Classical Greek Continuers

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2012

H I G H E R S C H O O L C E R T I F I C A T E E X A M I N A T I O N

General Instructions

• Reading time – 5 minutes

• Working time – 3 hours

• Write using black or blue pen Black pen is preferred

Total marks – 100

Pages 2–6 35 marks

• Attempt Questions 1–3

• Allow about 1 hour for this section Pages 7–10

35 marks

• Allow about 1 hour for this section Pages 12–15

30 marks

• Allow about 1 hour for this section Section III

Section II Section I

Classical Greek Continuers

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Section I — Prescribed Text – Thucydides Book VII

35 marks

Attempt Questions 1–3

Allow about 1 hour for this section

Answer each question in a SEPARATE writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available.

Question 1 (10 marks)

Translate BOTH extracts into ENGLISH.

(a) kai; mellovntwn aujtw`n, ejpeidh; eJtoi`ma h\n, ajpoplei`n hJ 4 selhvnh ejkleivpei: ejtuvgcane ga;r passevlhno~ ou\sa. kai; oiJ

ΔAqhnai`oi oi{ te pleivou~ ejpiscei`n ejkevleuon tou;~

strathgou;~ ejnquvmion poiouvmenoi, kai; oJ Nikiva~ (h\n gavr ti kai; a[gan qeiasmw`/ te kai; tw/` toiouvtw/ proskeivmeno~) oujdΔ a]n diabouleuvsasqai e[ti e[fh privn, wJ~ oiJ mavntei~

ejxhgou`nto, tri;~ ejnneva hJmevra~ mei`nai, o{pw~ a]n provteron kinhqeivh. kai; toi`~ me;n ΔAqhnaivoi~ mellhvsasi dia; tou`to hJ monh; ejgegevnhto.

THUCYDIDES VII 50.4

Prw/; de; a[rante~ ejporeuvonto au\qi~, kai; ejbiavsanto pro;~ 6 to;n lovfon ejlqei`n to;n ajpoteteicismevnon, kai; hu|ron pro;

eJautw`n uJpe;r tou` ajpoteicivsmato~ th;n pezh;n stratia;n paratetagmevnhn oujk ejpΔ ojlivgwn ajspivdwn: steno;n ga;r h\n tov cwrivon. kai; prosbalovnte~ oiJ ΔAqhnai`oi ejteicomavcoun, kai; ballovmenoi uJpo; pollw`n ajpo; tou` lovfou ejpavntou~

o[nto~ (diiknou`nto ga;r rJa`/on oiJ a[nwqen) kai; ouj dunavmenoi biavsasqai ajnecwvroun pavlin kai; ajnepauvonto. e[tucon de;

kai; brontaiv tine~ a{ma genovmenai kai; u{dwr, oi|a tou` e[tou~

pro;~ metovpwron h[dh o[nto~ filei` givgnesqai: ajfΔ w|n oiJ ΔAqhnai`oi ma`llon e[ti hjquvmoun kai; ejnovmizon ejpi; tw`/

sfetevrw/ ojlevqrw/ kai; tau`ta pavnta givgnesqai.

THUCYDIDES VII 79.1–3 (b)

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Question 2 (15 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet.

Read the extracts, then answer the questions that follow. Use the extracts and your knowledge of the text in your answers.

(i) For what reasons does Demosthenes recommend departure?

(ii) What considerations influence Nicias to oppose departure?

Question 2 continues on page 4

kai; th/` povlei wjfelimwvteron e[fh ei\nai pro;~ tou;~ ejn th`/

cwvra/ sfw`n ejpiteicivzonta~ to;n povlemon poiei`sqai h]

Surakosivou~, ou}~ oujkevti rJav/dion ei\nai ceirwvsasqai:

oujdΔ au\ a[llw~ crhvmata polla; dapanw`nta~ eijko;~ ei\nai proskaqh`sqai.

