71
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Adinugraha, M. P.2004. Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Sodium Karboksimetilselulosa dari Selulosa Batang Semu Pisang Cavendish (Musa cavendishii LAMBERT exPAXTON).Tesis.Program Pasca Sarjana UGM.Yogyakarta.
Adinugraha, M. P., Djagal W. M., dan Haryadi.2005. Synthesis and Characterization of Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose from Cavendish Banana Pseudo Stem (Musa cavendishii LAMBERT).Carbohydrate Polymers.62:164-169.
Ambriz, S. L. R, J. J. L. Hernandes, E. A. Acevendo, J. Tovar dan L. A. B. Perez.2008.Characterization of a Fiber-Rich Powder Prepared by Liquefaction of Unripe Banana Flour.Food Chemistry.107:1515-1521.
Anonim.1994.ASTMD-1439-Standart Test Methods for Sodium Carboxylmethyl Cellulose.
Anonim.2007.International Cocoa Organization Annual Report 2007/2008. The International Cocoa Organizattion (ICCO). London.
Anonim.2014.Statistik Perkebunan Indonesia 2013-2015.Ditjen Pekebunan Departemen Pertanian RI.
Arnelli, M.S.H., Yoga S., dan Yayuk Astuti.2006. Pengaktifan Kapas sebagai Resin Penukar Kation asam Lemah. Jurnal Sains dan Matematika, 14(4):165-167.
Beckket, S. T.2009. Industrial Chocolat Manufacture and Use 4th edition.
Wiley-blackwell:York,UK.
Bintoro, M. H.1997.Periode Cukup Panen, Panen dan Periode setelah Panen Coklat.IPB Press:Bogor.
72
Browning, B. L.1967.Methodes of wood Chemistry. Vol II. Interscience Publisher A Division of John Wiley and Sons. New York. USA.
Coffey, D. G., Bell, D. A. dan Henderson, A.1995. Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives In: Stephen, A. M. (editor). Food Polysaccharides and Their Applications. Marcel Dekker, Inc: New York. pp. 123-154
Ferdiansyah, M. K.2013. Isolasi Selulosa Dan Sintesis Karboksil Metil Selulosa (CMC) Dari Pelepah Kelapa Sawit.Tesis.Program Pasca Sarjana UGM.Yogyakarta.
Chen, J. dan Jane, J.1994.Preparation of granula cold-water-soluble-starchess by alcoholic-alkaline treatment.Chereal Chem.71:618.
Cheng, H.N. dan Atanu B..2011.Chemical Modification of Cotton-based natural Materials:Products from Carboxymethylation.Carbohydrate Polymers.84:1004–1010.
Datta, R.1981.Acidogenic fermentation of Lignocellulose-acid and Conversion of Components.Biothecnology and Bioenginering.23(9):2167-2170.
Durgin, A. G..1957. The Alkaline Process. In : Calkin, J.B. and G.G. Withman (editor) Medern Pulp Paper Making. 3rd. Reinhold Publising Corp. New
York. USA.
Granström, M..2009. Cellulose Derivatives: Synthesis, Properties and Applications.Department of ChemistryFaculty of Science University of Helsinki:Finland.
Haleem, N., Muhammad A., Muhammad S, dan Muhammad A.Tahir.2014. Syntesis of Carboxymetyl Cellulose from Waste of Cotton Ginning Industry. Carbohydrate polymer.113:249-255.
Heinze, T., dan Pfeiffer, K.1999.Studies on The Synthesis and Characterization of Carboxymethylcellulose.Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie.266:37-45.
73
Hidayat, C., M. Danu P. Kuntoro, Pudhji Hastuti, Djajeng Sumangat, dan Tatang Hidayati.2008.Optimasi Sintesis Metil Oleat Menggunakan Biokatalis Lipase dari Kecambah Biji Jatropha curcas L.J. Pascapanen.5(2):1-9.
Horner, S., Puls J., Saake B., Klohr E.A. dan Thielking H. 1999. Enzyme aided characterization of carboxymethylcellulose. Carbohydrate Polymers. 40:17.
Hutomo, G. S.2012. Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Turunan Selulosa Dari Pod Husk Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.). Disertasi. Program Pasca Sarjana UGM.Yogyakarta.
Hutomo, G. S., Djagal W. Marseno, Sri Angrahini dan Supriyanto.2012. Synthesis and Characterization of Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose from Pod Husk of Cacao (Theobroma Cacao L.).African Journal of Food Scrience. 6(6):180-185.
Imeson, A., 2010. Thickening and Gelling Agents for Food. Seccond edition An Aspen Publication: Maryland.
Isnaini, N., Alfian F. Hadi, dan Bagus Juliyanto.2012.Model Permukaan Respon pada Percobaan Faktorial.Majalah Ilmiah Matematika dan Statistik:12:24-32.
Larsen, F. H., Michael S. dan Jens S..2012. Hydration properties of regioselectively etherified celluloses monitored by 2H and 13C solid-state MAS NMR spectroscopy. Carbohydrate Polymers.89:640– 647.
Lehninger. Principle of Biochemistry. W. H. Freeman:New York.
Lii, C., Zaleska, H. dan Tomasik ,P .2002.Electrosynthesis of Carboxymethylcellulose-Ovoalbumin Complexes. Journal of Food Engineering.53:249-257.
Mariani.2011.Ekstraksi dan Indetifikasi Senyawa Polifenol dalam Kulit Biji Kakao dan Potensinya sebagai Antioksidan.Tesis.FTP Universitas Gadjah Mada.Yogyakarta.
