REPETITION AND HESITATION IN DELIVERING
IMPROMPTU SPEECH
A THESIS
Submitted to partial fullfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
By :
MARIA ASTRI HUTABARAT
Registration Number 2111620006
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
DECLARATION
I have accepted my self with university’s policy on academic integrity. Except
where appropriately acknowledge, this thesis is my own work, has been expressed in my own words and has not previously been submitted for assessment.
I understand that his paper may be screened electronically or otherwise for plagiarism.
Medan, July 2015
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Great thank to Jesus Christ, The Almighty, for the immeasurable spirit given to the writer, so that she is able to accomplish this thesis entitled
“Repetition and Hesitation in Delivering Impromptu Speech” as the requirement for achieving bachelor degree at English Department, State University of Medan. Faculty of Language and Arts, State Uniersity of Medan.
Dr. I Wy Dirgayasa T, M.Hum., and Prof. Amrin Saragih, M.A.,Ph.D ,
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Maam Eis Sri Wahyuni, M.Pd., for helping the writer in preparing the
files for the purposes of this thesis.
Beloved parents, Mr. Sakkan Hutabarat and Mrs. Renta Uli
Simanjuntak,S.Pd, Beloved Sisters, Gracety Mely Hutabarat, Heroita Hutabarat, Daud M Hutabarat,M.Pd,. who patiently give support and
motivation to finish thesis and also including their prayers, and endless love for the writer.
All her beloved classmate of English Literature A 2011 especially Tesha
Lidia Aritonang, Lanayot Hutabalian, David Hutabarat, Yohana RJ Sihombing, Christina Manurung, Martha Simanjuntak, July Yohana Zebua, and others that cannot be mentioned all. Thanks for their support,
information, encouragement, and beautiful day spent together.
Without their deep and sympathetic understanding, this thesis could not complate. Over all, the writer hopes this thesis can give abit contribution to the Applied Linguistics. Therefore, comments, critics, suggestions, and advices are accepted from the readers.
Medan, July 2015 The writer,
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ABSTRACT
Hutabarat, Maria Astri. 2111620006. A study of Repetition and Hesitation in Delivering Impromptu Speech. A Thesis. Faculty and Arts, State University of Medan, 2015.
This study deals with the types of repetition and hesitation in delivering impromptu speech. The objectives of the study were to describe the kinds of repetition and hesitation which were used in impromptu speech and why the repetition and hesitation used in delivering impromptu speech. This research applied descriptive quantitative method. The source of data was impromptu speech of English Education class b 2012. Documentarcy recording as the hesitation was more difficult than repetition.
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Pages
1 filled pause, lengthening, false start, repeat/restart and parenthetical remark. Most of people do hesitation in their daily speaking, especially in spontaneous speech. states that the processes of phonological encoding involve turning words into sounds. The sounds must be produced in the correct sequence
and in specific way that is how the muscles of the articulatory system should be moved.
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Most of hesitation occurrence usually happens in spontaneous speaking that must have a lot of information delivered by the speakers to the hearers. The speakers have to think of what information the speaker want to deliver to the listeners spontaneously. In this case, the speakers often make pauses in their speaking in order to recall the information that the speaker have to say. Carrol (2005:115) state that the words of unprepared spoken language are likely to be accompanied by a range of unintentional errors.
And most of the repetition means reiterating the same word or set of words
Thomas (2011) studied, analysis “repeating words in spontaneous speech”
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found that there was repetition in spontaneous speech. Nastri (2008) has done the
some research which is entitled “Using uh and um in spontaneous speech
speaking” in her research, he found the types of hesitation in spontaneous speeech.
The reason why the writer choose hesitation and repetition to be analyzed because the previous research analyzed hesitation and repetition in impromptu speech. It is knows that communication is succesful not when hearers recognize the linguistics meaning of utterances, but when they infer the speaker’s “meaning” from it. The usage of hesitation and repetition also occurs in impromptu speech in a talk because a talk is acctually a real conversation in naturally society.
The impromptu speech that will be seen is about impromptu speech in speech class. It was ever found when studying speaking subject at the 4th semester, our lecturer gave topic, we got different topic each other. When the impromptu speech was found in the examination of speech, still many of us were not able to deliver a speech clearly and our ideas were not unified.
From the decription above, the researcher is interested in conducting
futher analysis Rose’s under the title “Hesitation and repetition in delivering
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B. The Problems of the Study
In conducting a research, the problem of the study must be clearly stated so that the objective of the study. In line with the background, the problems of the study are formulated in the form of a questions as follows :
(1) What kinds of repetition and hesitation are found in delivering impromptu speech?
(2) Why are the repitation and hesitation used in delivering impromptu speech?
C. The Objectives of the Study
The objectives of this study deal with the problems that have been formulated, they are:
(1) to know the kinds of repetition and hesitation found in delivering impromptu speech, and
(2) to know the reasons why repetition and hesitation are used in delivering impromptu speech.
D. The Scope of the Study
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English and Literature Department majoring in English Education 2012 class B at State University of Medan.
E. The significance of the study
Findings of this study are expected to be useful theoretically and practically. Theoretically, the findings of this study can increase the knowledge in linguistics, specifically about the meaning of impromptu speech.
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusions
After analyzing the data and detarmining the kinds of repetition and hesitation in the transcripts of impromptu speech, some conclusion were presented as the followings:
1) In the data analysis, the writer found that filled pause is a kind of hesitation occurance that mostly used in delivering impromptu speech and false start is a kind of repetition occurance that mostly used in delivering impromptu speech. There were 61 utterances of repetition, the result of the analysis showed that two kinds of repetition; 59.01% of false start and 40.59 % of parentherical remark. And 205 utterances of hesitation, the result of the analysis showed that three kinds of hesitation; 28.78% of filled pause, 43.90% of silent pause and 27.31% of lengthening.
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B. SUGGESTION
1) People are suggested learn how to use or utter the impromptu speech in are used.
2) It is advise able that the students of English Department of UNIMED who have studied speaking and ever practiced impromptu speech should practice more in classroom and their daily activity. And the students of English Department are also public speaker will be faced or interected to public speaking are hoped to be able to speak english fluently.
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Carrol, David W. 2005. Psychology of Language. Fifth Edition. New York: Thomson Wadsworth, a part of The Thomson Corporation.
Devito, Joseph A. 1984. Elements of Public Speaking. Second Edition. New York: Harper and Row.
Martin 2010. Hesitation Disfluencies in Spontaneous Speech: The meaning of Um. Electronic of journal Indonesia University of Education. Vol. 03, No. 06 (42-47).
Rose, Ralph L. 2010. Hesitation and Repetition Phenomena and Second Language Development. Tokyo: Waseda University Faculty of Science and Engineering.
Roderick P. Hart. 1983. Public Communication. Second Edition. New York: Random House, Inc.
Steven, Lucas. 2008. The Art of Public Speaking.- 10th Edition. New York. Steven, Lucas. 2011. The Art of Public Speaking.- 11th Edition. New York.
Syaifuddin. 2008. Hesitations Found in Students’ Speeches. Malang: the
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Shofa, Aliyatus. 2008. Hesitation Pauses in Conversational Interaction of the
English Letters and Language Department’s Students at the State Islamic University of Malang. Unpublished Thesis. English Department. The state
Islamic University of Malang, 2008.
