AN ANALYSIS OF SAYURI S BEAUTY CONCEPT AS A GEISHA IN ROB MARSHALL S FILMMEMOIRS OF A GEISHA
THESIS
By: EFI ZUBAIDAH
09360209
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
AN ANALYSIS OF SAYURI S BEAUTY CONCEPT AS A GEISHA IN ROB MARSHALL S FILMMEMOIRS OF A GEISHA
THESIS
By: EFI ZUBAIDAH
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
AN ANALYSIS OF SAYURI S BEAUTY CONCEPT AS A GEISHA IN ROB MARSHALL S FILMMEMOIRS OF A GEISHA
THESIS
This thesis is submitted to meet one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education
By: EFI ZUBAIDAH
09360209
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
MOTTO AND DEDICATION
Sesungguhnya Allah tidak memandang kepada rupa dan
harta kalian, dan akan tetapi Ia memandang kepada hati dan
amalan kalian .
Kunshi wa hitori o tsutsushimu
The great people always keep their behavior
even there is no one else around him
This thesis is dedicated to:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Alhamdulillah, praise be to Allah SWT, the Merciful and Charitable. Because of the guidance, blessing, and effection, the researcher can finish the thesis entitled An Analysis Of Sayuri s Beauty Concept As a Geisha In Rob Marshall FilmMemoirs Of A Geisha. Also may sholawat and salutation always be given to the last messenger Muhammad SAW.
The researcher would like to express her deepest gratitude to Dr. Sri Hartiningsih, M.M and Riza Elfana, M.A for their kindness in giving suggestions, invaluable guidance and advice during the consultation period, and their comments and corrections during the completion of this thesis.
Morover, she would like to dedicate this thesis to her beloved and wonderful parents, Sambudi and Nampi, who always become her inspiring people to do the best in every chance she gets, and also her brothers (Ahmad Nawawi, Ahmad Sururi, Mashuri and Suhadak).
Finally, a special thank goes to her close friend Ipong who always accompanies her in doing the thesis, and all of her SMABA buddies (Rizki Kartika, Rizka, Ria, Tita Suci, etc) and for D class buddies (Rizka, Eva, Ibrahim, Silvi, Eka, etc) for their encouragement, love, care, and pray so that she can finish this thesis
Malang, July 29, 2013
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.1 Background of Study. ... 1
1.2 Statement of Problems. ... 5
1.3 Purpose of Study ... 5
1.4 Significance of Study ... 6
1.5 Scope and Limitation ... 7
1.6 Definition of Key Terms. ... 7
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE... 9
2.1 Literature ... 9
2.2 Film ... 11
2.2.1 Types of Film ... 12
2.2.2 The Similarities and Differences Between Drama and Film ... 14
2.2.3 Element of Film ... 18
2.4 Kinds of Beauty ... 25
2.5 How to be Beautiful ... 27
2.5.1 How to Get Mental Beauty ... 27
2.5.2 How to Get Physical Beauty... 29
2.6 The Effects of Beauty... 32
2.6.1 The Positive Effects of Being Beautiful ... 32
2.6.2 The Negative Effects of Being Beautiful... 34
2.7 Geisha ... 36
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 38
3.1 Research Design... 38
3.2 Approach ... 39
3.3 Object of The Study ... 43
3.4 Data Collection... 43
3.5 Data Analysis ... 44
CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 45
4.1 Research Findings ... 45
4.1.1 Kind of Sayuri s Beauty Concept ... 45
4.1.2 Sayuri s Applying Her Beauty Concept... 49
4.1.3 The Effect of Sayur s Beauty Concept to Her Life ... 60
4.2 Discussion ... 69
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTIONS ... 74
5.1 Conclusion ... 74
REFERENCES
REFERENCES
Abdulrazak, Mahdi & Deantonis, Gioia Jin. 2011. 10 Pleasure and Pain of Being Beautiful. Available Online: http://www.spring.org.uk/2011/08/10-pleasures-and-pains-of-being-beautiful.php (Accesed on Friday, 28 of January 2013, 08. 04 P.M)
Arp, Thomas & Johnson, Greg. 2006. Literature Structure, Sound, and Sense, Ninth Edition. USA: Thomson Wadsworth
Bennet, Andrew & Royle, Nicholas. 2004. Introduction to Literature, Critism and Theory.Great Britain: Pearson Longman
Bogdan, Robert C & Biklen, Sari K. 2007. Qualitative research for EducationAn Introduction to Theory and Methods. United State: Person
Correy, Melinda & Ochoa, George. 2002. The American Film Institute Desk Reference. United States: A stronesong Press Production.
