Selanjutnya

-SPECIFIC AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF THE KINGDOM OF BELGIUM ON THE

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT "COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR DEVELOPING INFRASTRUCTURES OUTSIDE JAVA ISLAND"

The Goverrunent of the Republic of Indonesia and

the Goverrunent of the Kingdom of Belgium,

Within the framework of the General Agreement on Technical Cooperation of June 16 , 1969 ;

Desiring to further promote the development of communication technologies; Wanting to cooperate in the implementation of the Project described hereafter; Have agreed as follows :

Article 1

Objectives of the project

The objectives of the Project are to solve the communication problems and improve the infrastructure of the area outside Java Island by conduc-ing research and development of a suitable telecommunication system which is economically and technically feasible and which takes into account local condition of the thousands of Indonesian islands.

Article 2

Modalities of the project

1 . This Specific Agreement lays down the modalities of the cooperation with the view of :

a) . conducting a joint research by senior expatriate experts and Indonesian experts;

b). training for Indonesian research workers;

c). Supplying laboratory equipment and utilizing the available facilities, data , and supporting personnel for the effective implementation of the Project .

2 . The modalities and conditions for performing these activities are specified in the terms of reference attached to this specific agreement and being a part of it.

3. The cooperation will be implemented within the limits of budgetary means of each respective Goverrunent .

...

2 -Article 3 Executing Agency

1. The Government of the Kingdom of Belgium designates the Belgian Administration for Development Cooperation (B.A.D.C.) as its Executing Agency.

The B.A.D.C . is represented in Indonesia by the Development Cooperation Section of the Belgian Embassy in Jakarta.

For reasons of efficiency , the B.A.D.C. will entrust the imple-mentation of its contribution to (an) experienced ｳｵ｢｣ｯｮｴｲ｡｣ｴｯｾＨｳＩＮ＠

The subcontractor(s) shall be renowned for its (their) experience in the field of research of telecommunication systems and of the advanced technology and acceptable to the Government of the Republic of Indonesia.

2. The Government of the Repub l ic of Indonesia designates the National Electronics and Electrical Research Institute (L.E,N.), Indonesian Institute of Sciences (L .I.P.I . ), as its Executing Agency.

Article 4

Contribution of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia l. The contribution of the Government of the Republic of Indonesia, in accordance with the prevailing laws and regulations , comprises a) the office and laboratory of the L.E,N.

b) provision of the technical materials and meters necessary for carrying out the research including furniture and office equipment such as typewriters, calculators and telephones for domestic calls

c) the appointment of administrative and technical personnel for the L.E.N. ;

d) the selection of trainees ;

e) the operating and maintena nce cost of the Research Institute f) the appointment of Indonesian experts as counterparts to the

Belgian team ;

g) the local transportation cost and cost of accomodation during the surveys for the Indonesian counterparts as well as the local overland transport for the Belgian experts duri ng the surveys of the areas.

I

...

3

-These contributions are specified in the attached Tenns of Reference.

They are due whatever their changing prices.

2 . The Government of the Republic of Indonesia, in accordance with the

prevailing laws and regulations, shall :

a) do its utmost to see that the Indonesian counterparts will be in a

position to fully devote themselves to the Project for its duration

b) provide the Belgian experts with the exemptions and privileges

mentioned in irticle 7 of the General Agreement on Technical

Cooperation of June 16, 1969 ;

c) as stipulated in Article 10 of the said General Agreement, grant

exoneration from all duties, other levies and taxes on the technical

apparatus mentioned hereafter in Article 5, paragraph l.c)

d) take care of the storage and the custody of the equipment supplied

by Belgium;

e) provide the available reports , maps, library documents, technical

data and other infonnation required for the proper implementation

of the Project

f) give the required agreement for the Belgian experts.

Article 5

Contribution of the Government of the Kingdom of Belgium

1. The contribution of the Government of the Kingdom of Belgium consists of

the total cost of :

a) the services of the agreed experts, their international and domestic

travel, (except for overland transportation during the surveys)

their international telecommunication expenses, their board and

lodging ;

b) accommodation during the surveys for the Belgian experts

c) the laboratory equipment and its maintenance ;

d) the scholarships or (and) the fellowships granted to the Indonesian

research workers, including their international travel for a total

of 192 man/months within the limit of the annual quota of fellowships

and scholarships attributed to Indonesia .

These contributions are specified in the attached Tenns of Reference.

I

4

-They are due whatever their changing prices.

2. The Government of the Kingdom of Belgium shall bear also the

freight charges of the supplied instruments and equipment up to

the airport of destination in Indonesia, the cost of unloading

and transportation from the airport to the Project site and the

cost of insurance.

3 . The apparatus and equipment suppl ied by the Government of the

Kingdom of Belgium as its contribution to the Project will be

utilized exclusively for the implementation of the Project and

remain the property of the Government of the Kingdom of Be lgium

for the whole duration of the Project.

Before terminating the Project, the Belgian and Indonesian

Governments will consult each other on the future destination

of this equipment and on the modalities of transfer of ownership

to the Indonesian Government or to a national institute.

Article 6

Control and evaluation

1. Both Governments may review the aims and objectives of the Project

and if necessary, discuss the main problems occuring during the

implementation of the Project , at the convening of the Joint

Commission for this purpos e.

2. At any time , both Governments may supervise and/or control

on the spot the state of progress of the Project.

3 . Where necessary and after consultation both Governments may

evaluate the Project or part of its implementation aspects .

Article 7

Settlement of dispute

Any dispute between the two Governments arising out of the

interpretation or implementation of the Specific Agreement shall be

settled amicably by consultation or negotiation.

