Contents
Sl. No. Chapter Subject Page No.
1 Acknowledgement i
2 Abstract ii
3 I Introduction 01-02
4 II Review of Literature 03-18
5 III Materials and Method 19-21
6 IV Results and discussion 22-26
7 V Conclusion 27
8 VI Recommendation 28
VII References 29-30
List of Tables
Sl.No. Title Page No.
1 Prevalence and measures of association between
intra-variables in different blood protozoal infections in cattle. 23
2 The strength of association between hemoprotozoal infections
with other variables 24
List of Figures
Sl. No. Title Page No.
1 Blood smears preparation technique 20
2 Babesis bigemina. in thin blood smear
. 25
3 Anaplasma marginale in thin blood smear 25
4 Theileria in thin blood smear 25
List of Abbreviation
% Percentage
< less than
µg microgram
Anim Animal
BCS Body Condition Score
CA Card Agglutination
CFT Complement Fixation Test
DR. Doctor
Dr. Doctorate
Edn. Edition
F Friesian
GDP Gross Domestic Product
IV Intra-venous
J Journal
L Local
mg milligram
N Number of animal
No. Number
pp. Page
S Sahiwal
SC Subcutaneously
spp. Species
USA United States Of America
UVH Upazilla Veterinay Hospital
Vet. Veterinary
VS Veterinary Surgeon
yr. year
PREVALENCE OF SUBCLINICAL
HAEMOPROTOZOAL INFECTIONS IN CATTLE
Roll No: 2003/27 Reg. No: 123 Intern ID: E- 25 Session: 2002 – 2003
Report presented in partial fulfillment for the Degree of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM)
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine
Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Khulshi, Chittagon-4202
June’ 2009
Acknowledgements
The author bends his heads to the Almighty who is omnipotent, omniscient and omnipresent for His endless blessing to conduct this research work for the fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Veterinary Medicine (DVM).
The author desires to express his earnest gratefulness and profound appreciation to the following persons for the accomplishment of this dissertation.
The author convening his gratitude and great appreciation to the venerable internship supervisor DR. Syed Sayeem Uddin Ahmed, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Medicine and Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, for his valuable guidance, suggestion, supervision and encouragements during the entire period of this study to complete health report
The author expresses his earnest gratitude to DR. Sharmin Chowdhury and DR. Krisna Roy, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Pathology and Parasitology, Faculty Veterinary Medicine, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University for their cordial constructive suggestion, supervision during preparation of the report.
DR. Lutfor Rhaman, Veterinary Surgeon (VS), Noakhali Sadar, Noakhali, for his positive s and admirable co-operation for performing this research work.
The author expresses his thankfulness to all the friends of his batch for their co-operation and instructive suggestions.
Last but not least, the author is profoundly grateful to the mother and other family members for their endless sympathies, kind co-operation, sacrifices and prayers.
Author
i
Prevalence of subclinical haemoprotozoal infections in Cattle Abstract
The study was carried out at Sadar Upazila of Noakhali district to know the proportional prevalence of haemoprotozal infections in cattle along with their risk factors. Between November to December’ 2009, a total of 150 bovine blood samples were collected from randomly selected dairy farms (n=12) along with a preset questionnaire to record the different parameters associated with the diseases. Thin blood smears on glass slides were made from the blood of ear vein, fixed in 100% methyl alcohol and stained with Giemsa staining. Microscopic examination revealed that the overall haemoprotozoal infections was 16% where Babesia sp. 9.34%, Anaplasma maraginale 1.33% and Theileria sp. was 5.33% as proportional prevalence in the studied area. Among different risk factors, it was observed that females are more susceptible to blood parasitic diseases. In local X Sahiwal cross bred, the prevalence was 33.33% which showed a good resistance to the blood parasitic infections against Babesiosis (9.34 %), Anaplasmosis (1.33%) and Theiliriosis (5.33%). Cattle of 2.6 to 5 years of age were more susceptible (29.17%) to blood protozoal infection than other category of animals. Nutritional status that is animal having BCS (Body Condition Score) 2.75 - 3, were more prone to the blood protozoal inflections.
Key words: Hemoprotozoal, Babesiosis, Anaplamosis, Theileriasis, prevalence, risk factors.
ii