Crawford, Mary & Unger, Rhoda. 2004. Women and Gender, A Feminism Psychology. United State: The MC Graw-Hill Companies
Culler, Jonathan. 1997. Literary Theory: A Very Short Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press
DiYanni, Robert. 2004. Literature. Reading Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and Essay.United State: The MC Graw-Hill Companies.
Echols & Shadily. 1989. AnIndonesian-English Dictionary. USA: Cornell University Press.
Geffen, Anthony (Producer) & Sutherland, Janice (Director). 2006. The Secret Life of Geisha.London: BBC Worldwide Limited
Geng, Albert. 2012.Two Kinds of Beauty. Seminar File.
Jahn, Manfred. 2003. A Guide to Narratological Film Analysis. Available Online: :http://www.uni-koeln.de/~ame02/pppf.htm (Accesed on Saturday, 24 of November 2012. 09.30 PM)
Jin, Jin. 2011.The Discourse of Geisha: In The Case of Memoirs of a Geisha. Japan: Lund University
Johnston, William. 2005. Geisha, Harlot, Strangler, Star. New York: Columbia University Press
Kennedy, X. J. 1983. LITERATURE.An Introduction to fiction, poetry, drama. Canada: Little, Brown and Company (Canada) Limited
Koesnosoebroto, Sunaryo Basuki. 1988. The Anatomy of Prose Fiction. Jakarta: Depdikbud Dirjen Dikti
Madden, Frank. 2007. Exploring Literature. Writing and Arguing About Fiction, Poetry, Drama, and the Essay. New York: Logman
Meyer, Michael. 1990. The Bedford Introduction to Literature Second Edition. Bedford: St. Martin s Press
Mills, Sara.1997. DISCOURSE. USA and Canada: Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data
Phythian, B.A. 1988. A Concise Dictionary of English Idioms. 4th Edition. London sydney: Hodder and Stoughton.
Ridwan, Nia. 2012.Cantik Tanpa Nyandu Kosmetik. Jogjakarta: Laksana. Rossett, Allison & Sheldon, Kendra. 2001.Analysis. Available Online:
http://www.nwlink.com/~donclark/analysis/analysis.html (Accesed on 24 of November 2012. 09.00 PM)
Salim, Peter & Salim, Yenny. 1991. Kamus Bahasa Indonesia Kontemporer. Jakarta: Modern English Press
Schmidth, Bogarad, & Crockett. 2006. Legacies: Fiction, Poetry, Drama, Non-Fiction Edition. USA: Thomson Wadsworth
1
✁✂✄☎ ✆✝✞
✞✟☎✝✠✡☛ ☎✞✠ ✟
This chapter focuses on some discussions about background of the study,
statement of the problems, purposes of the study, significance of the study, scope and
limitation, and definition of key terms.
☞✌ ☞ ✍✎ ✏✑✒✓✔ ✕✖✗✔f the Study
Literature is human expression with a symbolic written form of words which
is designed to develop their immagination. As Paul Valery in Koesnosoebroto states,
Literature is, and cannot be anything but, a kind of extension and application of
certain properties of language (1988: 1). Besides, Bennet and Royle state,
Literature is the kind of writing which most persistently and most provocatively
engages with the uncanny aspects of experience, thought and feeling (2004: 35).
On the other hand, literature is language in which the various elements and
components of the text are brought into a complex relation (Culler, 1997 :29). The
world which is created by the author s imagination can be formed in the poem, novel,
and drama. All of them are the fictions which are separated from the reality.
Concerning with Culler s opinion that literature has a special relation to the world a
2
imagination. The literary work is a linguistic event that projects a fictional world
which includes speakers, actors, events, and an implied audience (1997: 31).