-I

Article 8

Entering into force and validity

This Specific Agreement shall enter into force on the date of its signing and shall remain in force until the completion of the Project.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned duly authorized have signed this Specific Agreement.

DONE at Jakarta _{on September}

s,

₁₉₈₁ in duplicate in the English language.

FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA

Signed

Prof . Dr.Ir. H. Tb. BACHTIAR RIFAI Chairman, Indonesian Institute of Sciences,

FOR THE GOVERNMENT OF THE KINGDOM OF BELGIUM

Signed

ｔｆｒｾｓ＠ OF REFERfNCE

PROJECT TITLE

comll'NI CA TI ON TECHNOLOGIES

FOR DEVELOPING INFRASTRUCTURES

OUTSIDE JAVA ISLAND

Proposed By

THE NATIONAL ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL

RESEARCH INSTITUTE

(L . E.N.)

Sponsored By

INDONESIAN INSTITURE OF SCIENCES

I. l. Justification of the project

ｾＡ｡ＮＮｳｳｩ｜ﾷ･＠ pror--rarrs of clC'velopment, inl'luding power generation, mining,

agriculture, transmigration, education, tourism and new industry all

create direct and indirect denand for telecormrunication facilities

in areas of la.\· population and low income.

The social and economic needs for telecoomw1ications are clearly

recognized at political le\'els in terms not only of industrial

efficiency, but also of social stability and developrrent.

This recognition is reflected in subtantial allocations of national

as well as international funds .

Isclated corrmunities \\ith large areas of sparse population such a.s

rrostly are found outside Java Island , have seriousl) addressed special

telecomnunications requirements and sorne ｮ･ｾﾷ＠ approaches including

the 10\r cost for connection of isolated commmities into national and regional networks.

In isolation, they have appeared resistant to s i gnificant

improve-rrent. High costs have led to low demand, loN investrrent, static

technology, continued application of obsolete techniques and

perpetuation of the consequent high costs .

. A change in perspect i \'e has to be introduced by radical changes in

world economic, social and poJitical priorities and by

technologi-cal advances.

Higher m.thornies ap;reed that something had to be clone to stop

migration from the rur::i.l area to the cities, or at least. ､ｲ｡ｾ Ｂ ｴ＠ ically

ｾ＠ . '

2

-A considerable aITDunt of research has been conducted concerning relief

of certain national problerrs through the shifting of population from

urban areas to rural areas.

Since optirrn.nl ability to acquire, organize and use info:nnation is dependent

on telecamrunications, lack of such services to rural residents will

produce a new underclass of citizens who will lack the rreans by which

they can successfully canpete or even function in the national

develop-ment.

In the frarre work national development strategy long tenn as well as

medium term it has been decided to provide telecoonrunication services

increasingly to rural area. Because it is fully realized that rural

population can have availability sufficient teleconnrunication.

Hural ｴ･ＱＧＮＺｾ｣｡ｮｭｭｩ｣｡ｴｩｯｮ＠ might have major influences on the dispersion

of industry and population from our rmjor urbanized areas and on the

reduction of migration from the rural areas. Dispersal of such industry

and population, and reduction of such migration, are national priorities.

The long term solution to national problems is "a total change in our

population distribution as well as in our life style'' and a major

compo-nent of this plan calls for diligent application of already existing

cammnications technology, adaptation of this technology whereby at the

same tine the necessity of participation of Indonesia capabilities s hall

be enhanced to enable to achieve of this objective cooperation between

3

-I.2. Name of the Project

''ffilMUNICATION TEClThDI.lXrIES FOR DEVELOPING INFRAS1RUCil.'RE OUTSIDE

JAVA ISi.AND"

Supporting infonnation

'Ibe planning process for telecorrmunication networks involves the

selection of facility types, (i.e. : switches, transmission systems

and local distribution cables), their configuration, and the timing

of facility placements and subsequent additions such that the demu1ds

for service are met in a cost effective manner.

A

comnunication system requires channels for transmission of

infonna-tion and switching arrangements to interconnect the channels.

The switching systan may represent about one-half of the cost. 'Ibe

other portion of the cost i s for the transmission channels. In a

telephone system, this is primarily copper cost, the cost of the

cabl e pairs between subscribers and central office, and between

offices. One way to reduce the arrrnmt of cable is to locate part

of the central office (line concentrators) in small pieces near to

groups of subscribers. Further cable length reduction can be realized

by adopting a ring system of distribution in developing areas where

subscribers are sparsely spread.

In rural telecorrmunication systems, where cost is of prime irrportance,

reduction in size, weight and power requirements of teleconnrunication

equipment, drastically reduce costs and constraints caused by

require-ments for housing, storage, transportation, installation and power for

telecomnunications equipment.

Substitution of electronic switches for electrarechanical switches rm.;•

aff orcl indirect s<n-ing in the control arid reduce the cost of the

"

4

The use of time - division technics for transmission systems and for

switching systEmS, point out that the availability of solid state

devices, such as large scale integration (LSI) and microprocessor, has

revived interest in the subject and indicates that technics using

these devices are now feasible for both systems.

Semiconductor technology has produced a wealth of new and flexible

sys-tems; scne current examples relevant to rural telecarmunications are

pen-channel codecs; multiple access systerrE; RF arrplifiers, and thick

and thin film circuits.

Semiconductor technology has made possible rerrote compact equipment of

great intelligence, which can be used for the logical rrn.nagerrent of

trunk assignrnent in time division and frequency division multiple access

and concentrator systems .. The microprocessor is used for the control of

cellular radio systems which may have potential rural application in

overcoming frequency spectrum limitations.

It is obvious that cost savings depend on the lengths of the cable runs

and the cost of the tenninal equipment for multiplexing.

