Pengaruh perkawinan di bawah umur terhadap pembentukan keluarga sakinah : studi pada Kecamatan Cakung Jakarta Timur

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PENGARUH PERKAWINAN DI BAWAH UMUR TERHADAP

PEMBENTUKAN KELUARGA SAKINAH

(STUDI PADA KECAMATAN CAKUNG JAKARTA TIMUR)

Skripsi

Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Hukum Islam (SHI)

Oleh :

RIANA MARUTI

NIM : 104044201479

KONSENTRASI ADMINISTRASI KEPERDATAAN ISLAM

PROGRAM STUDI AHWAL AL-SYAKSHIYAH

FAKULTAS SYARI'AH DAN HUKUM

UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI

(2)

PENGARUH PERKAWINAN DI BAWAH UMUR TERHADAP

PEMBENTUKAN KELUARGA SAKINAH

(STUDI PADA KECAMATAN CAKUNG

JAKARTA TIMUR)

Skripsi

Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Persyaratan Memperoleh Gelar Sarjana Hukum Islam (SHI)

Oleh :

RIANA MARUTI

NIM : 104044201479

Di bawah bimbingan:

Prof.Dr.H.Muhammad Amin Suma, SH, MA, MM.

NIP. 150 210 422

KONSENTRASI ADMINISTRASI KEPERDATAAN ISLAM

PROGRAM STUDI AHWAL AL-SYAKSHIYAH

FAKULTAS SYARI'AH DAN HUKUM

UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI

SYARIF HIDAYATULLAH

JAKARTA

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Review Studi Terdahulu

Selama penelusuran penulis, bahwa pembahasan Pengaruh Perkawinan Di

Bawah Umur Terhadap Pembentukan Keluarga Sakinah, telah ada yang membahas

masalah tersebut diantaranya adalah “ Pernikahan Usia Muda Terhadap Pembentukan

Keluarga Sakinah “ oleh Ahmad Hidayat, namun masih terdapat beberapa

kekurangan di antaranya tidak memberikan contoh kasus pasangan yang melakukan

perkawinan usia muda yang dapat membentuk keluarga sakinah. Sedangkan dalam

skripsi yang penulis bahas yaitu “ Pengaruh Perkawinan Di Bawah Umur Terhadap

Pembentuka Keluarga Sakinah “ Studi Pada Kecamatan Cakung Jakarta Timur,

penulis memberikan contoh pasangan yang melakukan perkawinan di bawah umur

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Msjfud Zuhdi, Pengantar Hukum Syariah, (Jakarta: Gunung Agung, 1995), cet. Ke-3, h. 83

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Direktorat jendral Pembinaan Kelembagaan Agama Islam, Ilmu Fiqh, (Jakarta : Departemen Agama, 1984/1985), Jilid II, Cet. Ke-2, h. 156

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Badan Penasehat Pembinaan dan Pelestarian Perkawinan (BP4) Propinsi DKI Jakarta 2005,

Membina Keluaraga Sakinah, (Jakarta: 1991), h. 4

30

Poerwadarminto, Kamus Umum Bahasa Indonesia, (Jakarta: Balai Pustaka, 1976), h.851

31_Ibid

32

(55)

( , +

, , +##

; & & ,

, , +

-& , &

+#0

1

( ,

;

+#/

1 *

, ;

, &

, , ,

) , * ,

+#4

# #6)* &,)&6 *:!# +# #6&'#"

33

Pusat Pembinaan Dan Pengembangan Bahasa, h. 863

34

Hasan Basri, Keluarga Sakinah “membina Keluarga Sakinah”, (Jakarta: Pustaka Antara, 1996), Cet. Ke-4, h.16

35_Ibid

36

(56)

8 2#6

a. ( * *

= 8 ? ,

b. ( &

,

c. = & &; ,

d. < , , ,

e. ( ,

f. = * ,

g. ( ,

h. = * +

3 & 3'0,

* ; ); 2

a. 1 * ,

b. 1 ;

,

c. 1 ; ;

& ,

d. 1 ) ,

* , & ,

37

(57)

e. 1

& ,

f. 1 & & & ;

+

1

K , 2#%

1) 0 &

+ = ' &+

.K60,

+ 1 ,

;+ & ,

+ = & & ,

+ 1 ,

+ ( ,

+ : -,

+ = & ,

+ +

9. 0 " &&

+ ; ,

+ & & ,

;+ : >=',

38

(58)

