The 29th Annual Congress of the South African Sugar Technologists' Association was held at the M.O.T.H. Proceedings of the 29th Annual Congress of the South African Sugar Technologists' Association, held at the M.O.T.H.
FUNGUS INFECTIONS IN PEOPLE IN THE SUGARCANE BELT
Examination of the stool showed the presence of roundworms, hookworms, tapeworms and some flagellates. I think there can be no doubt about the cause and pathogenicity of the organism in this case.
THIRTIETH ANNUAL SUMMARY OF CHEMICAL LABORATORY REPORTS
SOUTH AFRICAN SUGAR FACTORIES: SEASON 1954-55
The following table shows what share each plant had in the increase in the combined crushing rate. The cross-sectional area and age of the sugarcane variety were taken into account.
THE NEW DARNALL MILLING PLANT
With such high capacities in the grinding plant, the power supply of the carrier became of paramount importance. Difficulties may arise in determining the end point of the methyl orange indicator in the total alkalinity test.
DECOMPOSITION OF SUCROSE IN THE MILLING PROCESS
The slime loss was calculated in relation to the weight of slime present in the grinder. In this paper, the estimation of sucrose degradation in the grinding train was based on the assumption that the measurement of the enzymatic activity was proportional to the metabolic activity of the microorganisms secreting the enzyme. He had already pointed out that this deterioration factor could apply specifically to the activity of the enzyme in the juice sample.
The assumption that the total weight of the slime in Antonowitz's grinding train was 50 pounds, on the basis that the environment of the organisms had changed during the investigations, was, in his opinion, unfounded.
SOME NOTES ON THE SIGNIFICANCE AND THE MEASUREMENT OF pH IN SUGAR FACTORIES
Therefore, the potential difference between the electrode and the solution depends on the ion concentration. The pressure exerted by the solution is not exactly proportional to the ion concentration. This potential change is a function of temperature but is independent of the pH of the test solution.
Douwes Dekker said that the pH of the prepared juice was controlled by the tempering of the juice. The pH of the solution under test is a function of the concentration of dissociated hydrogen ions.
LEEDS AND NORTHRUP LTD
The Effect of Pre-Heating Raw Juice in Simple Defecation
Chemicals
Lime Salts
When applying simple excrement to the first sample, without preheating, 37.6 percent of the total wax was lost. In other words, the mud absorbed only 43.4 percent of the total wax originally present in the mixed juice. Douwes Dekker said he did not want the audience to get the impression that the clarity of a clarified juice is related to the clarity of the mixed juice (from which the clarified juice is prepared) as defined by Axtel and Keller.
In the article by Axtel and Keller, the following data on the clarity of the blended juice and the clarity of the clarified juice are given in relation to a series of tests in which the ratio of solvent to juice was increased. Antonowitz said experience at Umfolosi showed that preheating the sap before liming paid off in terms of clarification.
PAN CONTROL METHOD IN PRACTICE
He said that this document was a continuation of the one written by Mr. Rault, and noted that an emissary invited by the Council had gone to Renishaw to see the pan control instrument in actual working conditions. A boilermaker from another factory who had no experience with the instrument was quite successful in cooking the pan with just the instrument. He said he found that an increase in temperature caused a regular increase in the reading on the instrument.
Elysee said that the machines were tested at Amatikulu, especially due to the introduction of slurry grain, since in this case it was necessary to know exactly at what point to introduce the slurry. Galbraith said an important point in factory management was the sharpening of the 3rd mass calves and he found the machine extremely reliable for this purpose.
REPORT ON THE PERFORMANCE OF A CONTINUOUS SUGAR CENTRIFUGAL MANUFACTURED BY THE ESCHER
WYSS CO. OF SWITZERLAND
This is particularly true of a continuous centrifugal of the type under consideration because of the conditions that:—. b). Effect of viscosity: It is important to keep the viscosity of the products to be treated to a minimum. Perk asked if the perforations of the basket in the continuous machine were larger or smaller than on standard machines.
Bouvet gave the speeds of the standard machines used and said that so far the basket perforations have been greater on the continuous machines. One point he would like to comment on is the high humidity; content of the sugar.
