Efek Ekstrak Etanol Daun Sirih Merah (EEDSM) Terhadap Penurunan Kadar Gula Darah Serta Gambaran Histologi Pankreas Mencit (Mus Musculus L) Diabetes

LAMPIRAN

Purata

94,0 319,7

197,0

161,0

162,0

Lampiran 6. Profil kadar gula darah mencit diabetes yang diberi ekstrak sirih

merah

Jenis Perlakuan

BB

Kadar Gula Darah (mg/dL)

Jenis Perlakuan

BB

Kadar Gula Darah (mg/dL)

Jenis Perlakuan

BB

Kadar Gula Darah (mg/dL)

0 hari 1 hari 3 hari 5 hari 7 hari 9 hari

11

hari

6

31,9

98

514

536

416

327

268

187

purata

97,8

518,5 439,8 341,2 263,3 219,0 171,8

Lampiran 7. Berat pankreas mencit diabetes yang diberi ekstrak etanol sirih

merah dengan kontrol positif metformin.

Jenis Perlakuan

N

Pankreas (mg)

Jenis Perlakuan

N

Pankreas (mg)

metformin 10 mg/kg BB

Jenis Perlakuan

N

Pankreas (mg)

EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB,

preventif

1

156

2

127

3

189

4

198

5

163

6

154

Purata

164,5

Lampiran 8. Data berat badan mencit diabetes yang diberi ekstrak etanol sirih

merah dengan kontrol positif metformin

Jenis Perlakuan

metformin 10 mg/kg BB

1 38,5

34

33,1

31,7

31,1

30,7

30

2 31

24,3

26,5

28,2

29,3

28

28,7

3 39,2

29,7

31,3

29,7

31,5

33,4

34,5

4 35,5

31

30,6

31,8

32,4

31

32,8

Perlakuan

metformin 10 mg/kg BB

1 38,5

30

-8,5

-22,1

2 31

28,7

-2,3

-7,4

3 39,2

34,5

-4,7

-12,0

4 35,5

32,8

-2,7

-7,6

Perlakuan

BB awal

(g)

BB hari

ke-11 (g)

Perubahan BB

selisih

%

6 31,9

29,5

-2,4

-7,5

Purata

34,8

31,1

-3,7

-10,3

Sd

3,5

2,2

2,6

6,2

EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB, preventif

1 29,2

33,2

4,0

13,7

2 28

22

-6,0

-21,4

3 27,7

31,8

4,1

14,8

4 28,9

37,6

8,7

30,1

5 26,5

30

3,5

13,2

6 33,2

33,6

0,4

1,2

Purata

28,9

31,4

2,5

8,6

Lampiran 10. Analisis data statistik kadar gula darah toleransi yang diinduksi

d-glukosa

Analisis normalitas data dengan metode uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov

One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test

awal

Normal Parametersa,b Mean 89,80 246,93 165,93 124,60 130,13 Std. Deviation 6,494 70,142 47,448 34,678 44,107 a. Test distribution is Normal.

b. Calculated from data.

Analisis data dengan menggunakan Anova satu arah

ANOVA

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Awal Between Groups 97,067 4 24,267 ,492 ,742

Within Groups 493,333 10 49,333

Total 590,400 14

menit_ke_30 Between Groups 28618,933 4 7154,733 1,777 ,210 Within Groups 40260,000 10 4026,000

menit_ke_60 Between Groups 9478,267 4 2369,567 1,075 ,419 Within Groups 22040,667 10 2204,067

Total 31518,933 14

menit_ke_90 Between Groups 9818,267 4 2454,567 3,498 ,049 Within Groups 7017,333 10 701,733

Total 16835,600 14

menit_ke_120 Between Groups 16608,400 4 4152,100 3,907 ,037 Within Groups 10627,333 10 1062,733

Total 27235,733 14

Uji lanjutan rerata dengan menggunakan uji Duncan

awal

Duncana

Perlakuan N

Subset for alpha = 0.2

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3,000.