The advent of solid state devices is affording new opportunities for

reducing the channel length needed to prove in multiplexed channels in

place of individual separated channels . One such method is time sharing

of the cable conductors through the use of PQ.1 (:Pulse Code ｾ Ｎ ｬｯ､ｵｬ｡ｴｩｯｮＩ＠

transmission.

It i s apparent that rrost of the cost of a cable system is associated

with the transmission medium, the cable and cable installation.

For radio, however, the cost is all associated with terminal, and \Vhen

required, repeater equipment .

Considering these factors, it could appear difficult to determine when

i t is worth i m·est igating a digital radio system as an alternative to

Jl()we\f'r, sutdj es of actual t )l)es ｣ｾｲｮ＠ be usE"d as a bruide .

It might seem surprising that rrore radio systems prove -in at the shorter

distances, except for the fact that many of the short transmission routes

ha\·e to cross physical obstructions such as Jakes, ri n•rs or highways .

Therefore, in planning a new digital carrier route, both radio and cable

systerrs should be considered, regardless of the system length.

Today's trend in telephone switching is towards digital systems because

of reduced network costs . Associated with this trend is the shift to

ro1

digital transnission, because of lower multiplexing and line costs,

3!1d now because of further economics in association with digital switches .

The flexibility of interconnection .from switch to line to radio to

sub-scriber carrier or concentrator 1s a characteristic of digital systems

which could be useful in rural areas, rrostly Outside Ja\·a Island.

ｄｩｾｩｴ｡ｬｩｺ｡ｴｩｯｮ＠ of telecorrrnunication system is an important part of this

research project.

Confining the digital carrier signals to cables inhibits their flexibility

to handle applications where cables is uneconomical or not technically

feasible, such situations arise when rugged terrain or right - of - way

problems make ne..\' cable installation too costly . In such situations,

micrO\\'a\·e transmission can off er significant system and c.ost ｡､｜ﾷ｡ｮｴ｡ｧ｣ｾＮ＠

Prove - in distances 'for cable versus microwave are difficult to

gene-ra 1 ize because of the man>' factors involved in any particular case.

111is is another important part of the resParch project.

There are sorre factors which now make microwave a bonaf ide transmission

6

-These factors are

The extensive use of digital carrier and the need for microwave as

an alternative to cable in same portions of the conmunications plant

without reverting to analog format.

Irrproved rmdulation technics and cross - polarized transnission that

pennit rrore efficient spectrum occupancy for P<J.1 voice.

The increasing level of data traffic that can be transnitted with

greater spectrUTI efficiency and equipnent economy over a PQ.1 medium

than over the existing analog

m1

rredium.

etc.

Transmis sion engineering for digital microwave systems requires rrost of

the s ame considerations applied extensively to rmre comronly used ,Fil!/

"Fil analog systars. Therefore, propagation factors , fading phenorrenon,

path clearance and antenna configurations are essentially the ｾ ｡ｮＭｩ･＠ for

digital and FU.I/ FM . Important differences lie in areas of circuit

quality definitions, f ade margin requirerrents and interference.

We have to consider all the u5ual causes of fading and signal loss,

I.3. Institutional Framework

The National Electronic and Flectrical Research Institute is one

of the institutes under the ''Indonesian Institute of Sciences"

(LIP!) and it is a research institute in the fields of electronics

and electrical engineering. This non-departmental institute is

expected to provide the data, and support the activities in other

departments objectively, so the services should be the ｳｾ＠ for

all departments.

I

I

L I P I

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---

--·-scx:'IAL AKD CUL'IlTRAL SCIENCES

I

TECHNOLCXJICAL

1

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IF.KN

ｬｾ＠

.

These research projects are very useful to several departments such

as the Carrnunication ｄ･ｰｾｮｴＬ＠ Inforniation Department, Defense

De-partment, etc. and these who are concerned with cormrunications

problffilS.

President

L

tate Secretary

I

State Minister for] Departrrents e.g.

Research and Corrmunication,

Technology Inforrration,

Defense , etc.

l

r :- . --:--: . :-:: _ ｾＭ _-:-

--=-

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ｾ ＭＭＭｾｾ ｾ＠ ＭＭＭｾｾＭＭＭＭ ＭｾＭ - ... . . .. - - . - .. - . - . - -- . -·1·· . , . ··, I

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L.I.P . I. - - -

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Non Depart.

Insts .

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Research Insts. ｾ＠ ｾ＠

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Research Insts.--- ---r- - - - -

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8

-1.4. Impact of the project

'!he results which will be achieved after these project have been

carried out are :

a. Data concerning wave propagation over the frequency range from

ultra high frequency to microwave band for transmitter networks

planning purposes.

b . Advanced knowledge of digital coonrunication systerr.

c. Recarmendation for suitable telecormrunication system for areas

of low population density (Outside Java Island).

d. Providing additional data cormrunication system and

telecormrunica-tion net\i.ork for Indonesia in general.

e. Improved capability with regards relatively new technology.

As a follow-up to these projects, the results can be used

1 . For further research and development by L.E.N .

2. As results of the project, the research can be used in local

telecornnunication system particularly in new areas including

extending the broadcasting network throughout Indonesian

Is-lands, for instance in this case of a new town, new industrial

site, mining and transmigration areas.

3 . Planning in the framework of the future integrated services

in digital switching.

4. Building up the capability of the telecormrunications

The actidties carried out hy LL.'.\. preceding the projects are

1 . Propagation measuremem:s in the HF and \'HF range in seYeral areas of

Java and other islands outside Java.

2. Frequency characteristic and noise measurements of the existing cable

transmission networks.

