diringkas & dituturkan kembali oleh ALI TAFRIJI BISWAN
ALTAF
Review Siklus Akuntansi
Keuangan
M
ST
UDI
D
-I
II
A
KUNT
A
NSI
Temu ke- Pokok Bahasan Referensi 1 Review Siklus Akuntansi Keuangan Intermediate
Accounting, Ed. 2, Ch. 3
Fokus
Bel
aja
r
h
• Basis akuntansi –akrual
• Fase –siklus akuntansi
• Double entry system
• Jurnal, TB, adjusting entries, F/S, closing entries, post-closing TB
Basis akuntansi
–
akrual
UB menengah ke atas, apalagi yg sudah masuk bursa efek (wajib IFRS), menggunakan basis akrual
That’s true. And, accrual
accounting recognizes expenses as they are incurred, not necessarily when cash is paid Accrual accounting
recognizes revenues as they are earned, not necessarily when cash is
received
Cash-basis accounting is focused on cash receipts
and cash disbursements
Double Entry System
–
saldo normal
• Meskipun demikian, praktik pencatatan transaksi inflows-outflows sudah dilakukan pada abad 7, bahkan sebelumnya. Transaksi akuntansi makin
erke a g saat dite uka ya a gka Nol oleh al-Khawarizm (abad 9).
• Ber-akuntansi secara jujur & adil merupakan salah satu perintah suci (QS Akuntansi dikodifikasi
saat ditemukan double-entry system pada 1494 (abad 15) oleh Luc.
Pacioli dalam "Summa de Arithmetica,
Jurnal
→
postinglah ke ledger/BB
Page 24Descriptions PR Debits Credits
2016 July 1 Dividends 330 25.000.000
Dividens payable 260 25.000.000
Declare semiannual cash dividends
11 Equipment 180 7.500.000
Notes payable 220 7.500.000
Issues notes for new equipment
Date
The Equipment account in the general ledger after the purchase of July 10 has been posted would appear as follows:
Account EQUIPMENT Account No: 180 Date Item PR Debit Credit Balance 2016
Sistem Koding
–
COA
ASSETS (100-199)
Current Assets (100-150) 101 Cash
105 Accounts Receivable 107 Inventory
Long-Term Assets (151-199) 151 Land
152 Building
LIABILITIES (200-299)
Current Liabilities (200-219) 201 Notes Payable
202 Accounts Payable
Long-Term Liabilities (220-239)
222 Mortgage Payable
EQUITY (300-399)
301 Shares Capital
330 Retained Earnings
SALES (400-499)
400 Sales Revenue
EXPENSES (500-599)
500 Cost of Goods Sold 523 Rent Expense
Jurnal
→ BB →
Trial Balance
Vitasari Prima, Co. Trial Balance Dec., 31, 2016
Debits Credits Cash 21.000.000
Accounts receivab 15.000.000 Inventory 12.000.000 Land 200.000.000
Accounts payable 30.000.000 Share capital 150.000.000 Retained earnings 24.000.000 Sales 919.000.000 COGS 850.000.000
Advertising expen 10.000.000 Misc. expenses 15.000.000
Total 1.123.000.000 1.123.000.000 Double entry system
BALANCE itu penting, meski… Tribute to Akt
Preparing Adjusting Entries
Adjusting entries are
required
at the end of
each accounting period for accrual- basis
accounting, prior to preparing the financial
statements. The purpose for adjusting
entries are to:
•
bring balance sheet accounts current.
Depreciation
Rosi, Inc. purchased buildings in 2009 at a cost of $156,000, an expected life of 20 years, and no
anticipated residual value. Each year, 5% of the cost is depreciated. At the end of 2014, the following
adjusting entry is made:
Adjusting Entry
12/31 Depreciation Expense—Buildings 7,800 Accumulated Depr.—Buildings 7,800
To record depreciation
Bad Debts
An estimation of bad debts based on the ending receivables balance reveals that the allowance account needs to be increased by $1,100
Adjusting Entry
12/31 Bad Debts Expense 1,100
Allowance for Bad Debts 1,100
To adjust for estimated bad
Accrued Expenses & Accrued Revenues
At the end of the fiscal period, Rosi, Inc. had accrued salaries and wages totaling $2,150
Rosi, Inc. holds a note receivable from a customer on which interest total $250 has accrued
Adjusting Entry
12/31 Salaries and Wages Expense 2,150
Salaries and Wages Payable 2,150
To record accrued salaries and wages.