There are some literary works which can be elaborated into deep analysis.
They are novel, short story, poetry, and drama. Drama is one of the literary works and
one of the collecting dialogues that presented by the actors on the stage in front of the
audience. Film is one kinds of drama, but it is not presented on the stage in front of
audience like drama. According to Jahn (2003), film is a multimedial narrative form
based on a physical record of sounds and moving pictures.
Jahn (2003) asserted that film script is a text containing a film s action
narrative and dialogue. A film script is either a recipe for making a film or a written
record of a finished film. Related to the genre, film is both a narrative and a
performed genre. It is assumed that film is a performed genre that comes to life in
performance. Like watching a play, watching a film is a collective public experience
and social occasion. Since film is a narrative genre, it is related to a textual form; and
script film is considered as a textual form. Jahn (2003) said that script film is also
considered as a text. While drama, according to Arp and Johnson (2006: 1027) like
prose fiction, makes use of plot and characters, develops themes, arouses emotional
responses, and may be either literary or commercial in its representation of reality.
Thus, film analysis can build an interesting relationship between text and
3
In this study, the film is analyzed as one of the literary works it offers many
valuable lesson, message and interesting story. ✘ ✙✚✛✜✢ ✣ ✛✤ ✥ ✦ ✙✜ ✣✧ ✥ film was set in
Japan during the Showa Era, tells the story of Chiyo Sakamoto (portrayed by Suzuka
Ohgo as a child and by Zhang Ziyi as an adult), a poor, young Japanese girl who has
been sold along with her older sister Satsu into a life of servitude by her parents when
she is nine years old. Chiyo is taken in by the proprietress of a geisha house, Mother
(Kaori Momoi), but Satsu is rejected and is sold to another house in the "pleasure
district" of the Hanamachi. At the okiya (geisha house) she meets another young girl
named "Pumpkin" (Youki Kudoh). Both girls are sent off to geisha school, but Chiyo
dishonors the okiya by attempting to run away with her sister. Instead of training to
become a geisha, she is given manual labor to do to pay off the debt of her purchase.
Chiyo also has numerous unpleasant run-ins with the okiya's senior Geisha
Hatsumomo (Gong Li). Chiyo grows as an adult Sayuri and being a popular Geisha
with so many challenging being a popular Geisha.
✘ ✙✚✛✜✢✣ ✛✤ ✥ ✦ ✙✜ ✣✧ ✥✤✜★✚ is chosen as the research object because of several
considerations. First, ✘ ✙✚✛✜✢✣ ✛✤ ✥ ✦ ✙✜ ✣✧ ✥ by Rob Marshall s film could reflect
woman concept of beauty. This film tells the struggle of a woman who fight and learn
about all aspects of geisha life. She learns how to be beautiful woman, and admired
by many people. Geisha is seen as a woman of high social class who looks beautiful,
elegant and behavioral. And everyone has different opinion about the concept of
4
famous Chinese actresses, reached the domestic box office of 5.7 million dollars and
the oversea box office of 10 million dollars. Furthermore, there has been a tourist
boom in Japan since the launch of this film, including a growing visitor numbers to
Japan and the increased interest with a raft of product themed around geisha and the
film, and also✩ ✪✫✬✭✮ ✯✬ ✰✱✲✪✭✯ ✳✱ film as controversies and achieved more than just
commercial success. It was nominated for six Oscar Awards, and eventually won
three of those: Best Costume Design, Best Art Direction, Best Cinematography (Jin
Concept, 2011).
Then, based on the literature consideration, it is considered that this story is
very interesting to be watched and to be read, because this film was full of
challenging of life, tell about Sayuri s struggles to survive in her life, until her life
itself brings her to become the most popular Geisha, in the process making a lot of
enemies, hence this story tends to show plot, character, and action more.
So, analyzing the content of the story will deliver, especially studying on the
main character, Sayuri s beauty concept as geisha in Rob Marshall film✩ ✪ ✫✬ ✭✮✯✬✰✱
✲✪✭✯✳✱. Moreover, we can know deeply the concept of beauty. Everyone has different
opinion about the concept of beauty, and how to learn to be a beautiful woman.