3 . ｾＱｩ｣ ｲ ｯｷ｡ｶ･＠ propagation rrieasurement in the 7 GJz frequency range .

4 . Development of laboratory rrx::>del step - by - step Electronic PARX.

5. Development of TI!, SSB and Mt transmitter and transceiver.

G. De\'elopment of \1IF Tele\'ision Transpo&er and Transmitter of up to 1

ｨｬｾﾷ＠ output power.

7. Development a laLoratory rmdel of PO! ternlinal equipment.

8 . Development e).veri:nents of digital transmission systems.

8. De\·eloµrent of Ground Station SQ)(: system .

10

-I -I . ｏｂｊｅｃｔｉ｜ｾ＠ OF IBE PFO..JEX:"T

To obtain data in the frame work of the idealized concept .

II .1. Irrmediate objective

To introduce an irrproved, reliable and lower cost digital

camruni-cation system lx>th on cable and radio to carmunities with large

areas of spars population such as rrostly outside Java Island, which are potential solutions for rural isolation and disparity.

'Ibe region involved for that research are :

1. North Sumatera (Karo area) in Pedan Region

2. 1'iest Sumatera (Pasaman Ba.rat) in Padang P.egion

3. South East ｾｬ｡ｬｵｫｵ＠

4. \\"est ｾｵｳ｡ｴ･ｮｧｧ｡ｲ｡＠

5. South ｓｵｲｮ｡ｴｾｲ｡＠ in Palembang Region

6. East Java in East Surabaya P.egion

'Ibis rrore economic camrunication system proposed, will have major

influences on the disoersion of industry and population ｦｲｯｾ＠ major

urbanized areas and on the reduction of ｲｮｩｾ｡ｴｩｯｮ＠ from the rural

areas.

Dispersal of such industry and population, and reduction of such

migration are national priorities .

II.2. l.Dng range objectives

With the spread of digital techniques in teleC0111Tiunication netv.orks,

it is likely that present - day frequency - division multiplex ＨｾｾＩ＠

system will be replaced by digital transmission systens.

'Ibe advantages of an all digital network seem somewhat obvious .

'Ibese are cost and transmission performance . Integrated digital

net-works only require t he analog voice sir,nals to be converted into

Thi!-.; i tHPgrar ion iTTl) 1rm cs pPr foIT1a.nc·p, reduces costs and prod des opportunities to introduce new se:n:ices economically.

Implementation of integTated digital networks is, howe\·er, a gradual

process, and the ability of digital local exchanges to prm·ide cost

effecti ve performance when interconnected to analog systeJTS is of

prime i.rrJ>ortance.

There will be a 1om, interimphase in which ooth analog and digital

comnunicat1on ｳｾﾷｳｴ｣ｭ＠ wi 11 coexist in the net\i,ork.

They ar0 introduced in the ne1:work as they become economically

attracti ,.e, and rrost of the related de,·elopment work and s:·:stem

arehi recture studies ha\·e been aimed at makini! the new s:·:sterr

cnmpe-ti cnmpe-ti \·e :U1cl c>nsuring a Sif(X)th tran:-,ition from analog to dipta1

tech-niques. but this trnnsi tion t.loc>s not af feet the a\·erage telephone

user at all.

To rerr.a in analog or to go digital is not an eas)' quest ion to ｡ｮｾＬｷ･ｲＮ＠

This depends rather hea\·il>· on economic trade off considerations,

which are influenced by the regularity policy, the t»pe of traffic,

and its growth pattern .

HO\\-e\'er. i f one examines the projected growth of digi ta.J traffic,

the comparati \'el:Y' low cost of digital transmission, digital tenninal

and S\\itching equipment, one would be reasonably assured that digital

s>·sterrs wi 11 find their appli cations in the future.

The l ong r ange objectiH' is the optimum nationwide appl ic::ition of

this tE:>c:hrnilogy in the future telPcOITTT!lmication network, supJY>rted

12

III . PLAN

or

OI'ERATIOK

The plan of operation will be worked out with the foreign experts

in the early stages of the project, taking into account the

consi-derations given in Annex 1 - Paragraph 1 on pages 1 and 2.

The propos· ., 1 _{procedure to realize the present project in}

collaoora-tions with the foreign experts is fully explained in Annex 1 -

Para-graph 2 on pages 3 - 4 - 5.

The activities which should be included in the plan of operations and

which are in line with the hereabove mentioned procedure will include

1. A study of telephone local network structure in areas of low

sub-scriber density.

- Ketwork System·

- Frequency characteristic and noise measurerrents

- Loop impedance and return loss measurements (line to line loss)

- Transmission Testing of Subscribers line

- etc.

2. Propagation measurenents on the project sites for transmitter

net\\.Drks planning purposes. In this v.ork

1 will be considered all

the usual loss, narr'€ly atrrospheric multipath, reflections,

obstruc-tions and rainfall.

3 . A study of Pulse Code Uodulation (PCM) and some other forns of

digital ｾ｢､ｵｬ｡ｴ＠ ion.

4 . Studies of Digital Transmission Systems, Digital 0xchanges, and

Time Division ｾｨｬｬｴｩｰｬ･ｸｩｮｧ＠ (ID1 ) .

5. Studies of introducing Digital Techniques in existing analog

net-v,orks.

6 . To prese.nt n. New Corrmunication System Concept. It is primarily a

di{::ital system.

low subscrilx'r ､｣ｮｳｩｴｾﾷＮ＠

8. To present a research rrodel which derronstrates the technical and

economical feasibilities of a Digital Telecormrunication System in

areas of low populations and low incane.

