Pengelolaan Waktu Endap Dan Tingkat Kepadatan Lapangan Penumpukan Peti Kemas Di PT Jakarta International Container Terminal

! "# $ % &#$%' ( ) #$%* + ,-)) ,-)./ , #$% 0 1 0 2 * &2*' 3& 4 ' #$% 0 0! #$% 2* &56'" #$% 0 0 7 ! !!2*! _{7 0 0 8 0 !} 0 !& '!! ! !7 ! 00 0 "#$% &#$%' 0 0 ()54 40 #$%* + ! 0,-)),-)./,* 0 0 0 0 #$% 7 2*&2 * ' 0 3 4 #$% 07 ! #$% 0 2* 9 56&56 ' 0 #$% 2 7 7 7 7 0 4 0 !! ! ! ! " #$% !$%&'

( #&)**+,-./# #)**+01,-102/)&&%33 43 1536& 5

7% 4& ( "8# &"#9#:4!*; <" #""##4#&,)#"& &&=>#4 <##4*<,)=<

!"

?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A ## !"#

$ % &' &'$ &()%

(42>&#6##< "# "<,)(<,*>(""6#)(<

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

%#%># & E/

E/ " #& >%" &" %#4# #4 &%> # >%" &" %#4# #4 &" "&# %"#! % E/ >%" &"! > %& &6 #& # &6 >#4"& & # >

?#

#6#=>#4 @5A+A #*

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

9 # C#& - * & # %& >" %># " "& #4 >%>" #4# #&>" #4 "#4& # " #& 4 %##4##! &#"%&" # %# %## # & $ #> " >%&"#&> &#4#%###4 "& > # " >#& # > %& &4">##&>& 4& #4>&##4 " # & #! %### %" ! # >#& = # %& >" &%& %&# #& &#"%&" ! (& >" #4>&>%!&>&>& ># " %# "#& %#4# %#%>##&>> # > #4# &#"%&" #4"&2 & #%& >" #4>&#4#%&# #4 6# "# , # ? !).&)'!,-) !))1. ?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A #+

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

F4 ##?!110

)"& ! 2= %& >" &,& :>& %& >" & #4 4 %#4 # %#%>#& ##"##44 #&> % >& &" #4 >># #& "!1- " " ; " >#42= #4,#4 ; # " >#"4 %# #& 6 #4,#4 #4 "> % #&> 6#4> :>& &&#& #4# 6 #4,#4 #4 > % &#&>"4"#<#4, #4 # %& 4#># #&> % "#"%& #>"%&&%## >%% ># B & ##& #4,#4 #4 &" " % &># #4# 6 &"& * ! 115 (> # " "& &>#4 %& % > ># 6 %#! >""# % & # %& >" #" ! & # " " #4 4#># "," " "& %#>#4 %#4 # >%&"# # ;>"# ", "" & #%& >"#H# #4 " (## % & # " " &! & ;"& #4 # $F( # &6# * # & % %# & # # >% %#" # %"# %#4# # %#4# 4 & > %#4 %" %#4#

%

* " # 0 # & & # & # 4 %#4%& # %" %#4# %& >" 4>#! # :>& ( %# & # &"& " " #4 & "#%H##4"!# %##4# ! "#4># % %# & # # #4 " %># &%2=#E/ C# 1 #4>># >#4"&

& #%& &" #4# #

% ># > #6 & #! "#4># % %# & # # >># %#4# " "& % #4&# # 4 & > &6 >#4" #" #H##4 & & " @#4>>#:%>6# >" 4#>" #%& >" %& >#4##44#># & & > % 4 # 4 &

#" # %" # 4 #

%#4 %" # %#4# # " ># (# #4# %# & # # % H# #4 ! "& ;>" %%#4#%#4##4#&6#4 "#&& >&6 >#4"& > & >%" &"& >#>% " >#%" %#4# 64 %& %#4 %" 4#>%

F#4>" %&% >

;>& ; &" %" # & # %& >" 9 &# #4# %#& # # ! ", " " ; " #" # #4 %& >" " " 4 (# % %# & # # ;>" % %" %#4#! "#4># % %# &# &"& ;>"%%&##4>& ?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A #,

C 5"&#&#4#4> & " >#& # #&> % > %>& ; &" # & (# %# & # # #4# %# & # &"& % H# #4 ! :%#",">#"#%>## #4>&%& >"

B #4>6 %# & # # & # & &# & #4# " ; " #" # "> ; " #" >#39 >% &% & > > " ; " # #" %# & # &"&#4#% & # # ##4>& " " (#! % %# & # &"& ;>" % ; " # #&# # ;>& ;>& #4 %#4! "#4># % %# & # # >% > #" #&4