Kai; oJ me;n Dhmosqevnh~ toiau`ta ejgivgnwsken: oJ de;

Nikiva~ ejnovmize me;n kai; aujto;~ povnhra sfw`n ta; pravgmata ei\nai, tw`/ de; lovgw/ oujk ejbouvleto aujta; ajsqenh`

ajpodeiknuvnai, oujdΔ ejmfanw`~ sfa`~ yhfizomevnou~ meta;

pollw`n th;n ajnacwvrhsin toi`~ polemivoi~ kataggevltou~

givgnesqai: laqei`n ga;r a[n, oJpovte bouvlointo, tou`to poiou`nte~ pollw`/ h|sson. to; dev ti kai; ta; tw`n polemivwn, ajfΔ w|n ejpi; plevon h] oiJ a[lloi h/jsqavneto aujtw`n, ejlpivdo~ ti e[ti parei`ce ponhrovtera tw`n sfetevrwn e[sesqai, h]n karterw`si proskaqhvmenoi: crhmavtwn ga;r ajporiva/ aujtou;~

ejktrucwvsein, a[llw~ te kai; ejpi; plevon h[dh tai`~

uJparcouvsai~ nausi; qalassokratouvntwn. kai; h\n gavr ti kai; ejn tai~ Surakouvsai~ boulovmenon toi`~ ΔAqhnaivoi~ ta;

pravgmata ejndou`nai, ejpekhrukeuveto wJ~ aujto;n kai; oujk ei[a ajpanivstasqai.

THUCYDIDES VII 47.4–48.2 (a)

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Question 2 (continued)

Explain how Thucydides conveys the intensity of battle in this extract.

Question 2 continues on page 5

(b) xunetuvgcanev te pollacou` dia; th;n stenocwrivan ta; me;n a[lloi~ ejmbeblhkevnai, ta; de; aujtou;~ ejmbeblh`sqai, duvo te peri; mivan kai; e[stin h|/ kai; pleivou~ nau`~ katΔ ajnavgkhn xunhrth`sqai, kai; toi`~ kubernhvtai~ tw`n me;n fulakhvn, tw`n dΔ ejpiboulhvn, mh; kaqΔ e{n e{kaston, kata; polla; de;

pantacovqen, periestavnai, kai; to;n ktuvpon mevgan ajpo;

pollw`n new`n xumpiptousw`n e[kplhxivn te a{ma kai;

ajpostevrhsin th`~ ajkoh``~ w|n oiJ keleustai; fqevggointo parevcein. pollh; ga;r dh; hJ parakevleusi~ kai; boh; ajfΔ eJkatevrwn toi`~ keleustai`~ katav te th;n tevcnhn kai; pro;~

th;n aujtivka filonikivan ejgivgneto, toi`~ me;n ΔAqhnaivoi~

biavzesqaiv te to;n e[kploun ejpibow`nte~ kai; peri; th`~ ej~ th;n patrivda swthriva~ nu`n, ei[ pote kai; au\qi~, proquvmw~

ajntilabevsqai, toi`~ de; Surakosivoi~ kai; xummavcoi~ kalo;n ei\nai kwlu`saiv te aujtou;~ diafugei`n kai; th;n oijkeivan eJkavstou~ patrivda nikhvsanta~ ejpauxh`sai.

THUCYDIDES VII 70.6–7

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(i) Explain why Demosthenes is described as polemiwvtaton.

(ii) How consistent is Thucydides’ judgement of Nicias here with the portrayal of him earlier in Book VII?

End of Question 2

(c) xunevbaine de; to;n me;n polemiwvtaton aujtoi`~ ei\nai, Dhmosqevnh, dia; ta; ejn th/` nhvsw/ kai; Puvlw/, to;n de; dia; ta;

aujta; ejpithdeiovtaton: tou;~ ga;r ejk th`~ nhvsou a[ndra~ tw`n Lakedaimonivwn oJ Nikiva~ prouqumhvqh, sponda;~ peivsa~

tou;~ ΔAqhnaivou~ poihvsasqai, w{ste ajfeqh`nai. ajnqΔ w|n oi{

te Lakedaimovnioi h\san aujtw`/ prosfilei`~ kajkei`no~ oujc h{kista dia; tou`to pisteuvsa~ eJauto;n tw`/ Gulivppw/

parevdwken. ajlla; tw`n Surakosivwn tinev~, wJ~ ejlevgeto, oiJ me;n deivsante~, o{ti pro;~ aujto;n ejkekoinolovghnto, mh;