These activities will cover Route and site selection

Propagation measurerrents to study the influence of terrain and the

troposphere on propagation

ｾＧｯ､ｵｬ｡ｴｩｯｮ＠ techniques and the application

Pulse Code ｾｬｯ､ｵｬ｡ｴｩｯｮ＠ Sampling

POl Hul tiplexing

Supervision and alarms

Digital transmission on

- Quart izing - Encoding

Existing cable

- New Cable

- Radio

Regeneration of digital signals

Line System Design : Cable utilization

Imnunity to noise

Digital switching and netv.ork synchronization

Higher rate digital systems

14

ff . D('TI:P!\AL M1D ｃＺｄ｜Ｇｅｐｊﾷｎｅｾｴｲ＠ INPL'TS

1. E.xternal Inputs

It is expected in this project to have 8 man years experts covered

by 5 experts who will train and supervise the research workers in

the National Electronics and Electrical Research Institute.

The experts required are

1. One experts in Telecomnunications Network planning during 24

rronths .

'Ihe requirements for this post are :

Experience ｾｬｩｮ＠ imum 5 (five) years in industry, research

or university laboratory .

Age 35 - 45 years

Language English

Specification Has experience in Network planning

2. Che expert on Radio Wave Propagation during 18 rronths .

The requirements for this post are :

Experience

Age

Language

Specification

ｾＱｩｮｩｭｵｭ＠ 5 (five) years in industry, research

or university laboratory.

35 - 45 years

English

Has e:>..-perience in Radio Wave Propagation and

should have experience in telephone switching

3. Che expert on Analoque Telephone Switching Systan during 18 rronths.

The requirements f or this post are :

Experience

Age

Language

Specificati on

ｾｬｩｮｩｭｴＮｲｲｮ＠ 5 (five) years in industry, research

or university laboratory.

35 - 45 ｾＱ･｡ｲｳ＠

English

4. 01e e}..-pert on Transnission systems during 12 rronths.

The requirerrents for this post are

E."\.l)erience

Age

Language

Specification

ｾｬｩｮｩｭｵｭ＠ 5 ( fi \'e) years in industry, research

or university laboratory.

35 - 45 years

English

Has experience in Transmission systans design

and application

::>. One c:,.q1ert on Digital Telephone Switching systoo during 18 rronths.

1110 requirements for this post are :

E.-....-pcrience

. .l.ge

l.3Dgll::tge

Specification

ｾＡｩｮｩｭｵｭ＠ 5 (fhe) years in indW::;tr>·, research

or uni \·ersity laboratory.

35 - 45 years

English

Has experience in Digital Switching ｳｾＺｳｴ｡ｮＮ＠

Description of the job in .!\. E. E . R. I.

Full detailed description of the tasks of the five e>..-perts is given

in Annex 1 - parag-raph 3 - page 6 to 10.

ｾｬｯｮｴｨｬｹ＠ progress reports have to be v.ritten by the e>..rierts and 3

rronthly action assignment reports will be made jointly b» LEK ar..d the

P:"l.TJerts. These action assignment reports wi 11 detern1inc the study and

pla'1Iling direction for the nex'i: 3 rmnths period.

The instu-ance, allowance, ｨｯｵＮＮ ｾ ｩｮｧＬ＠ trans portation for the ex-perts \\ill

16

-1. ｦ･ｬｬｯｾｳｨｩｰｳ＠

A total am.Junt of 16 man years ｉ･ｬｬｯｾｳｨｩｰｳ＠ is included in this project

in order to train Indonesian Engineers in specific Telecamrunication

subjects

Telecarrnunication network planning : 4 engineers for 6 rronths.

- Digital switching and transnission system : 8 engjneers for 1 year

- ｾｲ｡ｴｩｯｮ＠ and ｾｬ｡ｩｮｴ･ｮ｡ｮ｣･＠ for Digital Switching and transmission

equipment

Full details regarding the proposed training program in Belgium of the

fello.\'ship is given in Annex 2 - pages 1 to 5 .

A

list of measuring and test equipment to be supplied by donor country

is given in Annex 3.

2. r'°vernment Inputs

- 'Ihe office and laboratory of the National Electronics and Electrical

Research Institute located in Bandung, which can provide certain

equipment such as VHF and l1IIF field strength meter, VHF, 11-IF and J.

band generator, VSWR meter, ｾ･､｡ｮ｣･＠ bridge, frequency counter up

to 500 ｾＱＡＭＱＮｺＬ＠ VHF and UHF AM/FM generator, VHF high power generator,

ｖｔ｜ｾＱＮ＠ sloted line up to 4 GHz, low frequency distortion analyzer,

transistor parameter checker, etc.

'Ihe budget expected fran the governrrent is Rp. 1. 000. 000. 000. - in

five years.

- C.Ounterparts for the ex"Perts

Sufficient counterparts for the experts will be provided by 1..EN in

order to ensure the srrooth progress of the project and to meet

\". ｄｬｾ＠ ... .\TIO:\

or

'IHI PRQ.JECT

This project will requirP 5 ( fi.ve) working years to complete lx)th

software and hardware activities.

A schedule of the project to be realized by the 5 ex-perts and covering

2 consecutive years with a total of 90 manm:mths (8 m. years) is given

in Annex 1 - paragraph 4 - page 11.

A schedule of the Training Program of the fellowship for 192 rnanrronths

is given in Annex 2 - paragraph 5 - page 6.

To be at.tached to the Specific Agreement bet\\·een the Cc)\·ernment of the

Republic oJ Indonesia and the ('J(, ':ernmeni. of tlle Kingdon1 of Belgi.t.un on

the Jmplerrentation of the project : Cormruni cation cechno logies for

developing infrastructures outside Java Island .

Signed at Jakarta.