Duncana

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3,000.

menit_ke_60

menit_ke_90

Duncana

perlakuan N

Subset for alpha = 0.2

1 2 3

Metformin 10 mg/kg BB 3 87,33

EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB 3 105,67 105,67

EEDSM 10 mg/kg BB 3 133,00 133,00 CMC 0,5% 3 136,00 136,00 EEDSM 1000 mg/kg BB 3 161,00

Sig. ,416 ,210 ,245

Lampiran 11. Analisis data statistik kadar gula darah mencit diabetes yang

diinduksi aloksan

Analisis normalitas data dengan metode uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov

One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test

KGD_normal KGD_hari_ke_1 KGD_hari_ke_3

N 42 42 42

Normal Parametersa,b Mean 98,3810 374,8333 347,5238 Std. Deviation 11,63668 211,13606 198,96859 Most Extreme Differences Absolute ,076 ,293 ,243

Positive ,061 ,172 ,159 Negative -,076 -,293 -,243 Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z ,494 1,899 1,577 Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,968 ,001 ,014

Normal Parametersa,b _{Mean 306,1463 272,6585 225,359 217,1538}

Std. Deviation 180,25809 172,2403 3

148,2000 119,14002

Most Extreme Differences Absolute ,175 ,134 ,097 ,205 Positive ,144 ,097 ,090 ,205 Negative -,175 -,134 -,097 -,153 Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z 1,121 ,856 ,608 1,280 Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,162 ,456 ,854 ,076

ANOVA

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. KGD_normal Between Groups 1367,905 6 227,984 1,907 ,107

Within Groups 4184,000 35 119,543

Total 5551,905 41

KGD_hari_ke_1 Between Groups 1765346,667 6 294224,444 165,111 ,000 Within Groups 62369,167 35 1781,976

Total 1827715,833 41

KGD_hari_ke_3 Between Groups 1538411,476 6 256401,913 105,930 ,000 Within Groups 84717,000 35 2420,486

Total 1623128,476 41

KGD_hari_ke_5 Between Groups 1241475,822 6 206912,637 120,787 ,000 Within Groups 58243,300 34 1713,038

Total 1299719,122 40

KGD_hari_ke_7 Between Groups 1122279,420 6 187046,570 98,767 ,000 Within Groups 64389,800 34 1893,818

Total 1186669,220 40

KGD_hari_ke_9 Between Groups 784049,808 6 130674,968 82,717 ,000 Within Groups 50553,167 32 1579,786

Total 834602,974 38

KGD_hari_ke_11 Between Groups 499256,077 6 83209,346 66,353 ,000 Within Groups 40129,000 32 1254,031

Total 539385,077 38

KGD_normal

Duncana

Perlakuan N

Subset for alpha = 0.2

1 2 3

Preventif, EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6,000.

KGD_hari_ke_1

Duncana

Perlakuan N

Subset for alpha = 0.2

1 2 3 4 5

Preventif, EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB

6 ,0000

base line 6 110,8333

EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB 6 470,6667

EEDSM 200 mg/kg BB 6 482,8333 482,8333

Kontrol negatif, CMC 0,5% 6 513,3333 513,3333

metformin 10 mg/kg BB 6 518,5000

Sig. 1,000 1,000 ,621 ,219 ,585

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6,000.

KGD_hari_ke_3

Duncana

Perlakuan N

Subset for alpha = 0.2

1 2 3 4 5 6

Preventif, EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB

Kontrol negatif, CMC 0,5% 6 548,1667

Sig. 1,000 1,000 1,000 ,633 ,298 1,000

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6,000.

KGD_hari_ke_5

Duncana,b

Perlakuan N

Subset for alpha = 0.2

1 2 3 4 5 6

Preventif, EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB

base line 6 110,8333

metformin 10 mg/kg BB 6 341,1667 EEDSM 200 mg/kg BB 6 347,8333

EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB 6 406,0000

EEDSM 50 mg/kg BB 6 438,0000

Kontrol negatif, CMC 0,5% 5 537,8000

Sig. 1,000 1,000 ,785 1,000 1,000 1,000

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 5,833.

b. The group sizes are unequal. The harmonic mean of the group sizes is used. Type I error levels are not guaranteed.

