Simulation-based approach to Lean Manufacturing.

✁ ✁ ✂ ✄ ☎ ✆ ✝ ✞ ✟ ✆ ✟ ✄ ✆ ✝ ✞ ✄ ✟ ✆ ✠ ☎ ✡ ☛ ☞ ✟ ☎✆ ✟ ✂

✌ ✍ ✎ ✍ ✏✑ ✒✓ ☛ ✎ ✒✔ ✍ ✏ ✕ ✒✓✒

✳ ✽ ✾✿ ❀ ❁ ❂✾❃✾ ✱ ❀ ❄ ✽ ✾❄ ❅ ❆ ❇ ❅❆ ❅❈ ❂✾ ❅ ❇ ❀ ❆❅❄ ❅ ✮✰ ✴ ❉ ❊❋ ● ❍ ■❋ ✼ ●■✺ ✹ ❏ ● ■❏ ❋ ■❑

▲ ❆ ❁✾ ▼ ◆ ❃ ❂ ❁❀ ❂❀ ❁✿ ❀ ❖ P❉ ◗ ❘ ❅❁❃ ◗ ❙ ❃◆ ✾❂ ❘ ❚ ❯ ❆✾ ❱ ❅❃✾◗ ✽ ❲ ❅ ❈ ❯ ❀ ❁❀ ❘ ❁◗ ❖ ❚ ❱❀ ❖ ❳ ❂❃◗ ❁❀ ❖ ✾✽ ❅ ›Ž›’ŽŸŠ•ȱœ¢œŽ–ǰȱ˜›ȱ›Š—œ–’ĴŽǰȱŽ•ŽŒ›˜—’Œǰȱ–ŽŒ‘Š—’ŒŠ•ȱ™‘˜˜Œ˜™¢’—ǰȱ›ŽŒ˜›’—ȱ˜›

◗ ❃◆ ❀ ❁ ❨ ✾❂❀ ❳ ❨ ✾❃◆ ◗ ❚ ❃ ❃◆ ❀ ❘ ❁✾◗ ❁ ❘ ❀ ❁❲ ✾❂ ❂✾◗ ✽ ◗ ❙ ❃◆ ❀ ✳ ✽ ✾✿ ❀ ❁ ❂✾❃❈ ✲ ❁❀ ❂❂❳ ✳ ✽ ✾✿ ❀ ❁ ❂✾❃✾ ✱ ❀ ❄ ✽ ✾❄ ❅❆ ❇ ❅ ❆❅❈ ❂✾❅ ❇ ❀ ❆ ❅❄ ❅ P

✲ ❀ ❁❘ ❚ ❂❃❅ ❄ ❅ ❅ ✽ ❉ ❀ ▼ ❅❁ ❅ ❇ ❅ ❆❅❈ ❂✾❅ ❩ ❅❃ ❅❆◗ ▼ ❚ ✾✽ ▼ ■✾✽ ■✲ ❚ ❯ ❆✾ ❱ ❅❃✾◗ ✽ ✸ ❅❃ ❅ 쎗’ȱ˜‘Š–Š

✰ ✮❇ ✳ ✵ ▲ ✱ ✮❬ ❉ ■✴ ▲ ✰ ✷ ✸ ▲ ✲ ✲ ✯ ❬ ▲ ❩ ✶ ✱ ❬ ✵ ✷ ▲ ❉ ❇ ▲ ❉ ✳ ✭ ▲ ❩ ✱ ✳ ✯ ✮❉ ❭ ❪ ȱȱȱȱȱ쎗’ȱ˜‘Š–Šǰȱ˜‘ȱ–›’ȱž•Š’–Š—ǯ

✮✽ ❱❆❚ ❖ ❀ ❂ ✮✽ ❖ ❀ ❫ ✴ ✾❯ ❆✾◗ ▼ ❁ ❅❘ ◆ ❈ ❊❘ ❅ ▼ ❀ ❍ ✻ ✮✰ ✴ ❉ ❋ ●❍ ■❋ ✼ ●■✺ ✹ ❏ ●■❏ ❋ ■❑