74
Mailinda, R. A., 2012. Pengaruh Konsentrasi Natrium Hidroksida (NaOH) Terhadap Karakterisasi Selulosa dari Kulit Biji Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.).Skripsi. FTP. Universitas Gadjah Mada.Yogyakarta.
Minifie, B.W. dan C. Chem FRS-C. 1982. Chocolate Cocoa and Confectionary Westport:The AVI Publising.
Nisa, D. dan Widya D. R. P..2014. Pemanfaatan Selulosa Dari Kulit Buah Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.)sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan CMC.Jurnal Pangan dan Agroindustri.2:3:34-42.
Nurhidayati dan Djati H. Salimy.2008.Metode Permukaan Respon dan Aplikasinya pada Optimasi Eksperimen Kimia.Risalah Lokakarya Komputasi Dalam Sains Dan Teknologi Nuklir:373-391.
Orahmahi, H. A.,2008.Teori dan Aplikasi Penggunaan RSM (Respon Surface Methodology).Ardana Media.Yogyakarta.
Pujokaroni, A.S.2014.Sintesis dan Karakterisasi Sodium Karbosimetilasi Selulosa dari Sabut Kelapa Sawit.Tesis.Program Pascasarjana UGM: Yogyakarta.
Pushpamalar, V., S. J. Langford, M. Ahmad dan Y. Y. Lim.2006.Optimization of Reaction Condition for Preparing Carboxymethyl cellulose from Sago Waste.Carbohydrate polymers.64:312-318.
Pomeranz, Y. dan Clifton E. M..1984.Food Analysis Theory and Practice.Spring Science and Business Media:US.
Rachtanapun, P., Suwaporn L., Krittika T. dan Rungsiri S..2012.Carboxymethyl cellulose Film from Durian Rind.LWT - Food Science and Technology.48: 52-58.
Redgwell, R. V. Trovato, S. Merinat, D. Curti, S. Hediger, dan A. Manez. 2003.Dietary fibre in cocoa shell: characterisation of component Polysaccharides. Food Chemistry.8:1103–112.
75
Riyanselina, J.2012.Pengaruh Sistem Pelarut dalam Lama Ekstraksi Kulit Biji Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) terhadap Rendemen dan Intensitas Warna Ekstrak.Skripsi.FTP Universitas Gadjah Mada.Yogyakarta.
Rossel, C.M., Santos, E., dan Collar, C.2009. Physico-chemical Properties of Commercial Fibers from Different Sources: A Comparative Approach. Journal of Food Research International.42: 176-184.
Rodriguez-Ambriz, S.L., J. J. Islas-Hernandez, E. Agama-Acevedo, J. Tovar dan L. A. BelloPerez.2008.Characterization of a Fiber-rich Powder Prepared by Luquefaction of Unripe Banana Flour.Food Chemistry.107:1515-1521.
Sjostrom, E.1998.Kimia Kayu Dasar-Dasar dan Pengginaan.Ed 2. Gadjah Mada University of Caroline.New York.
Spillane, J.1995. Komoditi Kakao, Peranannya dalam Perekonomian Indonesia.Kanisius.Yogyakarta.
Tambunan, E. C..2016.Sitesis dan Karakterisasi Hidroksi Propil Metil Selulosa Mesocarp Kelapa Muda.Tesis. FTP Universitas Gadjah Mada.Yogyakarta.
Togrul, H., dan Arslan, N. (2003). Production of Carboxymethyl cellulose from Sugar Beet Pulp Cellulose and Rheological Behaviour of Carboxymethyl cellulose.Carbohydrate Polymers.54:73–82.
Ünlu, C.H..2013. Carboxymetyl Cellulose from Recycle Newspaper in Aqueous Medium.Carbohydrate Polymer.97:159-164.
Valencia, N. V., E. G. Perez, E. A. Acevedo, J. Tovar, J. Ruales, dan L. A. B. Perez.2007 Fibre Concentrate from Mango Fruit:Characterization, Associated Antioxidant Capacity and Application as a Bakery Product Ingredient. Journal of LWT.40:722-729.
76
Wang, Lu-feng, Si Yi Pan, Hao Hu, Wen-Hua Miao, dan Xio-Yun Xu.2010. Syntesis and Properties of Carboxymethyl Kudzu Root Strach.Carbohydrate Polymer.80:174-179.
Wüstegnberg, Tanja.2015.Cellulose and Derivatives in The Food Industry. Wiley-VCH GMBH&Co:Germany
Wijayani, Arum, Khoirul U., dan Siti Tjahjani.2005.Characterization Of Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) From Eichornia Crassipes (Mart) Solm).Indo. J.Chem.5(3):228-231.
Winarno,F. G.,2004. Kimia Pangan dan Gizi. PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama: Jakarta.
Yaşar, F. H, Togrul, dan N Arslan.2007. Flow Properties Of Cellulose and Carboxymethyl Cellulose From Orange Peel. Food Engineering.81:187-199.
Xiquan, L.,Q. Tingehu, dan Q. Shaoqui.1990.Kinetics of the carboxymethylation cellulose in the isoprophyl alcohol system. Acta Polymer.4:220-222.
Zhou, C., dan Wu, Q.2012.Recent Development in Applications of Cellulose Nanocrystals for Advance Polymer-Based Nanocomposites by Novel Fabrication Strategies.Intech.
