The Twenty Eighth Annual Congress of the South African Association of Sugar Technologists was held at the M.O.T.Il. Proceedings of the Twenty Eighth Annual Congress of the South African Association of Sugar Technologists held at the M.O.T.H.
CONSERVATION IN NATAL
Organized soil conservation work in Natal dates back to the beginning of activities in the Drakensberg area, which was proclaimed in terms of the old Forest and Veld Conservation Act of 1941. Since the passage of the Soil Conservation Act in 1946 and its management by Na Following the split of the Ministry of Agriculture, an important change has taken place in the organizational structure of that ministry itself.
THE NEED FOR A MASTER REGIONAL PLAN
I have no doubt that in the heads of many of the individual technologists there are clear concepts about Natal's future development from the Indian Ocean to the Drakensberg. Effective publicity designed to ensure the understanding and support of all involved in the use of the land was of great importance.
DEVELOPMENT OF THE SUGAR INDUSTRY IN SOUTHERN RHODESIA
Fortunately, their reports were favorable and: the Government agreed to continue the pilot scheme. A preliminary survey showed that about 470 hectares of cane was damaged by the frost, which was worst in the lower-lying fields near the Mill.
A REVIEW OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF BOILER PLANT IN THE SOUTH AFRICAN SUGAR INDUSTRY
Tests were performed by Dr. Medley to determine if there was any difference in the calorific value of the different varieties. There is a (danger) of bypassing some of the heating surface in the heater due to the decrease in speed.
ULTRASONIC DEFECT DETECTION IN SOLID SHAFTS AND ELECTRONIC LOAD MEASUREMENTS
Vertical deviations of the distance line will be caused by echoes from changes in shaft section. The electrical resistance of the wire will depend on its length and its cross-sectional area.
NATAL'S FIRST TURBINE MILL DRIVE
It is mounted on the side of the gear housing and driven by bevel gears through the intermediate gears. Some doubt was felt about the ability of the turbine to start with the mill full, as would be the case after an emergency stop.
TWENTY-NINTH ANNUAL SUMMARY OF CHEMICAL LABORATORY REPORTS
However, of more importance for the duration of the harvest than the average pressure rate per mill (v) is the total crushing rate of all mills (xi) during each season. A second effect clue to the higher moisture is the lower calorific value of the bagasse. However, the most gratifying feature of the rainfall for the year, with the exception of the winter months, was that the rainfall was so well distributed.
ANNUAL SUMMARY OF AGRICULTURAL DATA FOR THE SUGARCANE CROP, 1951-52
Hlabisa now leads all districts by a very wide margin in sugarcane yield per hectare. Lower Umfolozi, with a yield of 26.72 tonnes of sugarcane per hectare, takes second place if we exclude Piet Retief's 32.79 tonnes of sugarcane per hectare, where the total area under sugarcane is still too small to be representative to be. Nevertheless, yields have been fairly consistently good for this variety, averaging 32.50 tonnes of cane per hectare for 736 hectares across the industry.
ANNUAL SUMMARY OF AGRICULTURAL DATA FOR THE SUGARCANE CROP 1952—53
Considering these facts, the average yield of 26.29 tons of cane per acre can be considered satisfactory. The average yield of tons of cane per acre obtained for the industry during the season 1952-53 was 26.29. This district continued to harvest Co.281 to the extent of 69.0 percent of the total area and this variety only averaged 11.75 tons of cane per acre.
SOME NOTES ON THE UTILISATION OF BAGASSE
This is the equivalent price of the fuel value for the entire amount of bagasse produced from one ton of cane. As such, planned plant capacity would be one of the most important. It is a selective solvent for the refining of lubricating oil, is used in the plastics industry, and is one of the potentials.
FERMENTATION IN THE MILLING TRAIN: ITS EVOLUTION, DEVELOPMENT AND INFLUENCE ON RECOVERIES
Where the increase or decrease in the Java ratio coincides with the periods when chlorine was, or was not, applied to the grinding train. One of the essential growth factors for microbial multiplication is the presence of phosphates. The wide fluctuations in the clearness of the clear liquor coincide very markedly with the periods when the application of chlorine to the desalination train was stopped or started.
SOME NOTES ON STARCH IN THE SUGAR INDUSTRY
The evils of starch in sugar production have been mentioned by Haddon4, Feuilherade5, Batch1, Martin3 and others, and as this remains to be investigated, mention will only be made of the following effects of starcli on sugar production, which we hope will be next season to be examined. It is expected that a study will be conducted next season on the effects of starch on sugar production in Natal. McMartin said there may be seasonal variation in the starch content of different varieties, and even at different times of day.
