DAFTAR PUSTAKA. Agarwal VK, Sinclair JB Principle of Seed Pathology. Florida: CRC Press Inc.

(1)

42

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

Agarwal VK, Sinclair JB. 1996. Principle of Seed Pathology. Florida: CRC Press

Inc.

Albrechtsen SE. 2006. Testing Methods for Seed-transmitted Viruses: Principles andPprotocols. Wallingford: CABI Publishing

APS. 1997. Compendium of Lettuce Diseases. Minnesota: APS Press

Arnal C, Ferre-Aubineau V, Besse B, Mignote B, Schwartzbrod L, Biliaudel S. 1999. Comparison of seven RNA extraction methods on stool and shelfish samples prior to Hepatitis A virus amplification. J. virol. Meth. 77: 17-26 CABI. 2007. Crop Protection Compendium. Wallingford: CAB International. Calayani K, Sercei CU, Gazel M, Jelkman W. 2006 Detection of Four Apple

Viruses by ELISA and RT-PCR Assays in Turkey. Turk J Agric For 30: 241-246

Dietzgen RG. 2002. Application of PCR in plant virology. Di dalam: Khan JA, Djikstra J, editor. Plant Viruses as Molecular Pathogens. Oxford: Food products press. hlm. 471-500

Dixon GR. 2007. Vegetable Brassicas and Related crucifers. Reading: CAB International

Firdaus. 2005. Deteksi dan karakterisasi Turnip mosaic virus penyebab penyakit mosaik pada tanaman caisin (Brassica campestris L. Subsp. chinensis (Rupr.) Olsson). [tesis] Bogor: Sekolah Pasca Sarjana. Fakultas Peranian. Institut Pertanian Bogor

Gambino G, Gribaudo I. 2006. Simultaneous detection of nine grapevine viruses by multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction with coamplification of a plant RNA as internal control. Phytopathology 96:1223-1229.

Gera A, Lampel M, Cohen J, Rosner A. 2001. Okra (Hibiscus esculentus)—A new host of Turnip mosaic virus in Israel. Plant Dis. 85(3): 336

Henson M J, French R. 1993. The polymerase chain reaction and plant disease

diagnosis. Annu. Rev. Phytopathol. 31: 81-109.

www.annualreviews.org/aronline [26 januari 2008]

Hodgson RAJ, Wall GC, Randles JW. 1998. Specific identification of Coconut tinangaja viroid for differential field diagnosis of viroids in coconut palm. Phytopathology 88:774-781.

(2)

43

Keinath P A. 2005. Reservoir Weed Hosts for Turnip mosaic virus in Iran. Plant Dis 89(3): 33Noad B. 2004. Virus diseases in canola and mustard. New South Wales: NSW Department of primary industries. www.agric.nsw.gov.au

Khan AJ, Djikstra J. 2002. Seed transmission of viruses: Biological and molecular insights. Di dalam: Khan JA, Djikstra J, editor. Plant Viruses as Molecular Pathogens. Oxford: Food products press. hlm. 105 - 126

Kiefer E, Heller W, Ernst D. 2000. A simple and eficient protocol for isolation of functional RNA from plant tisuues rich in secondary metabolites. Plant Mol. Bio. Rep. 18: 33–39

Lee SC, Chang YC. 2006. Multiplex RT-PCR detection of two orchid viruses with an internal control of plant nad5 mRNA. Plant Pathology Bulletin 15: 187-196.

Lee YB, Lim HR, Choi JY, Ryu KH. 2004. Development of molecular detection of three species of seed-transmissible viruses useful for plant quarantine. Plant Pathol. J. 20(4) : 302-307

Li R, Mock R, huang Q, Abad J, Hartung J, Kinard G. 2008. A reliable and inexpensive method of nucleic acid extraction for the PCR based detection of diverse plant pathogen. J. Virol. Meth. 154: 58-55

Lin C C & Lian L S. 1993. Comparative cruciferous host symptoms isolated in Taiwan. Jour. Agric. Res. China. 32(4) : 367-372

Macfarlane DE, Dahle CE. 1998. Introduction to isolating RNA. Di dalam: Rapley R, Manning DL, Editor. RNA Isolation and Characterization Protocols. New Jersey: Humana Press. hlm. 1-6

Merante F, Raha S, Reed JK, Proteau G. 1996. The simultaneous isolation of RNA and DNA from tissues and cultured cells. Di dalam: Harwood A, Editor. Basic DNA and RNA Protocols. Totowa: Humana Press hlm. 1-6 Morrison, R. H. 1999. Sampling in seed health testing. Phytopathology

89:1084-1087.

