OF RUMINANT PARATURBECOLOSISPérez, V.; Verna, A.; Geijo, M. V.1; Muñoz, M.; Benavides, J.; García-Pariente, C.; Fuertes, M.; Ferreras, M.
C.; García Marín, J. F.
Dpt. Patología Animal: Medicina Animal (Anatomía Patológica), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León. 1NEIKER, Berreaga 1, 48160 Derio, Vizcaya, Spain. E-mail:
Proceedings of the 23 Meeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology
The main pathological findings observed in a 4-days-old lamb, consistent with epidermolisis bullosa, are described. In a 2-3% of the lambs born in the last seasons in an Assaf flock, appeared, between 6h and 4 days after birth, areas of redness of the coronary band of the palms. Finally, exungulation of the hooves takes place. The skin of the axilary folds, nozzle or lips appared blistered and eroded, as well as the tongue and oral mucosa. The lamb has serious limitations in the movements and difficulty in feeding.
Microscopically, subepidermal splitting with an intact epidermis in the blister roof was observed, in different degrees, in freshly fractioned skin and in natural blisters from all tissues examined. Inflammation was minimal and found only in long-standing blisters.
Similar lesions were found in samples from lips, oral mucosa, tongue, esophagus or anus.
Ultraestructural studies confirmed the subepidermal location of blisters.
Lesions were consistent with epidermolisis bullosa, a hereditary skin disorder characterized by insufficient coherente along the dermo-epidermal basement membrana zone. It has been described previously in Suffold, South Dorset Down or Swiss Huyeses Alpenschaf. In the latter, it has been demonstrated the absence of collagen VII in the hemidesmosomes, and compared to epidermolisis bullosa simples of humans.
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PIDERMOLISIS BULLOSA IN ASSAF LAMBS23rdMeeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology 171171 Pérez, V.; J. Benavides, Herrera, E.1, Reyes, L. E.; Ferreras, M. C. García-Marín, J. F.
Dpt. Patología Animal: Medicina Animal (Anatomía Patológica), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, 24071 León. 1Cooperativa Serviagro. 47120 Mota del Marqués, Valladolid.
E-mail.: [email protected]
Proceedings of the 23 Meeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology
23rdMeeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology 172
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To elucidate the relationship of Listeria monocytogenes (L.m.) strains involved in ruminant listeriosis, human disease and food contamination, we applied serotyping and automated ribotyping to 20 animal, 11 human and to 20 food strains isolated in Northern Italy since 1998; furthermore we evaluated the distribution pattern of the neuropathological lesions and the immunopositivity for L. m. antigens in ruminants CNSs.
Serotypes 4b,1/2a, and 1/2b were found to be the most represented ones, while ribotyping, that offers a more accurate subtyping scheme, identified 3 major ribogroups (with Dupont Identification Number 1038, 1039, 1042) including human, feed and animal isolates.
The neuropathological examination showed that light microscopic changes in ruminants CNSs were represented by moderate to severe meningoencephalitis in the brainstem, with mild to strong immunolabelling in all cases, independently from the involved strain.
Our data indicate that a variety of L.m. ribotypes, which have been shown to be associated with human listeriosis cases and outbreaks all over the word, where commonly present in ruminant cases in our study.
The findind of two common clusters within humans, feed and animals support the hypotesis that ruminant represent a resevoir for human L. m. infections.
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OLECURAR AND PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF LISTERIA MONOCYTOGENES STRAINS ISOLATED FROM HUMAN AND RUMINANT CLINICAL CASES AND FROM FOOD PRODUCTION IN NORTHERNI
TALY Pezzolato Marzia, Nappi Raffaella, Grattarola Carla, *Serra Roberto, Catalano Adolfo, De Castelli Lucia, Caramelli Maria, Bozzetta ElenaIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, Via Bologna 148, Torino, Italy
*Ospedale S. Giovanni Battista-SCDO Microbiologia, Torino, Italy [email protected]
Proceedings of the 23 Meeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is an inducible enzyme linked to tumor growth and angiogenesis and its expression occurs in a wide range of inflammatory, preneoplastic, and neoplastic conditions in humans, including colon and breast carcinomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of COX-2 as a mediator of angiogenesis in feline and canine invasive carcinomas and its prognostic value. COX-2 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in neoplastic samples and in healthy mammary glands, and related to several clinicopathological parameters, estrogen and progesterone receptor status (ER and PR), MIB-1, HER-2, microvessel density (MVD), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and overall survival (OS). In both species, COX-2 immunoreactivity was not observed in healthy tissues, while 96% of feline and 100% of canine invasive carcinomas scored positive. In queens COX-2 over-expression was significantly correlated to ER-negative receptor status (P=0.040), to increased PR expression (P=0.039), and increased angiogenesis assessed by VEGF expression (P=0.002). In bitches an increased COX-2 expression was significantly correlated to HER-2 overexpression (P=0.013) and to tumor dedifferentiation (P=0.03). In both species increased levels of COX-2 were correlated to poorer prognosis (P=0.03 in dogs and 0.002 in cats). COX-2 is expressed in mammary tissues during tumorigenesis and its expression is associated with a poorer prognosis in bitches and queens. The correlation of COX-2 expression and angiogenesis provides support for a potential role of COX-2 inhibitors for the prevention or the treatment of feline invasive carcinomas via their anti- angiogenic properties. In the canine species, moreover, COX-2 may be important for mediating HER-2-induced mammary tumours.