✻ P✵ ❀ ❅ ✽ ❲ ❅ ✽ ❚ ❙ ❅ ❱❃❚ ❁ ✾✽ ▼ P ✮ P❇ ◗ ◆ ❖ ▲ ❲ ❁✾ ✰ ❚ ❆ ❅✾❲ ❅✽ P ✮✮ P ✱ ✾❃❆❀ P

✼ ❏ ❍ P❏

❴ ❵ ❛ ❜ ❝ ❞❡ ❢ ❵ ❣ ❤✐ ❥❦ ❝❵ ❧ ✯ ❚ ♠ ✾ ❅◆ ▲ ❆✾ ˜‘ǯȱŠę£ž’—ȱžœ˜

♥ ❝ ❧❥❣ ✐ ❤✐ ♦ ♣ ❤ q ❛ r ❡ ✶ ❅ ✽ ✾❂❅ ◆ ✶ ❅❲ ❖ ♠ ❅ ◆

❉ ❅ ♠ ✾❁ ❚ ❆ ✱ ❀ ❁❲ ✾♠ ✾ ˜‘ǯȱŠę£ž’—ȱžœ˜

❴ r s t❥ ❧✉ ❝ ♦ ❤✐ ♦ ❴ ❵❥✐ ❡ ❝ ♦ ❥✐ ✈ ❤t ❤ q ❧❥ ❤ ✲ ❀ ✽ ❀ ❁ ❯ ✾❃ ✳ ✽ ✾✿ ❀ ❁ ❂✾❃✾

✳ ✽ ✾✿ ❀ ❁ ❂✾❃✾ ✱ ❀ ❄ ✽ ✾❄ ❅ ❆ ❇ ❅❆ ❅❈ ❂✾ ❅ ❇ ❀ ❆❅❄ ❅ ✇ ❅❲ ❘ ❚ ❂ ✴ ❅✽ ❖ ❅❁

▲ ❁ ❅ ❂ ✻❳ ✴ ❆◗ ❄ ✴ ❳ ① ❅ ❆❅✽ ◆ ❅✽ ▼ ✱ ❚ ❅◆ ❳ ●❏ ② ✺ ✺ ❇ ❀ ❆❅ ❄ ❅

❷ ❸ ❸ ❹ ❺ ❻ ❼ ❺ ❽❾ ❿➀➁ ➂❼ ➃ ➄➅➄❽ ➀➁ ❼ ❾ ➆ ➂❺ ➄❽ ❾ ➆ ➀ ➂❸ ❺ ❿➇ ❽ ➄❺ ➈ ❸ ❾ ❿➄❾ ❹ ❸ ❹ ➀ ➀❹ ❻ ❻ ❸ ❺ ❿➉

Žœǰȱ ǯǯǰȱ Š‘’–’Š›ǰǯȱ ǰȱ Š››’œ˜—ǯȱ Š—ȱ ’••’Š–œǰǯȱ ǻŘŖŖŖǼǰȱ ȁ‘Žȱ ŽŸŽ•˜™–Ž—ȱ˜ȱŠȱŸ’œžŠ•ȱ’—Ž›ŠŒ’ŸŽȱœ’–ž•Š’˜—ȱ˜ȱ™ŠŒ”Š’—ȱ̘ ȱ•’—ŽœȂǰȱ

Ø Ù ÚÛ Ü Ù Ý ÚÞß Ù Ý à á ß â Ü Ù Ý à ßã þ Ü ß å â æ ÚÞß Ù ❃ Ûè Û Ý Ü æú é ê ë ì íô ✏ é

ñ

ë íî ✏ é ò ò íü ð î ð õü ð ü î í ‘’–Š—ǰȱǯǰȱ—Ž›˜ —ǰȱǯȱŠ—ȱŽŽœŽǰȱǯȱǻŘŖŖŗǼǰȱȁȱ‘¢œ’ŒŠ•ȱŽ–˜—œ›Š’˜—ȱ

˜ȱŽŠ—ȱ˜—ŒŽ™œȂǰȱØØ ✞ ☎ Ù Ù â Ý à ✄ ß Ù ã Û ÜÛ Ù æ Ûí

˜–ŠŒ”ǰȱ ǯȱ ǯǰȱ Š—ȱ ˜—Žœǰȱ ǯȱ ǯȱ ǻŗşşŜǼǰȱ✖ ÛÝ Ù Úú ÞÙ ✾ ÞÙ ø ✟ ✆ Ý Ù Þè ú ✎ Ýè ÚÛ Ý Ù å æ Ü Û Ý ÚÛ ✎ Û Ý àÚú ÞÙ û ß â Ü æ ß Üä ß Ü Ý ÚÞß Ù ǰȱ’–˜—ȱǭȱŒ‘žœŽ›ǰȱŽ ȱ˜›”ǰȱǯ

˜–ŠŒ”ǰȱ ǯǰȱ ˜—Žœǰȱ ǯǯȱ Š—ȱ ˜˜œǰȱ ǯǰȱ ǻŗşşŖǼǰȱù ú Û ÷ Ý æú ÞÙ Û Úú Ý Ú ✄ ú Ý Ù ø Û å Úú Û

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ß Ü àå ǰȱŠ›™Ž›ȱŽ›Ž——’Š•ǰȱǰȱǯ

˜—ǰȱǯǯǰȱ˜—ǰȱǯǯȱŠ—ȱ•’ǰȱǯȱǻŘŖŖşǼǰȱȁȱž¢ȱ˜—ȱŽŠ—ȱŠ—žŠŒž›’—ȱ –™•Ž–Ž—Š’˜—ȱ ’—ȱ ‘Žȱ Š•Š¢œ’Š—ȱ •ŽŒ›’ŒŠ•ȱ Š—ȱ •ŽŒ›˜—’Œœȱ —žœ›¢Ȃǰȱ

ž›˜™ŽŠ—ȱ˜ž›—Š•ȱ˜ȱŒ’Ž—’ęŒȱŽœŽŠ›Œ‘ǰȱž›˜ȱ˜ž›—Š•œȱž‹•’œ‘’—ǰȱ—Œǯȱ˜•ǯȱ

řŞǰȱ˜ǯŚǰȱ™™ǯȱśŘŗȬśřśǯ

ŽŽǰȱǯǯȱŠ—ȱ•˜–™ȱǯȱǻŘŖŖśǼǰȱȁ’–ž•Š’˜—ȱŠ—ȱ Š–’—ȱŠœȱŠȱž™™˜›ȱ˜˜•ȱ˜›ȱ ŽŠ—ȱ Š—žŠŒž›’—ȱ ¢œŽ–œȬȱȱ ŒŠœŽȱ ¡Š–™•Žȱ ›˜–ȱ —žœ›¢Ȃǰȱ✁