An analysis on Sayuri s beauty concept as a Geisha in Rob Marshall film
✩ ✪ ✫✬✭✮ ✯ ✬ ✰ ✱ ✲ ✪✭✯✳✱ has never been studied before. This film is a rich source of
research to be conducted as it contributes new nuance for study in the field of
5
where the language is used. Every culture has different nation on particular concept,
to name beauty for instance. Beauty is defined differently across languages and
cultures. Beauty does not only represent physical appearance but is from within as
well. This research focuses on studying Sayuri s beauty concept in Japanese setting
with the help and conversation analysis in this film.
1.2 Statement of the Problems
Considering the points discussed in the background of the study, the problem
that will be discussed are formulated as follows:
1. What kind of Sayuri s beauty concept as Geisha in Rob Marshall s film
✴✵✶✷ ✸✹✺✷ ✻✼✽✵ ✸✺ ✾✼?
2. How does Sayuri as Geisha apply the beauty concept in Rob Marshall s film
✴✵✶✷ ✸✹✺✷ ✻✼✽✵ ✸✺ ✾✼?
3. How does Sayuri s beauty concept affect her life in Rob Marshall s film
✴✵✶✷ ✸✹✺✷ ✻✼✽✵ ✸✺ ✾✼?
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The writer states the purpose of this study in order to achieve a good result.
The purposes of this study are:
1. to identify the kind of Sayuri s beauty concept as Geisha described in Rob
6
2. to explain how Sayuri as Geisha applies the beauty concept in Rob Marshall s
film✿ ❀❁❂ ❃❄❅❂ ❆❇❈❀ ❃❅ ❉❇
3. to elaborate how Sayuri s beauty concept affects her life in Rob Marshall s
film ✿ ❀❁❂ ❃❄❅❂❆❇ ❈❀ ❃❅ ❉ ❇
1.4 Significance of the Study
This section explains about the importance of this study. In writing this study,
the writer hopes the expected result. In this case, this study can give advantages such
as:
1. For students, this study can give additional sources and information for
studying literature and analysis a film besides, this study can be the
motivation and inspiration for doing the next research.
2. For lecturers, this study can give additional references in the field of literature
and about beauty concept.
3. For the reader generally can give the additional information about Sayuri s
beauty concept in Rob Marshall film ✿ ❀❁ ❂ ❃❄❅ ❂❆ ❇ ❈❀ ❃❅ ❉❇ that full of
challenge to be fight and struggle in the life.
4. For the writer, this study can give the new knowledge about Sayuri s beauty
concept in Rob Marshall film ✿❀❁❂❃❄❅ ❂ ❆❇ ❈❀ ❃❅ ❉❇ related with the research
7
1.5 Scope and Limitation
In conducting this study, there are many topics that can be discussed in this
film, but the scope of this study is the beauty concept which is found in Robb
Marshall s film❊ ❋● ❍■❏ ❑❍▲▼◆❋■❑❖ ▼ and the limitation of this study is Nita Sayuri
as the main character with the focus on discussing the kind of Sayuri s beauty
concept as a geisha, how she applies her beauty, and the effect of her beauty in
❊ ❋● ❍■❏ ❑❍ ▲▼◆❋■❑❖▼Film.
1.6 Definition of Key Terms
In order to understand and to avoid misunderstanding on the concept of this
study, it is given short explanation of essential terms, as follows:
1. An analysis: the study we do in order to figure out what to do
(Rossett & Sheldon: 2001).
2. Sayuri: the main character or main protagonist in Rob Marshall
film❊❋● ❍ ■❏❑❍ ▲▼◆❋■❑❖▼P
3. Beauty Concept: an expression for the aesthetic of the face and body, it is
usually for women and also it is associated with such
harmony of a people s characteristic, mind,
personalities and talent. (Peter Salim & Yenny Salim,
8
4. Memoir: presents the remembrances of a public figure and the
events of an historical era (Schmidt, Bogard, and
Crocket, 2006, 1437)
5. Geisha: a highly skilled woman trained in arts and a range of
social skills (Johnston, 2005, 39)