keywords:COX-2, angiogenesis, mammary tumors, dog, cat, prognosis.
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HE ROLE OF CYCLOOXYGENASA-2
IN MEDIATING TUMOR ANGIOGENESIS IN FELINE AND CANINE INVASIVE CARCINOMES23rdMeeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology 173173 Millanta F., Citi S.1, Della Santa D.1, Poli A
Department of Animal Pathology and 1Veterinary Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
e-mail: [email protected]
Proceedings of the 23 Meeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology
23rdMeeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology 174
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In recent years new learning strategies have been introduced into programmes at all educational levels including veterinary medicine. It is generally accepted that interactive, student-driven learning increases longterm memory and the ability of students to apply the learned content to their professional life. The development of e-learning tools has opened up a multitude of possiblilties to complement traditional learning strategies with interactive modules that increase learning efficiency markedly. As pathology (general, and organ pathology) traditionally is heavily image dependent and didactically best taught in a highly interactive manner, it is an ideal subject for e-learning.
New curricula of Veterinary Medicine being developed in several places now demand an even more active student participation, with at least 20% of their study time devoted to individual study. First attempts are made to apply online examinations based on e- learning modules used in teaching and learning veterinary pathology. To meet these needs, and those of advanced students studying for European Board qualifications (European College of Veterinary Pathology, ECVP), we aim to take a significant step forward and build on the strengths of an existing e-learning tool at the University of Zürich, the Doit platform, to develop a new integrated online learning platform in veterinary pathology. This Pathology Platform will be composed of three major areas:
lecture accompanying modules, a veterinary pathology trainer for student self study and an expert forum for communication. The platform will build on and incorporate existing e-learning modules (CD, online programms) which exist at the Vetsuisse Faculty of Berne and Zurich. Additional e-learning modules will be developed. Integrated will be links to virtual histopathology slides based at the Institute of Veterinary Pathology in Zurich (scanscope), a picture database (digital asset management, CantoCumulus) other platforms, such as OLAT and Pathobasiliensis (Human pathology). This is an ambitious project, which will break new ground in the teaching of veterinary pathology. To this end we have assembled a highly qualified team of experts, committed to its successful implementation.
This application of e-learning modules will serve not only local or national students of veterinary medicine but will allow in the near future to form a pan-european learning network for veterinary students and veterinary pathologists. In addition students of Animal Sciences (ETHZ) will profit from the e-learning modules and based on this cooperation a common Master`s programm will be initiated.
T
EACHINGV
ETERINARYP
ATHOLOGY IN THE21
ST CENTURY-
APPLICATION OF E
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LEARNING MODULESPospischil, Andreas1, Suter, Maja.2, Gruber, Achim.3, Biolatti Bartolomeo.4
Institute of Veterinary Pathology, University of Zurich, Winterthurestrasse 268, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland, [email protected]; Institute of Animal Pathology, University of Berne, Switzerland, Institute of Veterinary Pathology, FU Berlin, Germany5; Department of Animal Pathology, Università di Torino, Italy4
Proceedings of the 23 Meeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology
Aim of the study was to investigate the histopathological lesions and the sensitivity of Ziehl-Neelsen staining (ZN) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) to detect Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in different tracts of small intestine of ELISA positive sheep.
Paraffin embedded sections of distal ileum and of proximal and distal jejunum of 14 paratuberculosis affected sheep were stained with haematoxylin-eosin and ZN staining and tested with IHC (PoAb anti-MAP).
