In 1936 I accepted a permanent employment in the industry under the provisions of the Sugar Act and the Sugar Industry Agreement published therein. This was mainly consumed in the production of the 650,000 tonnes of superphosphate required in the Union.
COSTING OF THE SUGAR INDUSTRY
This must be calculated on the estimated replacement value of buildings, plant and transport divided by the estimated useful life. Seymour said his company had been using this system since the beginning of the year.
TWENTY-SEVENTH ANNUAL SUMMARY OF CHEMICAL LABORATORY REPORTS
In this way, the capacity of the pre-work C is related to the achieved exhaustion of the final molasses. Wheeler, said he agreed that the exhaustability of the final molasses depended on the non-sucrose composition.
ANNUAL WEATHER REPORT FOR 1951
It may be found that the addition of the monthly rainfall in some cases may not equal the totals given for the year. The following table gives the rainfall for 1951 by month against the average for the past 26 years.
ANNUAL SUMMARY OF AGRICULTURAL DATA FOR THE SUGARCANE CROP 1950-1951
The yield per hectare on the South Coast was 19.23 tons, or lower than in 1949, and the South Coast produced only 15.9 percent of the industry's total cane tonnage. In contrast to the area south of the Lower Tugela, Zululand had a really good year, producing an average of 29.05 tonnes of cane per hectare to produce a record 41.2 per cent of the total crop.
SOME NOTES ON THE PROPERTIES OF RAW SUGAR IN CONNECTION WITH DETERIORATION DURING STORAGE
If, for example, if five screens are used, the grain quality of the sugar is characterized by six percentages. The added weight of these fractions should be less than 10% of the weight of the sugar. If rolled grain is present, the results of the sieve test should therefore be supplemented with a.
The results of such a determination for each of the studied sugars are given in Table 3. It is the properties of this film that determine the behavior of the sugar in relation to the surrounding air. The weight of the fractions is expressed as a percentage of the total weight of the sifted sugar.
COIL AND CALANDRIA VACUUM PANS
On the contrary, however, the aforementioned tendency to reduce the grain volume of the calandria pan did not improve its circulation at all. This principle was further developed, and in a paper presented to the 7th Congress of the I.S.S.C.T. An ammeter is provided to check the magnitude of the current passing through the mass.
51 When asked where the predominance of the calandria pans in most of the world comes from, the usual answer is that more square feet of heating surface per cubic foot of pan capacity can be fitted into a calandria pan than into a flush pan. A calandria pan that starts with its entire heating surface under water can use the entire heating surface right from the start of the strike. Since the C-stakes are cooked slowly to achieve a good exhaustion, the ability of the calandria pan to cook quickly is of no use.
In sulfo-defection processes this amount is progressively and positively smaller, as shown in In the acid pre-clarification process, 1,137 tons of cane wax are retained from the precipitates in a cane crop of 600,000 tons. Only 771 tons are saved in the sulfo-defecation process, so 366 tons go to the sugar manufacturing department.
On the plus side, the sulfo-depletion process at high calcification levels in this range shows an increase in apparent purity of 1.4°, with a reduction in total ash and lime salts, but with a 35 percent increase in the amount of filter cake solids substances produced. On these facts the use of Na2C03 in the acid clarification process is not justified. Considering the increase in lime and sulfur, no benefit arose from preliming to 7.0 pH in the acid preclarification process.
NOTES ON JUICE CLARIFICATION AT UMFOLOZI
This point was found to be independent of the amount of lime added or lime mixed. Thus, in Table 1, the increase in lime and sulfur consumption since 1947 is due to the use of hot liming at 10.8-10.9 pH in the second half of the season. It was found that the use of the first part of the described modified sulfiting process5 resulted in a 2% increase.
Duchenne explained the details of a procedure that had been tried in Darnall's laboratory but proved impractical. Duchenne replied that as a general rule, the lower the purity of the juice, the greater the increase. Duchenne said this is due to the higher purity due to the higher pH.
CANE TESTING, WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO THE USE OF THE JAVA RATIO IN NATAL
Similarly, the unripe top part of cane has been found to have an extremely high Java ratio. This fiber has the same effect as the stem fiber in Java Ratio. The cane properties associated with the Java Ratio are, first and foremost, the fiber percentage.
He thought it was a great pity that we did not know the accuracy of the Java Ratio. Douwes Dekker that there were not enough numbers to judge the accuracy of the Java ratio. He also observed that feeding the cephalopod can affect the Java Ratio.