Narayanasamy P. 2008. Molecular Biology in Plant Pathogenesis and Disease Management. Coimbatore: Springer

Nicolas O, Laliberte JF. 1992. The complete nucleotide sequence of Turnip mosaic potyvirus RNA. J. Gen. Virol. 73: 2785-2793

Noad B, editor. 2004. Virus diseases in canola and mustard. New South Wales: Agnote. www.agric.nsw.gov.au. [20 Januari 2009]

(3)

44

Rapley R, Heptinstall J. 1998. Di dalam: Rapley R, Manning DL, Editor. RNA Isolation and Characterization Protocols. New Jersey: Humana Press hlm. 65-68

Revers F, Gall OL, Candresse T, Maule AJ. New Advances in Understanding the Molecular Biology of Plant/Potyvirus Interactions. MPMI 12 (5): 367–376 Reeves J C, 1998. Molecular diagnostics for pathogen detection in seeds and

planting materials. Plant cell tissue and organ culture 52: 33-39

Rusli ES, Hidayat SH, Suastika G, Kartosuwondo U. 2007. Kisaran dan keragaman gejala infeksi Turnip mosaic virus. J. Perlin. Tan. Ind.13:22-34 Siemonsma JS, Piluek K (Editor). 1994. Plant Resources of South East Asia No.

8: Vegetables. Bogor: Prosea

Sipahioglu HM. 2005. Comparison of DAS-ELISA and RT-PCR methods for the Detection of Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV). J. Agric. Sci. 15(2): 153-158

Stavolone L, Alioto D, Ragozzino A, and Laliberté J-F. 1998. Variability among Turnip mosaic potyvirus isolates. Phytopathology 88:1200-1204

Suehiro N, Natsuaki T, Watanabe T, Okuda S. 2004. An important determinant of the ability of Turnip mosaic virus to infect Brassica spp. and/or Raphanus sativus is in its P3 protein. J. Gen. virol. 85: 2087–2098

Webster C G, Wylie1 S J, Jones M G K. 2004. Diagnosis of plant viral pathogens. Current Science 12:1604-1607

(4)

45

LAMPIRAN

(5)

46

Lampiran 1. Data kemurnian dan konsentrasi (µg/ml) masing-masing metode ektraksi RNA pada stadia perkembangan benih caisin yang berbeda

Benih

Willey Randles RNeasy

No kemurnian konsentrasi kemurnian konsentrasi kemurnian konsentrasi

1 1,55 8,15 1,46 8,41 2,04 3,09 2 1,47 8,39 1,44 9,59 2,15 3,38 3 1,57 8,2 1,44 9,71 1,98 5,09 4 1,32 8,98 1,43 9,66 2,1 3,62 5 1,41 8,77 1,19 10,11 3,07 0,16 6 1,74 7,21 1,42 9,48 2,29 2,18 Rata2 1,51 8,2833333 1,396667 9,4933333 2,271667 2,92 SD 0,145465 0,6181154 0,102111 0,5723868 0,405138 1,6495211 Kecambah 3 hari

1 1,21 8,61 1,16 9,8 1,64 7,93 2 1,21 8,9 1,17 9,28 1,66 7,9 3 1,34 8,68 1,17 9,33 1,83 5,99 4 1,19 9,15 1,18 9,27 1,69 7,72 5 1,22 8,89 1,17 9,26 1,59 8,44 6 1,21 9,83 1,17 9,36 1,65 7,15 Rata2 1,23 9,01 1,17 9,3833333 1,676667 7,5216667 SD 0,054772 0,4443872 0,006325 0,2077178 0,081894 0,8575177

(6)

47

Lampiran 2. Data kemurnian dan konsentrasi (µg/ml) masing-masing metode ektraksi RNA pada stadia perkembangan benih millet yang berbeda

Benih

No Kemurnian Konsentrasi Kemurnian Konsentrasi Kemurnian Konsentrasi

1 1,23 8,27 1,37 7,54 1,46 8,71 2 1,24 7,99 1,17 7,97 1,83 6,35 3 1,26 8,17 1,21 7,54 1,51 8,55 4 1,12 8,40 1,15 7,95 1,53 8,73 5 1,15 8,11 1,13 8,09 1,48 8,72 6 1,16 8,16 1,19 7,94 1,63 7,85 Rata2 1,1994667 8,18913333 1,20805 7,84253333 1,5777333 8,15566667 SD 0,0560324 0,13839871 0,086536 0,24048892 0,1388373 0,94482142

(7)