+ 3 ,

+ 3 &

& ,

+ - +

/. 0 " &&&

+

,

+ 1

& ,

;+ ,

, 1 ; ,

+ : >=(,

+ & ,

+ & +

-. 0 " &:

+ 3 & ,

+ & & & & & ,

(59)

+

,

+ 1 ,

+ 3 & : ,

+ ,

+ = ;

& ,

+ 1 ; +

= !9!#' %#' #6&6#) *:!# +# #6&'#"

1 , ;

; &

& + - ; )

* ;

, +

) +

1 ( ,

& ( ,

(60)

& ( ,

, 2

1) ( & +

2) 8 & ,

+

3) ' :

4)

5) < & &

+#5

7

, ,

, , +0$

Rumah tangga yang sakinah, baik secara lahir maupun batin dapat merasakan

ketentraman, kedamaian dimana segala hajat lahir dan batin terpenuhi secara

seimbang, serasi dan selaras.

1

& & ,

& ) + 1 ,

, , +

39

Hasan Basri, Keluarga Sakinah, h. 24-24

40

(61)

.

/

'%&,& $!$ #6!'+ #6# )# &$!

1 ; < * 6 1 , ,

1 ! , 1 7 * , 1 ' ,

1 < 3 , 1 < = , 1

, 1 ' & +0.

! ' - 1 ; < ".6"#4 *

"$$4/0 * , /6/# * 1 ' & , %/4$ *

1 & , .#60 * %5/ *

3 + ! * 1 ; < &

, & +0"

* ; &

&

41

Abdul kodir Kordinator Tata Usaha KUA Kecamatan Cakung, Wawancara Langsung, Cakung, 6 juni 2008.

42

(62)

+ ; K

2

= .+ - = ' 1 1 1 ; <

! =

& ' !

. -K .0.

" 'K /./

# >=(K .5$0

0 ( ..0

/ .6$

2 > & ' 1 * 1+ -?'(A ! = 1 ( < "$$6+

= *

' < >=( .5$0 *

44,5I, ' /./ .%,.I,

.6$ /,56I,

- .0. 0,5I,

( ..0 0,$I "%00

(63)

- ' & &

+

< ,

* 2

= "+ - ! ' 9 < ! =

& ' !

. = K K 3 .6$

" ' * K 1 * .%5"

# (37 0.

0 ' K 9 * 4%6

- 2 > & ' 1 * 1+-?'(A ! = 1 ( < "$$6+

= * '

< & ' * K 1 * , .%5"

(64)

"0,4I, K , .6$ 4,. I+

(37 0. .,/I+

) *

< ; , ;

+ - , *

;

+

1 ; <

(65)

= #+ - ' 1 ; < ! =

& ' !

. .$/

" & ..

# ' "

0 3 1 & %

/ & -K 'K %%

4 ( (37 /

6 = & 6

- 2 1 & -?'(A ! 1 ( < "$$6+

-1 ; < , & , & ,

+ &

, &

* +

; & &

9 1 ; < ; +

( & ' ; /$

(66)

&

& +0#

1 ( < ' *

1 ( +

) 1 (

) , 3')0

* ; );

* +

3 * * ; + ( (:

1 ( ; ,

1 & ( ! = *

) &+ .

= .560 = ' * , - & &

44,5I >=(K +00

1 , 1 ( 1 ;

< )

) *

43

.Acmad Fauzi Kepala KUA Kecamatan Cakung, Wawancara Langsung Cakung , 6 juni 2008

44

(67)

) &+. = .560 =

' * , +0/

'#:&,&, * 6#7&'#' & #7#" $! & *>#$#)#' #6!'+ #6# )# &$!

(

+ - ( )F *

; ) ,

+

>

* & *

, ; .4 * .5

+

* )

*

) )

* +04

45_Ibid

46

Instruksi Presiden RI No 1 tahun 1991, Kompilasi Hukum Islam, Direktorat Pembinaan Badan Peradilan Agama Islam, Direktorat Jendral Pembinaan Kelembagaan Agama Islam,

(68)

) * ; )

+ ' ;

+ ( ;

* ;

) +

( ) * *

* ; *

) + (

' ( +06

1

* * , 1 &

( < *

& ) ,

) &+ . .560

* + * &

' ( *

+

; , ,

; 1='

* * +

47

(69)

* * ; ; & 7=

$$%K$0 2

* ( ! (

5 *

1 ! $ 1

! -;

3 * * ; 1 &

( 1 ; < ! = ' * ' ;

4 "$$%, *

! "$$6

- "$$6 "%00 .$$)"#$ +

( ! ; 0#4

+

* - 1 & ( 1 ; < ! +

,

* 2

= 0+ - 1 * 1 ; < "$$6

= O .5 .5)"0 "/)#$ P #. !