DEVELOPMENTS IN THE APPLICATION OF THE ACID PRE-CLARIFICATION (A.P.C) PROCESS TO PRACTICE
Solids prior to acid clarification show 4.3 tons more protein removed than conventional. This large difference is due to the smaller amounts of chemicals used in the acid preclarification process. Antonowitz was surprised by the small amount of ash that remained in the juice after the pre-acid clarification process.
SOME NOTES ON "TRUE" SEEDING OF VACUUM PANS
One consequence of the elimination of the pan boiler's judgment in graining is that responsibility for final crystal size is shifted from the pan boiler to the plant manager. There are two methods of achieving this: - the dry powder method developed by Alewijn and Honig1 in Java and used in Natal by Steyn2, and the slurry method, developed along slightly different lines by Gillett3 in America, and Pollard4 and Cameron5 in Australia. This means that the grain is very widely separated at the beginning of the strike, and so the pan must be handled most gently at this point.
AN AID TO PAN BOILING
MOLASSES GRAINING AND THE MAGMA SYSTEM UNDER NATAL CONDITIONS
The result was frequent clogging of the suction pipe and loss of time in the vessel due to heating of the magma to boiling temperature. The introduction of the magma system at Umzimkul resulted in an increase in the amount of cooked massecuite per ton of sugar produced. The coarser raw sugar from the magma system assisted in the refining stage of the refinery.
WHITE SUGAR MANUFACTURE AT ENTUMENI MILL
In addition, the syrup was also added to the washes from the post-curers of the first massage. Of particular interest is the fact that the quality of the sugar produced during the second period when melting was stopped was higher than that produced in the first period. In this technique, recrystallization, filtration and a high degree of purification contributed to the quality of the refined sugar, which was produced only from the first boil.
MONOCULTURAL PRACTICES WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO SUGAR-CANE PRODUCTION
Theron referred to the experience of sugarcane areas where a large response to phosphate applications was found in plant cane but not in ratoon. This state of affairs has continued to this day, although soil fertility has improved, as shown by increased yields in recent years. As for the manure cover, he did not think that any material amount of the manure became bound to the soil as humus.
THE HUMAN ELEMENT IN FOOD PRODUCTION
It is simply written to express the author's faith in our country's ability to move forward and become much more productive than it has ever been. It has been found that a number of varieties, particularly N:Co.3I.O, tend to decompose quite badly when immersed in the hot water. In the greenhouse {(b) above) germination is very similar to that in (a), except that the percentage germination is lower.
THE FIRST TEN YEARS OF SUGARCANE BREEDING IN NATAL
The production of area crosses in Natal is likely to be complicated by the development of the technique—. An indication of the present position in sugarcane breeding in Natal may be obtained from the following table:-. The seedlings, which will be tested next season, were grown in 1949 - the first year when more than one. few thousand seedlings were obtained.
THE MOUNTING AND PRESERVATION OF PLANT MATERIAL IN THEIR NATURAL COLOURS
Using a dropper, this adhesive should be run over the parts to be glued together. This must be done when the samples are: available, and then small pieces of Plexiglas must be attached (tip and bottom in such a position that: the sample is fielded in a fixed position. One of the disadvantages of using Plexiglas is the fact that it is quite soft and therefore: scratches quite easily.
MECHANISATION PROGRESS REPORT
Meanwhile, tractors and trailers seem to fill the gap for industry, and while they probably don't achieve the greatest economy of labor, they go a long way toward that and at. at the same time, it provides a very economical means of transport over limited distances. There is still a gap in cane handling between wagons or trailers and S.A. rail trucks. amp; H.'', can be seen to work very efficiently where the quantity of cane justifies them, but it is hoped that some supply company will provide the means of economically handling the quantities transhipped on an individual, private track. He urged that if this committee was working they would again consider centralizing it in some place like an experimental farm, so that growers could easily see what actually worked in the industry; .. there would always be land on which to demonstrate the instruments .. work What is being done now was vital to the industry, but the combination of workshop and land would be even more useful.
THE DEPENDENCY OF THE YIELDS OF CANE ON THE AVAILABLE MOISTURE DURING THE YEAR
However, he believed that the litter blanket helped build organic matter in the soil. All papers for the Congress must be in the hands of the Technical Secretary fourteen days before the meeting. A summary of the main features described in the paper should be given at the end of the paper immediately before the REFERENCES.
INSTRUCTIONS TO AUTHORS
