DESIGNING ENGLISH LISTENING MATERIALS
FOR THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS
OF SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
A THESIS
Submitted in Partial Fullfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
BY:
RAHAYU
Reg. Number: 2122121032
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
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ABSTRACT
Rahayu. Registration Number: 2122121032. Designing English Listening Materials for The Tenth Grade Students of Senior High School. A Thesis. English Educational Program, State University of Medan, 2016
This research is aimed to design English listening materials based on the students’ needs and Curriculum 2013 for the tenth grade students of MAN Pematangsiantar. This research conducted Research and Development (R & D). There were five steps applied in this research. The steps were: 1) Analysis of students’ need, syllabus and book. This aims to obtain the students’ needs, interests and collect information from the syllabus and book. 2) Designing listening materials. This step includes designing materials based on the competencies and the result of students’ needs. 3) Validating listening materials to the experts. The materials designed were validated by distributing the questionnaire to the English teacher of MAN Pematangsiantar and English Language Education lecturer of State University of Medan. 4) Revising listening materials. The designed materials were revised based on the experts’ suggestion. 5) Writing final draft. The writer presented the suitable materials of listening narrative texts on printed and audio version. It consisted of three topic titles of narrative texts about legends. Each title had three until four tasks which cover about vocabulary enforcement, topic comprehension, evaluation, and reflection.
The final version of designed materials was categorized as good with a mean of 4.16 and applicable to use. Therefore, it can be applied in the school to facilitate the students to motivate and improve their listening ability and the other skill as well.
Keywords: Research and Development (R&D), Listening Materials, Senior High School
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
First of all, the writer would like to express deepest gratitude to Allah SWT, uncountable blessing, loves, opportunity and strength given to the researcher during her study and in completing this thesis which entitled: “Designing English Listening Materials for The Tenth Grade Students of Senior High School”. This thesis is aimed to fulfill one of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan (S1) at the English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan (UNIMED).
In completing this Thesis, the writer realized that she faced some problems and she had received the academic guidance, suggestions, and comments and got a lot of assistance and moral support from many people. Therefore, the writer would like to express her deepest gratitude and special thanks to:
Prof. Dr. Syawal Gultom, M.Pd., the Rector of State University of Medan.
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan.
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of English Department, the Reviewer and Examiner who has given her precious time, guidance, suggestions, and comments.
Dra. Meisuri, MA the Secretary of English Department.
Nora Ronita Dewi, S.Pd., S.S., M.Hum., the Head of English Education Study Program.
Indra Hartoyo, S.Pd., M.Hum., and Neni Afrida Sari Hrp. S.Pd., M.Hum., writer’s Thesis Advisors, who have given their advices, and spent their valuable time in the process of completing this thesis.
Dr. Rahmad Husein, M.Ed., Reviewer and Examiner, who has given his precious time, guidance, suggestions, and comments.
Dra. Sri Juriaty Ownie, M.A., Academic Advisor, who has supported her throughout academic years, who has given her precious time, guidance and suggestions.
All the Lecturers of English Department who have taught, guided, and advised her throughout the academic years.
Eis Sri Wahyuningsih, M.Pd and Pak Pantes, the Administration Staff of English Department, for their assistance, patience, and valuable information.
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Dra. Sumiati, the English Teacher of MAN Pematangsiantar, for the guidance and suggestions in the process of completing this thesis.
Her mother, a beautiful woman ever Asiah Tanjung who has become her unwinged-fairy in life, patiently given moral, uncountable pray, mental power, endless love, advices and her lovely sister and brother, Rafika Syahfitri, and Rocky Fahmi, S.E., for their endless love, pray, inspiration, motivation, and everything
Her lovely sister’s family, Rini Oktorosa, S.Pd, and Indra Hermawan, S.T., M.T., who have given moral, prayers, advices and financial supports and her beloved nephew Hamizan for his cuteness to give her smiles in hard situation
Henny, Novi and Sinta, her boarding house mates for their love, supports, and motivation in completing this research.
Her beloved bestfriends Nurol and Icak, for always there in the ups and down and for the togetherness
Her thesis-fighters, Sifar, Kak Ploh, Manda, Rini, Plinda, and Rika for always care, motivate, pray and also for the togetherness during completing this thesis and amazing Regular B 2012 Family, her awesome class for the love and togetherness throughout four years.
Her PPLT’s friends in SMANSA Kisaran year of 2015 who always
supports and advices.
The writer realizes that this thesis still is imperfect, she conveniently welcomes any suggestions, comments, critics, and advices that will improve the quality of this thesis. She hopes that this thesis would be useful for those who are read and interested in the field of this study.