Following the simpler classification suggested by Corpa (2000) in goats, the histological lesions observed were "diffuse multibacillary" in 4 sheep, "diffuse lymphocytic" in 7 sheep, and "diffuse mixed" in 1 sheep, similarly in the three intestinal tracts. In 2 sheep, differences in features were observed between proximal jejunum sections ("diffuse mixed") and distal jejunum-ileum sections ("diffuse multibacillary"). ZN staining demonstrated mycobacteria in 8 animals (4 multibacillary, 1 lymphocytic, and 3 mixed lesions), while IHC demonstrated MAP antigen in 13 sheep (4 multibacillary, 6 lymphocytic, and 3 mixed lesions).
IIC is more sensitive than ZN staining for MAP detection, mainly when few mycobacteria are present such as in "diffuse lymphocytic" lesions. The avidin-biotin amplification system does increase the sensitivity of immunoperoxidase diagnostic system, and it is preferable rather than ZN mainly in paucibacillary infections.
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ETECTION OF MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM SUBSP.
PARATURBECULOSIS IN OVINE INTESTINE:
CORRELATION BETWEEN HISTOLOGICAL LESIONSMYCOBACTERAL STAINING AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL FINDINGS
23rdMeeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology 175175 Taccini Ennio*, Braca Giovanni*, Gregori Michela*, Tarantino Chiara*, Preziuso Silvia#
*Deparment of Animal Pathology - University of Pisa (Italy), viale delle Piagge 2, Pisa
#Department of Veterinary Science - University of Camerino (Italy), via Circonvallazione 93/95, Matelica (MC). E-mail: [email protected]
Proceedings of the 23 Meeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology
23rdMeeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology 176
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Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications of Diabetes Mellitus, progressively affecting the distal peripheral sensory and motor nerves as well as the autonomic nervous system. Nerve conduction deficits and loss of myelinated nerve fibres are the most distinct morphological abnormalities found in human diabetic nerves.
After 16 weeks of streptozotocin diabetes induction, physical examination, electrophysiological assessment, and biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical analysis of nerves were performed in diabetic and nondiabetic animals.
Diabetic animals demonstrated features of hyperglycemia, including polydipsia and polyuria. In addition, decreased nerve conduction velocity was detected in diabetic mice.
Histological studies of foodpads revealed significantly reduced numbers of epidermal fibers, whereas no differences were observed in sweat gland- associated autonomic axons.
Myelinated fiber density and number in tibial (predominantly motor axons) and sural (sensory and some autonomic axons) fascicles were not altered by diabetes.
Our findings indicate that electrophysiological assessment and immunohistochemical analysis have potential to serve as a model system for investigations of functional and morphological changes in a mouse model of human diabetic neuropathy.
Financial support from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (C03/08) and Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (EET2002-05168-C04-01)
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ORPHOLOGIC AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGIC CHARACTERIZATION OF DIABETIC NEUROPATHY IN MICESerafín, Anna; Añor, Sónia; Doménech Anna; Martorell, Jaume; Montané, Joel; Bosch, Fàtima; Pumarola, Martí
Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery and Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy Centre (CBATEG).
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain. E-mail:
Proceedings of the 23 Meeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology
Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID) is a slow progressive fatal neurodegenerative disease which is characterised by the presence of eosinophilic inclusion bodies within nuclei of nervous cells in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Neuronal loss is also present in specific brain areas such as cerebrum, cerebellum pons and spinal cord. The actual pathogenesis is unknown but an association between inclusion bodies and the ubiquitin-proteasome complex has been suggested. Up to date only a few cases have been reported and exclusively in human neurology. NIID is reported in a 16-year-old Pure Spanish breed female horse suffering from progressive ataxia and motor deficiencies. The neuropathological study revealed NIIs throughout the central nervous system, although mainly in the brain stem and spinal cord. This distribution did not correlate with neuron loss, which was marked in the hippocampus and moderate in the neocortex. As in humans, NIIs in the horse were hyaline autofluorescent inclusions composed, ultrastructurally, of non-membrane-bound aggregates of filaments and fine granules. Immunohistochemically NIIs were stained with anti-ubiquitin and anti-clusterin antibodies. In addition, NIIs were immunoreactive to antibodies raised against subunits of the 19S and PA28, but not of the 20S, components of the proteasome. These observations indicate similarities between NIID in humans and horses, and suggest that clusterin and abnormal ubiquitin-proteasomal expression participate in NII formation.
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EURONAL INTRANUCLEAR INCLUSION DISEASE IN A HORSE23rdMeeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology 177177 Pumarola, Martí; Vidal, Enric; Serafín, Anna; Márquez, Mercedes and Ferrer, Isidre
Animal Tissue Bank of Catalunya. Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery and Priocat Lab-CReSA.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallès), Barcelona, Spain. E-mail:
Proceedings of the 23 Meeting of the European Society of Veterinary Pathology