KGD_hari_ke_7

Duncana,b

Perlakuan N

Subset for alpha = 0.2

1 2 3 4 5 6

Preventif, EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB

Kontrol negatif, CMC 0,5% 5 552,2000

Sig. 1,000 1,000 ,340 1,000 1,000 1,000

KGD_hari_ke_5

Duncana,b

Perlakuan N

Subset for alpha = 0.2

1 2 3 4 5 6

Preventif, EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB

Kontrol negatif, CMC 0,5% 5 537,8000

Sig. 1,000 1,000 ,785 1,000 1,000 1,000

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 5,833.

b. The group sizes are unequal. The harmonic mean of the group sizes is used. Type I error levels are not guaranteed.

EEDSM 50 mg/kg BB 6 357,500

Kontrol negatif, CMC 0,5% 3 530,667

Sig. 1,000 1,000 ,746 1,000 1,000 1,000

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 5,250.

b. The group sizes are unequal. The harmonic mean of the group sizes is used. Type I error levels are not guaranteed. Preventif, EEDSM 100 mg/kg

BB

6 183,3333 183,3333

EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB 6 210,5000

EEDSM 50 mg/kg BB 6 320,0000

Kontrol negatif, CMC 0,5% 3 541,6667

Sig. 1,000 ,240 ,602 ,223 1,000 1,000

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 5,250.

Lampiran 12. Analisis data statistik berat badan mencit diabetes yang diinduksi

aloksan

Analisis normalitas data dengan metode uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov

BB_awal BB_hari_ke_1 BB_hari_ke_3 BB_hari_ke_5

N 42 42 42 41

Normal Parametersa,b Mean 33,3571 27,0786 26,4214 26,7171 Std. Deviation 3,86259 11,58958 11,13961 11,36439 Most Extreme Differences Absolute ,121 ,296 ,343 ,381

Positive ,121 ,189 ,205 ,233 Negative -,069 -,296 -,343 -,381 Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z ,784 1,922 2,223 2,441 Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,570 ,001 ,000 ,000

BB_hari_ke_7 BB_hari_ke_9 BB_hari_ke_11

N 41 39 39

Normal Parametersa,b Mean 27,1659 26,9769 32,4821 Std. Deviation 11,68042 12,06597 4,13011 Most Extreme Differences Absolute ,353 ,337 ,091

Analisis data dengan menggunakan Anova satu arah

ANOVA

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. BB_awal Between Groups 390,853 6 65,142 10,324 ,000

Within Groups 220,850 35 6,310

Total 611,703 41

BB_hari_ke_1 Between Groups 5294,399 6 882,400 145,233 ,000 Within Groups 212,652 35 6,076

Total 5507,051 41

BB_hari_ke_3 Between Groups 4915,566 6 819,261 166,550 ,000 Within Groups 172,165 35 4,919

Total 5087,731 41

BB_hari_ke_5 Between Groups 5075,859 6 845,977 319,170 ,000 Within Groups 90,119 34 2,651

Total 5165,978 40

BB_hari_ke_7 Between Groups 5342,734 6 890,456 264,281 ,000 Within Groups 114,558 34 3,369

Total 5457,292 40

BB_hari_ke_9 Between Groups 5290,553 6 881,759 116,704 ,000 Within Groups 241,777 32 7,556

Total 5532,329 38

BB_hari_ke_11 Between Groups 236,684 6 39,447 3,067 ,017 Within Groups 411,513 32 12,860

BB_awal Preventif, EEDSM 100 mg/kg

BB

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 6,000.

BB_hari_ke_1

Duncana

Perlakuan N

Subset for alpha = 0.2

1 2 3

Sig. 1,000 ,578 ,862

Lampiran 13. Analisis data statistik perubahan berat badan mencit diabetes yang

diinduksi aloksan

Analisis normalitas data dengan metode uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov

One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test

Perubahan_BB

N 42

Normal Parametersa,b Mean -,2690 Std. Deviation 15,03043 Most Extreme Differences Absolute ,101

Positive ,087 Negative -,101 Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z ,652 Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,789 a. Test distribution is Normal.

b. Calculated from data.