THE DIRECT DETERMINATION OF FIBRE CONTENT OF INDIVIDUAL CANE CONSIGNMENTS
To determine the position of the fracture exactly, a distance E2G2 equal to AB is marked on the record. In such a case, a correction is applied to accurately determine the position of the fracture on the record. Referring to fig. 5, the first step is to determine the stick throughput rate by dividing the weight of the shipment by the loading time shown on the record.
CALCULATION OF THE CORRECTION REQUIRED TO ACCURATELY IDENTIFY THE POSITION OF THE BREAK BETWEEN SHIPMENTS IN THE RECORD. Moberly questioned how the weight of the recovered cane would relate to the exact weight of the original cane shipment. INFLUENCE ON THE SOLUBILITY OF CITRUS 'LANGFOS' WHEN COMPOSTING WITH PRODUCTION WASTE.
THE EFFECT ON THE CITRIC SOLUBILITY OF 'LANGFOS' WHEN COMPOSTED WITH WASTE PRODUCTS OF THE
SUGAR INDUSTRY
Dymond's 1951 series of experiments mainly concerned changes in the citric acid solubility of A ("Langfos") during composting. Dymond responded that based on the numbers he had, there didn't seem to be much fixation in the ground. He said it was known that filter cake gave returns in the soil, but it was not entirely clear why.
He said the factors in the P2O5 content of the filter cake were the amount of phosphate used in the factory processes and the amount naturally occurring in the liquid. He said that superphosphate remained at the top throughout the experiments, not only in cane yield per hectare, but in the amount of phosphate taken up by the cane. The amount of rock phosphate closely mixed in the filter cake will equal the plant yield of the actual application of superphosphate to the soil.
THE RECOVERY OF WASTE PRODUCTS
The compost should not be walked on to prevent particles from accumulating. The size of the cell is determined by the amount of raw materials processed daily. He said the pH of the compost pile might have some influence on this.
Dymond replied that this could be overcome by covering the last layer of compost with fresh farmyard manure, urine-impregnated sawdust, filter cake or semi-mature compost. Any maggot that emerges through the false bottom of the cells can be easily flushed into the well and returned to the cell during the construction process. The system had not yet been used anywhere in the world, but it did have possibilities.
SOME ASPECTS OF SUGAR CANE BREEDING IN MAURITIUS
These areas, totaling about 20,000 acres, are located mainly in the central and south-eastern districts of the colony. They are placed on the female arrows in the field when the first flowers begin to open. The number of seedlings planted in a field varies slightly from year to year, but usually around.
Planting one-eyed cuttings of a standard variety in the center and side rows of seedling plots has been a routine practice for a long time. Selection is easier at the ratoon stage because of the better growth habit of the seedlings. Brett said the crosses in the field did not seem to be as successful as those in the greenhouse.
FURTHER PROGRESS IN SUGARCANE BREEDING IN NATAL
Details of the seedlings in this series - which will be selected for planting in single lines during the current year - are given in the appendix. On July 20, there were significant differences in the growth of the different groups. Of the two groups kept in the greenhouse during the day, the one exposed to relatively warm conditions at night tended to be elongated, while the other was stunted.
There was also some indication that conditions on the darker side of the greenhouse were less favorable than on the sunnier side for embryonic flower development. During 1949 there was not enough space in the field for all the many seedlings grown. The cross from which the largest number of seedlings was planted in the field appeared later - at the time of the first selection - as also the best.
APPLICATIONS
It should be noted that the average yields from plots under different treatments were relatively equalized in the plant cane crop. In this experiment, both the plant cane and the first plant crop contained litter in the plots, called "burned". By removing the tops, there was a significant reduction in yield in the first crop of ratoon.
Plant Cane First Ratoon Ton Ton Ton Ton Ton of cane sugar cane sugar In the plant cane harvest, fertilizer gave a high. Also in the ratoon crop, fertilizer treatments produce a very significant difference compared to control, and phosphates and nitrogen (PN) are significantly superior to phosphates in the furrow (P). In the Compensation and the Experimental Farm experiments, the effect of a waste blanket had a clear depressing effect on the first ratoon harvest.
INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS
INDEX
The use of sodium hexametaphosphate to prevent calcium oxalate scale formation in evaporators during the production of a solid extract of the bark of the braid, D.
AUTHOR INDEX