48

(70)

"$$6 6 .0.$ ."#4 .5. "%00

- 23 , = , < 7 1 ; < ! = "$$6

= /+ - 1 * 1 ; < "$$6

=

O.4 .4).% "$)"0 "/)#$ P#.

!

"$$6 ) #4% .60% 4"" .$4 "%00

- 23 , = , < 7 1 ; < ! = "$$6

= * *

6 & , *

* * , *

3 , = , < 7 =<7

* ;

<

! = +

3

1 ; < .$$ ".6"#4 *

(71)

7= $$5 7* $0, & .$$ & +

2

= 4+- *

= O .5 .5)". "")#$ P #. !

"$$6 .4 I #" I 0$ I ." I .$$I

- 2 ( 8 ' .$$ 9 <

! = = "$$6

= 6+- *

= O .4 .4)". "")"/ "/)#$ P #. !

"$$6 .# I 0% I ".I .4 I " I .$$ I

- 2 ( 8 ' .$$ 9 <

! = = "$$6

= 4 * * *

1 ; < , .4 & .4I

* *

: 6 . ) &+. = .560

* .5 #" & #"I

: &

* 4 " ) &+.

(72)

6 * *

* 1 ; < .# & .#I

* *

* : 6 .

) &+ . = .560 = ' * .4

* /% & /%I *

: & *

4 " ) &+ . = .560 =

' * ; ". +

3 ) , 3

= < 7 *

* * , 6

& * * + 1

* ;

< , * * *

; .4 & .# & * +

= %+ - 7 = +

1 7 =

3 < =

= &

!

! %0 I 6I 5I .$$I

- 2 ( 8 ' .$$ 9 <

(73)

= ,

%0 I, 7 ;

3 6 I 7 = & 5 I+

* * ; =

* ;

2

5 * %"

!

* %0 1 1

05 ₊

= 5+

-- - ' ( '= =

&

!

5 I "" I 0" I .5 I % I .$$ I

.4 I "" I #4 I .. I ./ I .$$ I

- 2 ( 8 ' .$$ 9 <

! = = "$$6

= ,

- 5 I, ' "" I, (

49

(74)

0" I, ' = Q5 I &

5 I,

- .4 I, ' "" I, ( #4 I,

' = .. I & ./ I+

= .$+ - ( 8 & &

(

& &

'

(

< - & &

! 04 I #5 I ." I # I

- 2 ( 8 ' .$$ 9 <

! = = "$$6

= & &

1 ( 04 I, ;

#5 I, & & ." I # I+

3 ) , 3

= < 7 *

* * , 6

& * * + 1

(75)

< , * * *

; .4 & .# & * +

' ; & ,

+

; & K

; ,

* +

* , ( ) 52

`a, $

.+

*b V S

*M Xc

M

, 6

F, M

1

, $

* 8

*" "ﺱ

+

:

90

520

( 2 1 1

, ! . <

( ;

* * *

* + (

* * & <

(76)

* *

+

'#:&,# *'+# !" * 6#7&'#' & #7#" $! * "#%#; *$<*')!6#'

*:!# +# #6&'#"

#,!,

, "# + &

.# ./

;

* .555 & ,

& & +

* 6 +

; ;

+ ( ;

+ 1

&

#,!,

- * , "5 + &

& .550 ./ +

3

. & .5 & &

(77)

,

& & , ;

+ (

) , ;

4 * "$$$+ 1

- * &

#,!,

A , "# + & "$$$+

A ./ . +

" = + '

A ,

+ '

+

; &

+ A

;

& , A

" -+

#,!, .

= , .5 + "$$/ ',

(78)

(+ ' * ;

; 1 ( + = &

, =

; + ( ;

"$$6+ 1 = +

#,!, .

, "/ + ' ./

*

, *

.55%+ / * ,

& +

, *

+

#,!, .