Medan, August 2016
The writer,
Rahayu
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b) Characteristic of Good Materials ... 20
c) Development of Instructional Material for listening ... 22
8. Authentic Materials ... 23
9. Material Design ... 25
a. Principles of Material Design ... 25
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c. Steps of Material Design ... 27
10.Material Evaluation ... 28
11.Curriculum ... 29
B. Relevant Studies ... 32
C. Conceptual Framework ... 33
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY A. Research Design ... 35
B. Research Setting ... 35
C. Instrument of Data Collection ... 35
D. Techniques of Data Analysis ... 36
E. The Phases of Designing Material ... 37
CHAPTER IV. RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION A. Research Findings ... 39
1. Need Analysis ... 39
2. Gathering Information ... 43
3. Designing Materials ... 43
4. Validating Materials ... 44
5. Revising Materials ... 46
6. The Final Draft of Materials ... 47
B. Discussion ... 49
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS A. Conclusions ... 51
B. Suggestions ... 52
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LIST OF TABLE
Page
Table 2.1 Competences of Learning Narrative Text ... 30
Table 3.1 The Assessment of the Mean ... 36
Table 4.1 Learning Narrative Text Competency ... 43
Table 4.2 The Result of Expert Judgment Questionnaire ... 45
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LIST OF FIGURES
Pages
Figure 2.1 Flowchart of Conceptual Framework ... 34
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LIST OF APPENDICES
Page
Appendix A. Syllabus ... 56
Appendix B. Need Analysis Questionnaire Sheet ... 64
Appendix C. The Result of Students’ Needs Analysis Questionnaire ... 67
Appendix D. Expert Validation ... 70
Appendix E. First Draft of Materials Designed ... 76
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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. The Background of The Study
English is widely used in Indonesia as a foreign language. Learning
English nowadays is a must for students from junior high schools to senior high
schools or vocational high schools. In learning English, there are four skills which
students are expected to be mastered, they are writing, speaking, reading, and
listening. The goal of learning English is that students master in spoken and
written English. Spoken English refers to expressing feelings, thoughts, and ideas
to other people communicatively. Before expressing the language, students need
to get data input which can be obtained from listening.
Listening is the key to communication success. The students are expected to
express what they have listened from the speaker without missing the message of
the speaker appropriately. Thus, there is no miscommunication or
misunderstanding between speaker and listener. The quality of relationship to
others is an impact from how well someone listens.
Listening is not simply hearing or perceiving speech sounds (Thanajaro:
2000). For students of senior high school, this term is not suitable. For listening
skill, senior high school students are expected to decode the meaning and
reconstruct the meaning by their own words. The teaching materials of listening
for senior high school are considered to fulfil this expectation.
Thus, teaching materials have an important role in successful teaching
process in a classroom. Adnan (2014) states teaching material consists of attitude,
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competence decided.The goal of the teaching learning English is determined from
how better students achieve the competences.
Sarihuddin (2013) states that the Indonesian government has decided to
rethink, reformulate, and redesign the Curriculum into the 2013 Curriculum. To
this date, the government has succeeded in producing curriculum documents that
serve as frameworks and syllabuses in all subjects from primary level to senior
high level. In Curriculum 2013, there are two kinds of competences; core
competences and basic competences for each compulsory subject. The core
competences consist of four categories such as spiritual, social, cognitive, and
psychomotoric. Then, the basic competences are also divided into four categories
which are derived by core competences. So, the basic competences contain of the
elaboration of four core competences. Specifically, the basic competences of
teaching learning narrative text are formulated as: (1) Be grateful to have a chance
in learning English as international language, (2) showing responsibility, care,
cooperation, and tranquility in communication. (3) analyzing the social function,
text structure, and language features of simple narrative texts in form of legends
story contextually, (4) getting the message of written and spoken narrative texts in
form of legends story.
The central government through Ministry of Education and Culture also
provides English textbooks for both teachers (teacher’s book) and students
(student’s book) to use at schools. But, unfortunately the books provided cannot
include any listening section materials. The books only put others skill such as
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that mentioned the competence is to understand and getting the message from the
spoken text.
Furthermore, the publisher of English textbooks also does not provide CD
or Audio to school or practitioner that makes teacher cannot teach listening in the
classroom or laboratory facility. Consequently, students do not achieve those
competences specifically in English listening skill due to some factors such as
inappropriate materials, method, strategy, and low motivation of the students in
teaching learning English particularly in listening. It is strengthened by Andrade
(2006) that teaching English through listening is not an easy task, especially when
there are many factors that influence the learning process such as: lack of
adequate materials and conditions; lack of qualified teachers with good
pronunciation, and lack of innovative approaches to teaching listening skills.