FDR IBE GO\ ＧﾣｒｭＡｅｽｾ＠ OF 'IHf

RIJ'l13UC OF Il\DG.l:.Sl/\....

Signed

Prof.Dr.Ir. H. Tb. BACHTIAR RIFAI

Chairman , Indonesian Institu te of Sciences ,

on September 8, 1981

FDR 'rnE ｇｏｙｉｒｾＱｅｉ｜Ｇｔ＠ OF THE

KINGW.l OF ｂｅｕｬｬｬｾｬ＠

Signed

JACQUES I D1HONDT

TI11'CXY"fl1'1CATION 'ITD!l\Dl.JY-!F$ FOH

ｃＧＧｬＧＱｾﾷｉｐｆ＠ .JAVA ｉＺｎｆＧｐ｟ａｾＧｦｦｩｕｃｔｬＧｐｅ＠ f'FYELOP'T\'T

1. ｃｄｾＭｓｉｄｆＮｒａｔｉｏｎ＠

AXI\T.X 1

The imnediate objecti\'e (parag. II.l. of Terms of Heference)

indicates a number of 6 Begions to be studied.

As 4 of these Regions include several area's, a full ''site by

site•· area study will require too rrruch time and too rrruch effort

for the proposc:>d i:rroup of 5 experts and for the runplitude of the

presont pro;ect .

. \ good solution wlth nearly accurate results can be reached by

a samp1e survey.

ｾ･｜ﾷ･ｲ｡ｬ＠ t>rpical area's cases can be se1ected Ior survcv and

anal:i"se. I f necessaIJ_:. preliminary and qUJ ck surveys could be

made to determine the rrost typical one.

The other area's which ｾｩｬｬ＠ not be presently analysed can be

assirrilated to one of these studiec' typical area cases.

For final result of ea.ch of the

G

BeRions,

a <iuantity of studied typical area cases corresponding to the

reaJ quanti

t:-.·

of areas per region can be RJ'OUped to

rn

ve a

suffkient approximation of the ful 1 project .

For the further practical rcaJisation of the program, 9nall and

locaJ adapt at ion c.an be easily madf'. taking into accotm t to the

real conditions.

As

the research rrodel used for the study of the

t:>pfra l area wi 11 be transferred to LEN. it wi 11 be ens>· to rea 1 ise

the ｾｴｵ､ＺＭＭ of the rcn1 case .

-nude by

u:::.

The following 5 sites are concerned :

1. :DP1ll ｦｬｾＧＮｬ｜ｔｉｊＧａ＠ KARO /\P'1'.A

( in ｾ＠ tedan P.egi on - Rcgi on at West Pa.rt of K.Af''l.'\.:\J AI IE )

2. ''TST ｓｬＮｾ Ｑａｔﾣｒａ＠ - P . ＮＧＮ｜ＸａｾＱｍ＠ BARAT (\\L'>T)

(in Padanr Rep:ion - Pep:ion at \\'est Part of LrBCK SIKAPING)

3. SQ.'11-1 I"AST ｾＡａｌｬｬ｜ｲ＠ - One area to be designated rluring the

first nnnth of the project schedule. The seJection of thi.s

area will be rmde in conm::m ai;rreement ui th lB\ - ｐｆｒｌｾＧｔｅｌ＠

and the Project Leader.

4. ITST !'TS/\ -'ITl'K{" ARA

( sarre as for 3)

5. f AST JA\ .. A.

(same as for 3)

'.'io Le ] For the region of SOl"T}f SIB!ATERA., the different ｾ､ﾷ･｡ｳ＠

can be assimilated to one of the t:·:pical area cases of

KARO - PASR'.AF BJIP./\T or of East Ja\'a area .

. .\s said hereabove, the designation of the 3 area pertaining

res-pecti\·ely to the South Fast ｾＧ｡ｬｵｫｵＬ＠ West Nusa Ten17gara and rast

Janl wi 11 be selected dW'inv the first nnnth of the project, after

discuss10n between LEN - PERC!TEL and the Project Leader of Lhe

e:...11ert L 0am.

To assur0 a good de\·elopment and a r:ood reaJ izat ion of the project,

it wa,.c; recormiencled to 1imit the fu11 ｳ ｵｮ ﾷ ･ｾ ﾷ＠ and the full ｡ｮ｡ｬｾﾷｳ｣＠

at 5 sites (area's).

2.l. Data Collection

Forecast of ｾｵ｢ｳ｣ｲｩ｢･ｲ＠ Lines and Junctions (short tenn

and long term).

a) Field Thi.ta on actual subscriber density, subscriber

demand, subscriber distribution over the area .

b) f\'olution of Subscriber demand

c) Field Data and site surveys to Pstimate typjcal patterns

for exchanfre interconnection and local outside plant

implanentation .

2.2. nata f\aluation

a) llefinition of tn)ical suh nrea's \\'ith same pararreters

on 1xipul at ion, economy, welfare penetration, density

cif telephones.

b) Define representative nen\ork on maps.

-a) Propagation measurements

b) Tran911ission measurerrents on cable plant

c) lDcal outside plant requirement

d) Trunk networl< requirement

e) Examination of possible routes between all exchange

sites and to the P . C. or S . C. (Toll exchanges), taking

into account the eventual existing routes.

(The area can be divided in North - South - West - East

- Centre if necessary)

f) Establishment of Path Profi les

2.4. Evaluation of study

a) PJacement of local exchanges and Rerrote Line 1: . ."nits

toge-ther with appropri2.te outside Plan (areal - lU1derground

- P01 Connections).

b) Fvaluation of traffic capacity and distribution for SlDD

facilities.

c) Optimum structure of representative network.