7& #5 0% ,

"6 * +

/ & " & +

1 & & ,

* ) * *

* ,

+

(79)

"$ "" ,

0 ,

; &

+ 1 & &

+ 1

& # +

* * *

*

= *

* * *

+ ( ; );

* *

* & , *

* * & &

, , *

; & +

- * * ;

* *

* * , &

& ,

(80)

'

+ ' & &

& + - *

& +

- &

* *

8 ? + - *

* * &

,

+

(

+ <& &

,

; )

& +

1 & & &

;

+ >

& ; ,

(81)

, *

* 1 ./

. 2

, * &

; & ;

6 ) &+. .560 = ' *

; & ) .5 ; & )

(82)

.

- )

, &

) ,

2

.+ 6 . ) &+ . .560, &

& * ; .5

& * .4 +

&

* + ( )F )

) + =

* ) )

"+

*

) &+ . = .560 * ; &

(83)

* * ;

; +

6 . ) &+ .

.560, & & *

; .5 & * .4 +

! * ) &

) &

; * *

+ 9 , & ; ".

: & & +

3 ". & : &

2

8 1

94 ' 1 &+ .K.560 ' 4

"

# ' ' * * 1

,

9 * ;

* *

*

(84)

2

9 * *

,

; ;

* *

) +

) 2

.+ 1 , & ,

* * ;

+ B *

, *

; & ; )

; * +

"+ 1 & & , ,

; & ,

* *

; * +

; &

(85)

#+ 1 1 ,

1 ; 1 & ( +

*

+ ;

(86)

0

+ 0

( 1, +0 = 5 (1 + ! 2 ' ( ,

+

( ) , +3 & ! 2 3 3 , .56/+

3 ' ' ' ' * 3'0 + (

" ( ! 0 + ! 2 '

( , .554, < + 1 )0+

3 , + 0 " ( 0 " ! 2

' ( , .554, < + 1 )0+

- +3 3 0 0 8& 2 >''1

1 ', .564+

- & ! ' 1 ( +& > 7 + !

2 - ( , .5%0K.5%/, ! , < + 1 )"+

, + 3 & 1 ( 3

+ ' , 3 2 , .55$, < +

1 ).+

& &, 7 + 3 1 1 3 5 5 +

8& 2 A , .5%5+

(87)

; , 1 + & 3 ! 2 3

3 , .55#, < + 1 )#+

, (+ " 3 & 1

2 ' K*9 *

3 * , .550+ < + 1 ).+

& !& &, & &+ 3 ' ' ! 2 <L

, .5%6, < + 1 )4+

, - N +> 7 ( 2 - , .55#, < + 1 ).+

' , B+ - , 9 & &+ 3 3

8 < +1 )., ! 2 )<-, .5%6+

' ' ' 3 + 0 5 5

& 1 ! 2 3 ' , .55.+

7 7 , + $ ( + ! L, .#"/+

, 7+ - = & & &, 7+ 0 + ! 2 ' ' ,

.554+

, ( , ( 0 " ( ! & 1

9?9? 2 3' 0, .556+

, :* + 7 ( ( ! 2

(88)

8 , + 3 & ! 2 '=

( , .554, < + 1 )./+

@ , ( +8 > 7 + 1 & 2 - ) ( , +

@ , )3 , ( + & ! 2 3

3 , .556+

@ , , (+ 3 + = , )3 , .556, < + 1 ).+

(89)

'+6*) !')!6 # +# #6!'+ ) %#' ) 7

& & ( ,

+

2

( 2

3 R * , &

* * +

.+ ' E

2

+O .5 + .5)". ;+ "")#$

+ P#.

2

+ O .4 + .4)". ;+ "")#$

+ P #.

"+ 3 E

+ 3 + < ;+ , &

(90)

+ - + ' ;+ ( + ' =

0+ ( & & & E

+ + ; ;+

/+ & E

+ O .4 + P .4 ;+ O "/ P

"/

4+ , & &

* E

+ ' (

+ <

;+ - & &

+ >

6+ ! , E

+

+ * ;

;+ * &

(91)

' ' 9 * ; =& &

7 $$%, $$5 7* $0

2 ; &

K= 2 , . ! "$$%+

9 2 .6+$$ K .6+#$

= 2

-! 2 1 7=

( 2 ! + '+ & 7 $$% 7* $0 &+".

4 *

3 1 !

4@ * .5 +

9 5

*

1

; , * ,

& + ; )

; * * +

/ ( 1

(92)

& ,

& ;

,

; +

-*

, * +

A (

*

* * &

) *

; & & ,

(93)

' * * ; 8

* * ;

(94)