Adjusting Entry
12/31 Interest Receivable 250
Interest Revenue 250
Prepaid Expenses
Rosi, I .’s trial ala e shows that the asset a ou t
Prepaid Insurance has a balance of $8,000. By
December 31, only $3,800 applies to future periods
Rosi, I .’s trial ala e shows that the asset a ou t
Insurance Expense has a balance of $8,000. By
December 31, $3,800 applies to future periods
Adjusting Entry
12/31 Insurance Expense 4,200
Prepaid Insurance 4,200
To record expired insurance.
Adjusting Entry
Deferred Revenues
–
pdkt pencatatan?
Rosi, Inc. receives a payment of $2,550 from a
customer prior to the services being rendered. By December 31, $2,075 in services have been provided
Rosi, Inc. receives a payment of $2,550 from a
customer prior to the services being rendered. By
December 31, $2,075 in services have been provided
Adjusting Entry
12/31 Rent Revenue 475
Unearned Rent Revenue 475
To record unearned rent revenue.
Adjusting Entry
12/31 Unearned Rent Revenue 2,075
Rent Revenue 2,075
Inventory adjustment
Rosi, Inc. Trial Balance December 31, 2016
Cash $ 83,110
Accounts Receivable 106,500
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $ 1,610
Inventory 45,000
Prepaid Insurance 8,000
Interest Receivable 0
Notes Receivable 28,000
Land 114,000
Inventory adjustment
Rosi, Inc. Trial Balance December 31, 2016
Cash $ 83,110
Accounts Receivable 106,500
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts $ 1,610
Dividends 13,600
Sales 479,500
Purchases 162,600
Purchases Discounts 3,290
Cost of Goods Sold 0
Salaries and Wages Expense 172,450
Inventory adjustment
Purchases, Purchases Discounts, and Cost of Goods Sold are affected by the adjusting entry to update the inventory
account
If perpetual, the cost of the merchandise is recorded by a
Adjusting Entry
12/31 Inventory 6,000 Purchases Discounts 3,290 Cost of Goods Sold 153,310
Purchases 162,500
$51,
00
0
–
$45,
00
F/“…
apa saja dalam IFRS?
Record Trans-actions
Prepare Trial
Balance
Make
Adjusting Entries
Revenues
Bal. xxx
Retained Earnings
Beg. Bal. xxx
xxx
The Closing Process
Revenues
Closing entries reduce all nominal accounts to
a zero balance
Since the revenue account is a nominal account, it is closed at the end of the
Expenses
Bal. xxx
xxx
The expense account
is credited in order to
close the account at
the end of the period.
The Closing Process
Retained Earnings
Beg. Bal. xxx Revenues
Dividends
Bal. xxx
xxx
The dividends
account, which is also
nominal, is credited
to close out the
balance.
The Closing Process
Retained Earnings
Beg. Bal. xxx Revenues
Expenses
Retained Earnings
Retained Earnings is a real account and
always carries a balance.
Net Income for the period is determined by
these two items.
Beg. Bal. xxx Revenues
Expenses Dividends
End. Bal. xxx
The Closing Process
Dividends reduce
Post-Closing Trial Balance
J-Budi, Inc.
Post-Closing Trial Balance as of December 31, 2016
Debits Credits
Cash $ xx
Accounts Receivable xx
Inventory xx
Supplies xx
Accounts Payable $ xx
Capital Stock xx
Retained Earnings xx
Dampak Aplikasi Akuntansi (SI terkomputerisasi)
There has been a rapid increase in the use of computers to assist in performing many of the tasks found in the accounting cycle
Computers are well suited to perform many accounting cycle tasks
BUT, computers will never replace the accountant
Mathematical
Computations
Latihan/Penugasan
(tiap kutipan disertakan sumbernya)