-d) Transmission up to Toll Exchanges (PC or SC)

e) Dimentioning of spur and microwave routes together

ｾｾｴｨ＠ satellite routes (if any).

f) Guidelines for equipment capacities and capabilities

(Circuit and P.outing Evaluation).

g) Definition of type of equipment fitting the

require-ments for the typical networks (proposed transmission

Network) .

2.5 . Integ-ration Studies

a) Inter\\'orkinr- with existing J\utomatic and ｾＡ｡ｮｵ｡ｬ＠ Network .

lJ) Change-0\·er rranual to Automatic '.\etwork.

c) Integration of Digita1 Technology in the existing Analogue

Automatic Network.

-3.1. Netm)rk Planning (one expert)

3.1.1. Objective

a) Forecast of subscriber lines and junctors

(short term and long term)

b) Evaluation of study in view of the optimum

economical and technical solution of the project.

3.1.2. Task Description

a) As mentioned in 2.1 . a . and 2 . 1 .b.

b) Preparation of info regarding 2 .1. c . for

Traris-mission experts.

c) As mentioned in 2 . 2. (Together with

Transmission-expert)

d) As mentioned in 2.4.a - b - c

Corrputer will be used for calculation

- Placement of exchanges

Traffic ｾＡ｡ｴｲｩｸ＠ distribution

The computer facility could be provided at ｲｭｾ＠

centre or I'IB.

The corresponding "Object Tapes" will be lent

by fil'!ll.

e) As mentioned in 2 . 5 .

To be made in colla.ooration with the Telephone

Switching engineers .

-(two experts)

3.2.1. Objecti\·e

a) Sun·ey of several typical and representatin"

area's

b) EYaluation of study

3.2.2 . Task Description - expert 1

a) /\s rrentioned in 2.2.b .

Establjshment of site location rraps on scale

1/50. 000 \\i th

station narre

code number

altitude

coordinates (longitude and lattjtude)

topographical ｾＧ｡ｰ＠

b) As rrentioned in 2 . 3.

List of exchange sites measurerrents

-requirerrent - possible routes - Path Profile's

c) Assistance to expert 2 for realisation of 2 . 4.

(Evaluation of study)

-a) As mentioned in 2.1.c. together with Network

Planning engineer.

b) As mentioned in 2.4.

Evolution of study together with Net\vork ｐｬ｡ｮｮｩｮｾ＠

engineer and (assistance from the Telephone

Switching engineers) to provide :

- the summry of routing evaluation

- the calculation of required fW1ctors

- the proposed ｔｲ｡ｮｾＱｔｬｩｳｳｩ＠ on Network

- . the ｾ Ｑ_{｡ｴ･ｲｩ｡ｬ＠ List with Cost estimate}

-3.3. Telephone Switching - (two ex'J)erts)

ｾＮＳＮＱ Ｎ＠ O:>jective

a) Define different technical solutions for the

expansion of existing systffil.5 and for the

implerren-tation and integration of nev> Digital System or

i f rrore com·enient, Analogue Systems.

b) Discussion with the Network Planning and Transnission

experts to find the optimum economical and technical

solution for the project.

:i.3.2. Task Description - expert l

a) As mentioned in 2.4.f. and g. for existing analogue

equipment requirement in closed CCX)peration with the

:-.:etwork Planning and Trn.nsmiss:ion e>.}>erts.

b) As mentioned in 2.5.a.

Studies of the existing Toll 8\\1tching System for

the corresponding interworking and extension .

c) As mentioned in 2.5.b.

studies over the different possibilities to replace

a) As mentioned in 2.4. f and g for new digital

equipment i f analogue does not fit the requirements.

b) As mentioned in 2.5.b . and 2.5.c.

3.4. Additional Task of Experts

During all the evolution of the project, the counterpart frow.

LE.\. will assist the experts ma inly for data collection/ cvaJ uation and Transmission Network study .

1'!1e task of the eJ<.'J)erts wilJ also consist to train the

counter-part during alJ the phases of the project. This training will

not consist in nonna.l classical courses, but in discussion and

transfer of know how to be made during all the evolution of

the project.

S&I'le works will also be realised by the counterparts under the

supe.r"l:ision of the experts.

A good cooperation will be required between the counterpart

and the experts and for this reason, the both groups have to

work in the sarre site .

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CX.TTSIDE JAY/I ｈｾｆｈａｓｔｒｬ＠ ＧｃＱＱＮｬｾＮｆ＠ ｄｆｖｅｉｄｐｾＧｅｬ｜Ｂｔ＠

FELLOWSHIP

1. PROGRAM OBJECTIVES

GENERAL

To make the trainees familiar with the general a spec ts of a digital network. of which transmission and switching are the most

important components to handle the traffic generated by the sub-scribers in the network.

DIGITAL SWITCHING NETWORK PLAN.

To make the trainees familiar with the traffic models used in telecommunication and with the technique to elaborate switching projects regarding the technical and economical aspects,

DIGIT AL TRANSMISSION

To give the trainees a fairly good idea about the transmission aspects of a digital network.

DIGITAL SWITCHING "SYSTEM 12"

To expose the functional description and facilities of digital switching "system 12" ,

OPERATION AKD ｾＡａｩｬＧｔＧｔＧｅｎａｬＧｾｃｅ＠ FOR DIGITAL ｔｅｌｅｃｭ Ｑ_{ｾＱｲｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎ＠}

ｅｑｬ Ｑ _{ｉｐｾｾｅｎｔ＠}

To familiar the trainees on the right procedure regarding

operation and maintenance for ､ｩｾｩ＠ tal switching ''System

ｬｾＢ＠ and transmission.