THE TOPPING OF SUGARCANE IN MAURITIUS
During this period, the first pressed juice from the same cane was sampled in the mills. A sample of the first pressed juice was analyzed in the factory laboratory for brix and purity, from which those of absolute juice and "wealth" were obtained. Park said that in Mauritius it is 75 percent; cane was planted after the crop was over.
Dymond pointed out that most of the cane used for planting must go to the mill, and that if only the tops were used, the good cane would go to the mill. Bax said that due to the lack of manpower, this practice has fallen into disuse, except at the beginning of the season.
SOME NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS ON THE FIELD TRANSPORT OF SUGAR CANE
For the larger planters whose crops warrant it, or for the mill-planter estates, a combination of the two systems is recommended, when, according to prevailing conditions, each can be used to its best advantage. He was of the opinion, however, given the conditions described in his paper, that diesel trucks could not be excluded from consideration when efficient, fast and economical road transport was required. Steward said that in all cases the method of calculating the bonus was the same, although in the case of truck loading the bonus had to be divided among a larger number of workers, so that it was possible for one boy not to pull his weight. . a truckload would be paid more than he was entitled to as his share of the total bonus.
Once the author had convinced himself that the two-handle principle, which also included two foot pressure brackets, gave the maximum possible thrust, careful attention was devoted to the design of the cutting edge. This uneven outer shape of the tube appears to aid penetration in hard dry soils.
A NEW PATTERN SOIL SAMPLER
The actual procedure for fabricating the sampler is as follows: Select an 11" length of steel tubing and after checking the tip, set it to a 1\° to 11-° taper and machine back to 9". The actual sampling consists of a two-hand and right-foot push, which uses the weight of the body and the action is accompanied by sharp turning of the sampler from side to side. In all cases, to remove the core, turn the sampler over and tap the tube with the palm of the hand, or give it a sharp blow with a piece of wood.
These minor modifications will not improve or detract from the effectiveness of the tool, but simply add to the comfort of those who use it. The experiments with modified J o h n Innes' compost described in this paper were carried out on sugarcane fuzz and seedlings at the Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute following promising results obtained by the first author with vegetables, flowering plants and tobacco at the Barkly Experiment Station of the Department of Agriculture.
PLANTING MEDIA FOR SUGARCANE FUZZ AND SEEDLINGS
Basalt dust was added to the common soil-fertilizer mixture in the ratio of one part of basalt to two parts of mixture by volume, with a view to improving the physical structure of the common planting medium used for sowing the seed-bearing down. The lack of response to ground basalt is surprising given the good results of field experiments conducted by the Chemistry Department of the Research Institute. It was therefore interesting to see that Mauritius had been working along similar lines and although the authors showed no noticeable difference between John Innes' formula and the ordinary old-fashioned soil fertilizer mixtures as regards germination, the incidence of disease was remarkable. .
Brett said it is advisable to sterilize all the soil used in the flats. It was believed that feeding the beetles could open a path through the knot and allow the rest of the cane to be attacked by the organisms that cause fermentation.
N1TIDULID BEETLES IN SUGARCANE CUTTINGS
Examination, one month after planting, showed that the cane germination with intact buds was good, 39 shoots developed in the control line and. Many of the original sets in the raw series were completely hollowed out by a variety of factors, including feeding bugs. Once the young cane is established, however, the destruction of the original fruit is no longer important.
Rault inquired about the progress made in the experiments carried out with the hot water treatment as regards ratoon stagnation. This period of drought was sufficient to inhibit the germination and growth of weeds.
A SURVEY OF CHEMICAL WEED CONTROL IN SUGARCANE
Recently, amino triazole has shown promise in controlling walnut weed (Cyperus rotundus) in the USA. The presence of perennial weeds presents another problem, and in the Natal sugar belt, nut grass is generally regarded as one of the most troublesome weeds. It is possible to adopt a technique by which cane leaves are protected, and therefore the use of contact herbicides can be extended to any stage of cane growth.
This type offers better penetration of the weed foliage, more selective herbicide placement and better spray drift control than cone blasting. King15 states: "The open furrow promotes sprouting and it is not necessary to till the soil in the reed row in the initial phase.
INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS
