SPORTTECH
Technical Textiles-Global Scenario
Market research
• Over the last 15 years there has been a huge increase in participation in active sports all over the world.
• Increase in the participation in sports activity is accompanied by the development of appropriate of sports wear tailored to meet different requirement of different sports.
• It is predicted that expenditure on sports will grow with a CAGR of 8.9%, from US$ 1 billion in 2005 to US$ 6 billion in 2025.
• In the global scenario, Mobiltech, Indutech and Sportech are predominant segments which collectively constitute about 56% of total global consumption of technical textiles.
• Meditech, Sportech , Geotech and Oekotech are smaller size but wiil be the fastest growing segments, over next 3 years.
Market Demand of Sport Tech
Market research
• SPROTTECH: It is one of the branch of Technical Textiles which deals with the textile materials used for the sports and leisure purpose.
• Examples of sport-tech are: aerobic clothing, athletic clothing, football clothing, cricket clothing, games shorts, gloves, jackets, pants, shirts, shorts, socks, sweatshirts, swimwear and tennis clothing, sails, trampolines, camping gear, leisure bags, bikes and rackets, athletic shoes, football boots, gym shoes, tennis shoes and walking boots
What is Sport Tech??
Examples of Sport Tech
What happens when you play sports?
• Move easily.
• Get hot
• Get cold
• Sweat
• Sweat can lead to you getting cold
• Get dirty
• Rubbing
• Possible falls, knocks etc.
• It might rain, windy, sunny, snowy.
• Day and night visibility
• You might need keys or money
What happens when you play sports??
What happens when you play sports?
• The protection/safety functions to protect wearers from adverse weather (wind, rain and snow, etc).
• The comfort function which gives wear comfort (thermo-physiological comfort, skin sensorial comfort, body movement comfort) to wearers
• The exercise function to assist positively improvement of athletic records and attainment of one’s target.
• Aesthetic appeal and high fashion ability.
REQUIREMENTS
Sports wear Sports
Accessories Sports Goods
CLASSIFICATION OF SPORTTECH
• These are the apparels which have performance
enhancement such as moisture management, comfort, anti- bacterial, etc. Eg: Sportswear- Sports shirts, athletic wear, sport shoes, exercise wear, sport Jersey, gloves, etc.
Sports wear
• The sport accessories comprise of nets, turfs, rings, etc which provide requisite playing conditions.
Sports
Accessories
• These are the active sport Items for specific sport like inflatable balls for volley ball football and rugby, hockey sticks, golf club, etc
Sports Goods
CLASSIFICATION OF SPORTTECH
What happens when you play sports?
In sports, previously a traditional apparel textile was used. For that the player has to face so many problems such as:
• Sweating – which stick the fabric with body
• Feeling hot during run
• Improper stretch ability
• Extra weight of the fabric
• Give protection to body skin during fall on the ground
• Inadequate fabric for fluid resistance for swimmer Windproof, waterproof fabric for sailor
• Light weight shoe with proper strength & air circulation
• High tenacity & resistance to abrasion for the skiwear uniform
• Improper gripping of the shoes during run etc.
Problems Occurred Using Traditional Apparel in Sports
Required
• Optimum heat and moisture regulation.
• Rapid moisture absorption and conveyance capacity
• Good air and water permeability
• Prevention of a long term feeling of dampness
• Low water absorption of the layer of clothing facing the skin
• Quick drying fabric to prevent catching cold.
• Pleasant to skin, soft, non-abrasive and non-chafing.
• Dimensionally stable even when wet
• Durable
• Lightweight
• Soft and pleasant touch
• Easy care
• Smart and functional design
Required Properties for Sportswear
Sportswear Required Function 1. Shirts for tennis, volleyball, golf,
football, rugby, base ball uniform, track suits
Sweat absorption, fast drying, cooling
2. Skiwear, windbreaker, rain wear Vapour permeability, water proofing 3. Skiwear, windbreakers, track suits Sunlight absorbing and thermal retention 4. Swimming race and skating costume, ski
jump and downhill skiing suits, cycling costumes
Low fluid resistance (for water and air)
5. Swimwear, leotards, skating costume. Stretch ability, opacity 6.Skiwear, snowboard wear, football and base
ball uniform
High tenacity, heat melt resistance to abrasion
Required Functions On Different Sportswear
Textile Materials Used For Sportswear
• Polymer
• Phase change Materials: Phase Change" materials (PCM)” are being developed for sportswear. This means that they contain a chemical that changes from being a liquid to a gel at around body temperature. These are used in cold weather protect clothing like gloves, boots and hats. The paraffin, which is available in different recipes with various melting points, is referred to the phase change material. When the capsules are heated, the paraffin liquidifies and heat energy is stored. When the environment cools, the paraffin crystallizes again, releasing heat.
Textile Materials Used For Sportswear
• Shape Memory polymers material
• It can remember and retain its shape or return to a previous form. A garment made from these shape memory polymers is able to sense changes in the surroundings environment; and can evaluate intelligently and control its response to ensure the highest level of comfort.
Textile Fibres Used For Sportswear
Polyester, Cotton, Carbon, Lycra
Nylon,Polypropylene Special fibre
• Hygra – sheath-core type (water absorbing polymer
and nylon)
• Lumiac - polyester filaments (0.5 - 2.0 denier per filament) with irregular cross sections
• Dryarn – Recyclable polypropylene micro fibre
Textile Fibres Used For Sportswear
• Killat N - Nylon hollow filament, the hollow portion is about 33% of each cross section of filament which gives good water absorbency and warmth retentive property.
• Roica and Leofeel N – roica is polyether type spandex and Leofeel is soft nylon66.Combination of Roica and Leofeel N in mixed knitted tricot fabric gives soft touch and excellent stretch. Suitable for swimming wear.
• The following fabrics are commercially available for sports wear.such as
• Knitted fabric
• Woven fabric
• Nonwoven fabric
But These fabrics differ in their structure such as entrapped air, pore shape and size, bulk and surface properties etc. For sportswear, knitted fabrics are preferred as these fabrics have greater elasticity and stretch ability compared to woven fabric, which provide unrestricted freedom of movement and transmission of body vapour to the next textile layer in the clothing system.
Layered Fabrics:
• Layered fabrics became common for active sportswear. Two layer or three layer fabrics are most commonly used for thermos physiological regulation and give better performance than single layer fabric.
Types of Fabric used for Sportswear
Figure 1Two layered type fabric structure for active wear
Figure 2Three layered type fabric structure for active wear
In Two layered fabric
Inner layernext to the skin is to wick away the perspiration rapidlyprovides comfort by keeping the skin dry. In this layer, a synthetic material with good moisture transfer properties, e.g.
polyester, nylon, acrylic or polypropylene is used.
outer layer, which absorbs and dissipates it rapidly to the atmosphere by evaporation. A material which is good absorber of moisture, e.g. cotton, wool, viscose rayon or their blends can be used in this layer
In Three layered fabric
Inner layerprovides comfort by keeping the skin dry. Also called base layeror first layer.
Mid layerprovides warmth. Also called insulating layer. The use of superfine or micro fibre yarn enables production of dense fabrics leading to more effective capillary action, with better thermo-physiological regulation
Outer layerprotects from wind and water and also works protection over other two layer.
Types of Fabric used for Sportswear
Sports textile has versatile use. Some uses of Sports Textile are given below
• Sports composites Tents for sports
• Swimming costume
• Sleeping bags
• Sports equipment
• Cycling
• Golf
• Tennis
• Mountaineering, Skiing,
• Cricket, etc.
• Artificial turf
• Ballooning fabrics
• Parachute fabrics
• Sail cloth
• Sports nets
• Sports footwear
APPLICATIONS OF SPORTSWEAR FABRICS
Trade Name of Sports wear
1.Coolmax 9.Watermagic 2.Lumiace 10.Gore-tex 3.Dryarn 11.EntrantGH 4.KillatN 12.SYPMPATEX 5.Triactor 13.ISOFIX–super 6.Dri-release 14. Sport wool 7.Naiva
8.Fieldsensor
Leadin brands available for sports garment
Ck Products
Adidas
Puma
Reebok
Nike
Decathlon
Sport Brand
SPORTS ACCESSORIES
Efficient and durable sporting items providing designated playing conditions for the targeted sports, viz. Artificial turfs, Sport nets, rings etc.
• Manufactured from synthetic fibres, and made to look and perform
like a natural grass surface. Pile fibres of polyethylene, polypropylene, nylon-6 or nylon-6, 6 are knitted as backing using flat-bed knitting
machine
• It was named as ChemGrass and as it was first installed in 1966 at the indoor baseball stadium, the Houston Astrodome in Texas, US
ARTIFICIAL TURF
ARTIFICIAL TURF
Benefits for using artificial turf Risks for artificial Turf
DIFFERENT TYPES OF NET
• Dimensional stability is important - Heat stabilized nettings
• Aesthetic is very important
• Resistance to UV
• Indore nets – F. R. is important
• Antifungal property is often asked
Knotted Braided Twisted knotless
Square Mesh
Diamond Mesh Knotted twisted Ultra Cross
DIFFERENT TYPES OF NETS
Product features
Twine Size (mm)
Color Mesh opening size
Dimensions Side &
Bottom
Material of construction Badminton
nets
0.75 Black 20mm 24 x 2.5 ft Black PVC tape
(width 20 mm + 20 mm)
HDPE, P.P., Cotton &
Nylon
Tennis Nets 3.5 - 45mm 42 x 4 Ft Black vinyl coated
fabric (width
=63mm + 63mm)
HDPE , UV heated- Machine knotted
Volley Ball Nets 3 to 4 - 100 mm 9.5 x 1 Mtr PVC coated fabric
HDPE, P.P.,Nylon Soccer Goal
Nets
7 to 10 - 5 inch 24 x 8 x 6ft - HDPE, P.P.,
Nylon Handball
Nets
- - 4 inch 2 x 3 x 1 mtr - HDPE & P.P.
Cricket nets - - 2 to 3 inches 100 x 10ft,
100 x 12ft, 100 x 15ft
- HDPE & P.P.
SLEEPING BAG
• Sleeping bags are used as protective bags and also like closed blanket with zipper during climbing, camping, hiking etc. Its main object is to protect from chill wind and to provide thermal insulation as well.
• Outer fabric: These are almost exclusively synthetic materials which are windproof and usually have a water-repellent coating
• Inner fabric: Synthetic fabrics (especially Nylon) are used predominantly
• Filling: Weight and pack size, for a given amount of warmth, are two of the key considerations when choosing a filling. The fillings are - Down, Kapok or Synthetics
TENTS
• Pure cotton canvas and polyester cotton blended canvas
(Polyester/cotton 30/70 or 50/50) are the most widely used material for making tents. Canvas cloths of 8-15 Oz per square yard are
generally used for tents.
• The camping tents are generally made of synthetic materials as they have a higher strength to weight ratio. Nylon is a very popular
material
SPORTS GOODS
Textile Material Used For Sports Goods
BOXING EQUIPMENTS consists of Boxing Gloves, Boxing Head Guards, Boxing Pads, Abdominal Guard, Speed Ball, punching Bag etc.
They are made of
• PU laminated / PVC coated fabrics, woven polyester fabric / Nylon fabric.
• PU/PVC coated fabrics are the most commonly used fabrics
Textile Material Used For Sports Goods
Cricket Gloves
• Batting gloves are made of PU laminated fabric.
• Wicket keeping gloves are made of PVC coated fabric as they are subject to more wear and tear.
Helmets
A PVC thermoforming 0.5 mm thick, the edge of which are taped to the foam
material which is polystyrene & PU.
Textile Material Used For Sports Goods
Sports shoes
• PVC and PU fabrics are the most widely used material for sport shoes. They are also known as artificial Leather.
• PU fabrics have the advantage of higher breathability over PVC fabrics.
• The shoe uppers and linings account for 90-95 % of the technical textile components.
Sports shoes are made of three layer
• Upper layer made of woven nylon, PET & leather
• Middle layer of foam
• Inner layer of warp knit fabric or woven
Technology Used for Making Upper Layer Weaving
Inner layer Warp kintting Shoe laces Braiding