In relation to the problem stated above, it causes the competence of
listening cannot be achieved. Because there is no listening materials which cause
students do not have chance to listen the real English by native speaker that is
very useful for their communication. Besides that, students of MAN will be
difficult to improve their English skills due to lack of data input from English
teacher. Considering this situation, English teachers are demanded to create
listening materials to motivate the students to be more active during learning
activities.
Therefore, the writer thought that it is a must for teacher to design
listening materials. The design of material is based on the students’ need and
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high school that is expected to help the teaching learning process and improve
students’ motivation and skills in learning English, particularly in listening skill.
B. The Problems of The Study
Based on the background above, the problems of the study are formulated as
follows:
1. What English listening materials of narrative text are suitable to the tenth
grade students of MAN Pematangsiantar?
2. How are the English listening materials of narrative text for the tenth grade
students of MAN Pematangsiantar designed?
C. The Objectives of The Study
The objectives of the study are formulated as follows:
1. To provide the suitable English listening materials of narrative text for the
tenth grade students of MAN Pematangsiantar
2. To design English listening materials of narrative text for the tenth grade
students of MAN Pematangsiantar
D. The Scope of The Study
The designing materials are based on the syllabus of Curriculum 2013
implemented on the second semester in the tenth grade students of MAN
Pematangsiantar, and the skill that will be concerned is listening comprehension.
Because of the opportunity to teach English in the laboratory and also in the
classroom are limited, the writer decided the English listening materials that was
designed was narrative text of short legends story which were suitable with
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E. The Significance of The Study
This research is expectantly hoped to give a valuable contribution to the
following parties:
1. Researcher; by conducting this research, the researcher can develop and
enrich the knowledge about how to design materials for senior high school
students especially for listening comprehension and the writer can apply
this product later on.
2. Teachers; the result of the research, teacher can use this research as an
example on how to design English teaching and learning material,
especially for listening comprehension and also can apply the final product
to the students in teaching listening.
3. Students; through this research, students can improve their motivation and
mastery of listening comprehension by learning authentic materials.
4. Other researchers; the result of the research can be add some data and a
reference on how to design the English teaching and learning material,
especially for listening materials.
F. The Assumption of The Study
The assumption of this study is listening materials of narrative text designed
are suitable with the students’ need and syllabus. The materials can be used and
applied for the tenth grade students of MAN Pematangsiantar and other
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusions
After conducting this research, the writer found some conclusions follow:
1. This research presents the English listening materials of narrative text which
are suitable to the basic competencies and learning indicators in syllabus,
students’ needs and supports by the result of experts’ judgement. The
materials designed are about legends namely, Lake Toba, Simalungun, and
The Hanging Stone which are shown in printed and audio version. The printed
version involved the transcript of the text and the tasks of listening
comprehension, while in the printed version involved the recording of the text.
The tasks of each material were constructed by considering the learning
indicator and students’ needs. The result is considered as good materials
which has the general mean 4.16 and can be used by the teachers in senior
high school.
2. The materials were designed by applying some phases of R&D method. They
are need analysis, gathering information, designing materials, validating
materials, revising materials and final product. The first phase is need analysis
which is aimed to find the students’ needs and interests towards the English
listening materials. The second is gathering information from the syllabus and
book used by the school. In this phase, researcher lists the competencies of
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the materials based on the result of need analysis and information gathered.
The fourth phase is validating the materials to two experts in order to produce
a better quality of materials designed. The fifth phase is revising the materials
where the materials revision was conducted. The last phase is writing final
draft or final version of materials designed which the revised materials would
be the final version which presented and ready to apply in senior high school
specifically for MAN Pematangsiantar.
B. Suggestions
1. Teachers
As the key of teaching-learning process, teachers are suggested to design
their own materials which are suitable to the students’ needs and syllabus. It
would be better not to always rely on the book provided. English teachers are
suggested to apply listening materials to the students in order to motivate the
students to be interested in learning English, specifically listening.
2. Institutions
The institutions have to consider the book chosen and recheck the book
whether match or not to the syllabus. The institutions are also suggested to
facilitate the school to have language laboratory and supervise the teachers in
teaching by using their own materials.
3. Other Researchers
The researcher suggests the other researchers who are interested in this
topic to conduct further studies on designing listening materials. They are also
expected to find the other characteristics of appropriate learning materials based
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