-2. PROPOSED TRAINING PROGRAM DIGITAL NETWORKPLANNING

Duration 1n days

1. Introduction to digital telephony 3

2. Digital switching system 12 (functional description) 12 3. Review traffic theory (HT Probability loss

-formulaes) 2

4. Traffic matrices - theo ry

- exercises by means of computer 5. Networkplanning in a d i gital environment 5. 1. Rural networks

- theory

- exercises by means of computer 5. 2. National networks (hierarchical network)

- theory

- exerc is es by means of computer 5, 3 . Urban networks - P lacement of exchange

6.

7.

8.

- .Junction Netw . with Alt. Routing

- theory

- exercises by means of computer Transmission aspects of networkplanning

- PCM

- digital radio - optical fibres

- CCI TT /CCIR recommendation for digital transmission

Dimensioning 1240 exchanges - theory

- exercises by ineans of computer Miscellaneous

- Visit Belgian R TT

- Visit Earth station Lessive - Visits BTM plants

Total duration Preferable starting date: August 1982

Number of trainees: 4

Up to February 1983

- 2 ..

5 33 33 19 5 10 7

129 days

DIGIT AL TRANSMISSION

Duration in days A. DIGITAL SWITCHING

1. Introduction to digital telephony

2. Digital switching system 12 (functional description)

3. CHILL reading

4. ITT methodology (SAFP2, FMM) 5. 1240 de tailed software description

6. Operation routines

7. Man-machine operations

8. Operation of peripherals

3

12

5

2

12

1 4

9. Guidelines for operation routines administration 2

1 O. 1240 detailed description - maintenance

oriented 24

- documentation guide - system operations - scheduled maintenance - corrective maintenance - s ta ti s tic s

- extensions

- exercises on training exchange 11. Power supplies

12. Dimensioning 1240 exchanges - theory

- exercises by means of computer 13. Participation in 1240 engineering

3

-5

10

B. DIGITAL TRANSMISSION

1. Transmission through networks 2. Modulation techniques

3. Random signals & noise

4. Pulse code modulation systems 1st order - functional description

- detailed circuit description

5. Pulse code modulation systems higher order 6. Digital radio relay systems

- functional description

- detailed circuit description 7. Power systems for transmission

8. Introduction to fibre optics communication systems

9.

Satellite communication

lo.

Participation in transmission engineering C. MISCELLANEOUS

- Visits Belgian R TT

- Visit Earth Station Lessive - Visits BTM plants

Duration rn days

2 3 2

25

5

25

3

2 3 35

7

Total duration: 228 days (228 + 10

=

238 days)

238:5

=

48 Weeks

= 1 Year Preferable starting date: March 1983

Number of trainees: 8

-·l. PPOf'Cr'lJ l ＱＱＧＺ｜ｉｾｾｬＧｾｃ＠ T frrP..A'' !DI' ()J' IJ':'Tl0:'\ A\'ll ｾ ＱＯ｜ｬ＠ \'IT.\,\\(T

or

ｲｲｲｲｲｯＮｾｲｲＺＺｲ｣ａｔｉｾ＠ ｲｮｲｮＧｾＡｅＺＺｔＮ＠

It is prorx)spd tn start thj s tr:uni ng after the training- program

for dig1 tal S\d tching anci tranSTiission. In this case, some trainees

of the pre\·ious train inf ｰｲｯｾ｡ｭ＠ could continue the courses with the

present prowam.

To tal duration

Preferable start1ng date

up to

\11!"'1ber of trainees

PJUiRA\1

A. General and Introdurtory Items

1. Electronics

2. Progranming

3 . Te 1 ecorrmun i cations

B. Typical System 12 0 and ｾＮｾ＠ Items

1. ｾｲ｡ｴｩｯｮ＠

2. Hardware

3. Software

C. !terrs rela-red to Systan 12 0 and M

1. I\etwork Planning and Dimensio ning

Traffic

1 year

begin 1984

end 1984

6

2. Centralized Maintenance Centre S. 1290

3 . Reliability

Total

::>

-Duration

Incta::S

55

128

47

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Description

1 . Strip chart recorders

'"i th spare rol of paper

2. Field strength rrcter

including antennas, tri-pool, rm.st

3. Power signal generator

4. Omi Directional Antenna

H? 680

R & S llFU2

R 8: S SWl.'

R & S

5. A. Telephone Line Analyser HP3770B

B. Da:ta Line Analyser HP3771A

6. 7.4 GHz SUITey equiprient

canplete with 2 antennas,

cables. batteries, tripool

7. ｾｬ･｡ｳｵｲｩｮｻＡ＠ lines 30 rn

8. K0!11pass DPJTil-l/ICPT CO\li\T

9. Theodolite .JT.KATI1ID)

ｏｊＮｏＮｾ＠ with 900 \·iewers

10 . Pocket calculators HP41C

v. 1th printer

11. Camera ｾﾷＱｩｮｯｬｴ｡＠ XG-1

Lens 2/45 and 3,5/135

Flash AGFA

ｾＲ Ｎ＠ Altimeters PALAB - 220 m

to 3420 m

13. Quartz watches SEIKO

14 . Portable transc:eh·er

f;O ｾｬｈｺＯｓｗ＠

15. I3i nocu 1 ars ｂｒｅｎｾ＠

16. ｔｨ･ｮｲｯｲｾｴ･ｲ＠ - 10° /+60° an0.casc

17 . Naut ica 1 A lrnanacs

18. ｐｯｲｴ｡ｨｬｾ＠ AC ｇｾ ｮ ｳ･ｴ＠

40105 (10 x 50)

Years 1982 , 1983 , 1984

220\.. AC' /'.21\'\'A