http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6T6X-4D040K5-5&_user=6763742&_coverDate=06%2F01%2F1990&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_doca nchor=&view=c&_searchStrId=1368517787&_rerunOrigin=scholar.google&_acct=C000070526&_versio n=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=6763742&md5=7efe6557ad23f690e2a37f232e888700
Mangrove forest resources in Indonesia
Elvin T. Choong1, R.Sambas Wirakusumah2 and Suminar S. Achmadi3
1
School of Forestry, Wildlife, and Fisheries, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA U.S.A.
2
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Indonesia, Depok, Java Indonesia
3
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor, Java Indonesia
Available online 30 July 2004.
Abstract
Mangrove forests are widely distributed throughout the tropics where they grow abundantly along the coasts. The estimated total area of mangrove forests in Indonesia is 4.25 million ha, which represents about 20% of the world's mangroves. Of this, 2.94 million ha are stretched along the coastal line of Irian Java and are still relatively virgin and unexploited. The remaining 1.31 million ha are found in the more populated areas of Indonesia, such as Java, Sumatra, and Kalimantan where the mangrove forests have been heavily exploited for forest products, agricultural land use, human settlements, and aquaculture development.