basanizovmeno~ dia; to; toiou`to tarach;n sfivsin ejn eujpragiva/ poihvsh/, a[lloi dev, kai; oujc h{kista oiJ Korivnqioi, mh; crhvmasi dh; peivsa~ tinav~, o{ti plouvsio~ h\n, ajpodra`/ kai;

au\qi~ sfivsi newvterovn ti ajpΔ aujtou` gevnhtai, peivsante~

tou;~ xummavcou~ ajpevkteinan aujtovn. kai; oJ me;n toiauvth/ h]

o{ti ejgguvtata touvtwn aijtiva/ ejteqnhvkei, h{kista dh; a[xio~ w]n tw`n ge ejpΔ ejmou` ÔEllhvnwn ej~ tou`to dustuciva~ ajfikevsqai dia; th;n pa`san ej~ ajreth;n nenomismevnhn ejpithvdeusin.

THUCYDIDES VII 86.3–5

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In your answer you will be assessed on how well you:

■ demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the text as a work of literature

■ present a logical and cohesive response to the question, supported by relevant examples

Assess the importance of morale as a factor in Thucydides’ account of events at Syracuse in Book VII.

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Section II — Prescribed Text – Sophocles, Philoctetes

35 marks

Translate BOTH extracts into ENGLISH.

(a) ₅₀₀ 4

505

nu`n dΔ, ej~ se; ga;r pompovn te kaujto;n a[ggelon h{kw, su; sw`son, suv mΔ ejlevhson, eijsorw`n

wJ~ pavnta deina; kajpikinduvnw~ brotoi`~

kei`tai paqei`n me;n eu\, paqei`n de; qavtera.

crh; dΔ ejkto;~ o[nta phmavtwn ta; deivnΔ oJra`n, cw[tan ti~ eu\ zh`/, thnikau`ta to;n bivon skopei`n mavlista mh; diafqarei;~ lavqh/.

SOPHOCLES Philoctetes 500–506

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w\ xevne Kefallhvn, ei[qe sou` diampere;~

stevrnwn i{koitΔ a[lghsi~ h{de. feu`, papai`.

papai` mavlΔ au\qi~. w\ diploi` strathlavtai, ΔAgavmemnon, w\ Menevlae, pw`~ a]n ajntΔ ejmou`

to;n i[son crovnon trevfoite thvnde th;n novson…

w[moi moi.

w\ qavnate qavnate, pw`~ ajei; kalouvmeno~

ou{tw katΔ h\mar ouj duvna/ molei`n pote…

w\ tevknon, w\ gevnnai`on, ajlla; sullabw;n tw`/ Lhmnivw/ tw`/dΔ ajnakalouvmenon puri;

e[mprhson, w\ gennai`e: kajgwv toiv pote to;n tou` Dio;~ pai`dΔ ajnti; tw`nde tw`n o{plwn, a} nu`n su; swv/zei~, tou`tΔ ejphxivwsa dra`n.

SOPHOCLES Philoctetes 791–803 (b)

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Read the extracts, then answer the questions that follow. Use the extracts and your knowledge of the text in your answers.

(i) Explain the reference to visitors in lines 317–318.

(ii) Outline the complaint against the Atreidae that Neoptolemus goes on to make.

Question 5 continues on page 9 (a)

320

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CO. e[oika kajgw; toi`~ ajfigmevnoi~ i[sa

xevnoi~ ejpoiktivrein se, Poivanto~ tevknon.

NE. ejgw; de; kaujto;~ toi`sde mavrtu~ ejn lovgoi~, wJ~ ei[sΔ ajlhqei`~ oi\da, su;n tucw;n kakw`n ajndrw`n ΔAtreidw`n th`~ tΔ ΔOdussevw~ biva~.

FI. h\ gavr ti kai; su; toi`~ panwlevqroi~ e[cei~

e[gklhmΔ ΔAtreivdai~, w{ste qumou`sqai paqwvn…

NE. qumo;n gevnoito ceiri; plhrw`saiv pote, i{nΔ aiJ Mukh`nai gnoi`en hJ Spavrth qΔ o{ti chj Sku`ro~ ajndrw`n ajlkivmwn mhvthr e[fu.

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Explain what this extract reveals of Neoptolemus’ character.

To what extent is Philoctetes’ attitude here consistent with that which he displays in the rest of the play?