Analisis data dengan menggunakan Anova satu arah

ANOVA

Perubahan_BB

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 5160,508 6 860,085 7,339 ,000 Within Groups 4101,962 35 117,199

Total 9262,470 41

Perubahan_BB

Duncana

Perlakuan N

Subset for alpha = 0.2

1 2 3 4

Kontrol negatif, CMC 0,5% 6 -12,4167 EEDSM 50 mg/kg BB 6 -12,0167 metformin 10 mg/kg BB 6 -10,2500

EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB 6 -1,3000

EEDSM 200 mg/kg BB 6 7,4500

Preventif, EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB

6 8,6000

base line 6 18,0500

Sig. ,747 1,000 ,855 1,000

Lampiran 14. Analisis data statistik berat pankreas mencit diabetes yang

diinduksi aloksan

Analisis normalitas data dengan metode uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov

One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test

Berat_Pankreas

N 39

Normal Parametersa,b Mean 164,72 Std. Deviation 30,527 Most Extreme Differences Absolute ,124

Positive ,124 Negative -,091 Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z ,776 Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,583 a. Test distribution is Normal.

b. Calculated from data.

Analisis data dengan menggunakan Anova satu arah

ANOVA

Berat_Pankreas

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 21918,731 6 3653,122 8,664 ,000 Within Groups 13493,167 32 421,661

Total 35411,897 38

Uji lanjutan rerata dengan menggunakan uji Duncan

Berat_Pankreas

Perlakuan N

Subset for alpha = 0.2

1 2 3 4

Kontrol negatif, CMC 0,5% 3 129,00 metformin 10 mg/kg BB 6 140,33 base line 6 146,00 Preventif, EEDSM 100 mg/kg

BB

6 164,50

EEDSM 50 mg/kg BB 6 165,50

EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB 6 183,83

EEDSM 200 mg/kg BB 6 206,00

Sig. ,215 ,938 1,000 1,000

Lampiran 15. Perhitungan luas pulau langerhans pankreas

Pada perhitungan luas pulau langerhans di ambil contoh pada preparat histologi

pankreas kelompok normal

Perhitungan luas pulau langerhans pankreas mencit menggunakan persamaan

matematika :

½ π

x jari-jari minor x jari-jari mayor

Jari-jari mayor = ½ x diameter mayor

= ½ x 131 µm

= 65,5 µm

Jari-jari minor = ½ x diameter minor

= ½ x 40 µm

= 20 µm

Luas pulau langerhans adalah = ½ π jari

-jari minor x jari-jari mayor

½ π x 20 x65,5 = 2058,5 µ

m

2

40 µm

Lampiran 16. Luas pulau langerhans pankreas mencit yang diberi ekstrak daun

sirih merah

Perlakuan

n

diameter (µm)

jari-jari (µm)

Perlakuan

n

diameter (µm)

jari-jari (µm)

luas

metformin 10 mg/kg BB

Perlakuan

n

diameter (µm)

jari-jari (µm)

luas

mayor

minor

mayor

minor

purata

693,4

sd

254,6

EEDSM 100 mg/kg BB,

preventif

1

116

51

58,0

25,5

2324,1

2

151

66

75,4

33,2

3927,8

3

139

61

69,6

30,6

3346,8

4

99

43

49,3

21,7

1679,2

5

93

41

46,4

20,4

1487,5

6

133

59

66,7

29,3

3073,7

purata

2639,8

Lampiran 17. Analisis statistik luas pulau langerhans pankreas yang diberi

ekstrak daun sirih merah

Analisis normalitas dengan metode Kolmogorov-Smirnov

One-Sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test

luas_pulau_langerh ans

N 42

Normal Parametersa,b Mean 1393,4762 Std. Deviation 1070,53435 Most Extreme Differences Absolute ,155

Positive ,155 Negative -,119 Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z 1,008 Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed) ,262 a. Test distribution is Normal.

b. Calculated from data.

Analisis Anova dan uji beda rerata Duncan

ANOVA

luas_pulau_langerhans

Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Between Groups 34005544,723 6 5667590,787 15,280 ,000 Within Groups 12982250,873 35 370921,454

Duncana

Perlakuan N

Subset for alpha = 0.2

1 2 3

Kontrol negatif, CMC 0,5% 6 231,1167

EESM 50 mg/kg BB 6 677,8000 677,8000 metformin 10 mg/kg BB 6 693,4167 693,4167 EESM 100 mg/kg BB 6 957,1333

EESM 200 mg/kg BB 6 2216,8167

base line 6 2338,2000

Preventif, EESM 100 mg/kg BB 6 2639,8500

Sig. ,223 ,460 ,265