(b) NE. papai`: tiv dh`tΔ a]n drw/`mΔ ejgw; toujnqevnde ge…

FI. tiv dΔ e[stin, w\ pai`… poi` potΔ ejxevbh~ lovgw/…

NE. oujk oi\dΔ o{poi crh; ta[poron trevpein e[po~.

FI. ajporei`~ de; tou` suv… mh; levgΔ, w\ tevknon, tavde.

NE. ajllΔ ejnqavdΔ h[dh tou`de tou` pavqou~ kurw`.

FI. ouj dhv se duscevreia tou` noshvmato~

e[peisen w{ste mhv mΔ a[gein nauvthn e[ti…

NE. a{panta duscevreia, th;n auJtou` fuvsin o{tan lipwvn ti~ dra/` ta; mh; proseikovta.

FI. ajllΔ oujde;n e[xw tou` futeuvsanto~ suv ge dra/`~ oujde; fwnei`~, ejsqlo;n a[ndrΔ ejpwfelw`n.

NE. aijscro;~ fanou`mai: tou`tΔ ajniw`mai pavlai.

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(c) NE. w\ ta`n, didavskou mh; qrasuvnesqai kakoi`~.

FI. ojlei`~ me, gignwvskw se, toi`sde toi`~ lovgoi~.

NE. ou[koun e[gwge: fhmi; dΔ ou[ se manqavnein.

FI. ejgw; oujk ΔAtreivda~ ejkbalovnta~ oi\dav me…

NE. ajllΔ ejkbalovnte~ eij pavlin swvsousΔ o{ra.

FI. oujdevpoqΔ eJkovnta gΔ w{ste th;n Troivan ijdei`n.

NE. tiv dh`tΔ a]n hJmei`~ drw/`men, eij sev gΔ ejn lovgoi~

peivqein dunhsovmesqa mhde;n w|n levgw…

wJ~ rJa`/stΔ ejmoi; me;n tw`n lovgwn lh`xai, se; de;

zh`n, w{sper h[dh zh`/~, a[neu swthriva~.

FI. e[a me pavscein tau`qΔ a{per paqei`n me dei`:

a} dΔ h[/nesav~ moi dexia`~ ejmh`~ qigwvn,

pevmpein pro;~ oi[kou~, tau`tav moi pra`xon, tevknon, kai; mh; bravdune mhdΔ ejpimnhsqh/`~ e[ti

Troiva~: a{li~ gavr moi teqrhvnhtai govoi~.

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In your answer you will be assessed on how well you:

■ demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the text as a work of literature

■ present a logical and cohesive response to the question, supported by relevant examples

How does Sophocles use the conventions of ancient Greek drama to highlight the moral dilemma at the heart of this play?

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Please turn over

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Section III — Unseen Texts

30 marks

In your translation you will be assessed on how well you:

demonstrate understanding of the text by translating into clear and fluent English demonstrate your understanding of the content and style of the author by selecting vocabulary appropriate to the context

Question 7(15 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet.

Read the extract, then answer the questions that follow.

Question 7 continues on page 13 Awaiting copyright

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(a) What part of speech is eja`n(line 1048)?

(b) What form of the verb is proqeiv~(line 1051)?

(c) Why is e{loi(line 1056) in the optative mood?

(d) Translate the extract into ENGLISH.

(e) Briefly explain how Menelaus’ words indicate his state of mind.

Please turn over duspethv~ difficult

dokou`nta here = dokei`

kraivnw rule over, govern ejcqivwn comparative of ejcqrov~

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Question 8(15 marks) Use a SEPARATE writing booklet.

Read the extract, then answer the questions that follow.

Question 8 continues on page 15 Awaiting copyright In your translation you will be assessed on how well you:

■ demonstrate understanding of the text by translating into clear and fluent English

■ demonstrate your understanding of the content and style of the author by selecting vocabulary appropriate to the context

hJ leiva plunder to; Bouvdoron Budorum

hJ Nisaiva Nisaea (a small island near Megara) stevgw be watertight

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(a) What part of speech is pandhmei; (line 1)?

(b) Of which word is nau`~ (line 7) the direct object?

(c) What part of speech is klh/vsei(line 14)?

(d) Translate the extract into ENGLISH.

(e) What lesson did the Athenians learn from this encounter?

End of paper

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