E#4 # - " &#&#4 &# >% ' %& % > #4## %#%># %& % > #4# >#"% %#%># H#& > & (# & # &"& ;" % &&# >%&4 # %&!"#4>#%# & # # ;"> %& >" %&">"#" #44 "#4& &> & # >%# & %# & # &"& "#4& #>#4 %# & # #

F# 5 #4# &># > # " " 4" # #4"&" " %## # " " :>& &% %& >"%#4####" # %># "& #4> # %" %#4# %#4# %#%>#! % %# & # &"& ;>" % & #4>&#!"#4>#%%# & # # ;>" % & #4>& >%&# %#4# %#%># D#4 0 " &#&#4 4 # %####%" # & #%& >" & #6 > #" # #4# %# & # # "," " %#4%" # %& >" %#4#%#%># (##%;>"#"6! & % %# & # # >% E/! "#4># % %# & # &"& >%%###% >&# F&&# #4>># : %## %# "4 >&! # "&" !% & >#>" % %# %!"#4>#%%# & # # >"" ?>&)##" #" # "& #%& >""," %#%#& #4% #"& #!## &# " "#&6#%# & # B # 5 " % # & # # #4>&# %" " 6" %## #4 >#"" #4#> #4 ##%#44# #4#> 0 7 4!#" #4# %# & # # &#"; %& >" "&&%&>&%& #4 # ! %# % &># > # " " # %##4 "& % &6# %# & # ? # 4 $ # " > " %#%&#%& >">"#4#6 > # % &#4># (# & # &"&#>#4%# & # # !>#%& >" >"#4 %># 4 # %& >" %&(###4 #4>%# >

# $> &##&%" &> 4 # 4 & " & % # 4 # %#%>#! ;>& & ## #& # : #4& %&%#4 >%" &" #%#%&#%"#$# " "#4 4#># #4 # " " (## #4# %# & # # #4# " 64 : #4 & ! # > &# &>#4%" & #*#4># F"" #"#4# ; " #" >" %#%>#%& >" %#4# #; " #" #4>&#&> (&& #6"># : & #, & #%& >" " " & $ > >>#" " #>6">& #4 " #4 #" # #4# %# & # # ",">#"#>& #%& >"# ? !).&)'!,-) !))1. ?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A

#-%# & # &"& #-%## ;>" >%#>#4"& #%#" # * 0 " #4# # " #&# %& >" %#4#! "& &"& #& %"> % ""& %#4# ##4##%# ># >% >%>" & #4 " ># %# & # &"& #& #! "#4># % %# & # # #4 # #& ##4##4# >#E/ *# >" &" " #4 & & %> #6# <& #& # "4 # #&> =># > # " " #4 4#># 4 & "># "&& "& > %& > # ##,%& > (# #4# %# & # # % ; " #" %" %& >" %#4# ?" - #4>># " #4 %# %#4 %! & #" ># # % & > ># # % & > ! & & # "&>& %# #" # "," "%##&> &#4# " #4 "& #4>#4# (## % &># > # " " # # %# & #! % %# & # &"& " ;& ! "#4>#%%# & # # "%" ; >" E/#2=

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

./012)

2 "& # % & "># %2=#E/ &#"% #4# &# 5! #&> #4& #4#> &"&F#>#

?#

#6#=>#4 @5A+A #7

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

2 %# & " "! "4 # & #4 >& %& 4#># #&> %> # " " & >&# " #44 #4> #># #4 #&> %6 >&%&#%> ##4 > # >"# " &> #4 ># #44% "4 #4 >! # # >"# &

&,& >& %# %#4#&? 8 ' 7 #4 " #4 4#># #&> #4" " %# &#4# &? 68 5&?65'2#4# #4 4#>#?65! #4 ##6>># "% " %# " "& " #4#" #4 "& " &,& %# %#4# "& ? 7

& #&> #4" & %# #44#># 6 >"#,>"# #4 "&? 2 7$2 #4> >&%&# # #4# &,& >"# 4# $2 4# >& > #4> >"# # # & #4""4 &" &,&%# %#4#%"#&""& ? & # >># % &#4 # %# #& & " # & " % # ( # & " & "&>#! > # &#4 > #&> %"#&" &% & " #4 > # %&>## #,#*& >&># 4" 6 > # $( : G! # %# > #6 4" 6 > # $( #&G#G .3.5 )" H> # B & $F( &2 * '&& , > & %#4 # >%&"#! ;#" &&#4& &>#%&# 1- = *&! 1- 9 #! > 0 *? =*&!1--#44># & *4 # " % >" " #44#>#$F("%& #4 6"># % >" %& # # & ># %>#4#"#6&# ? !).&)'!,-) !))1. ?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A #8

?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A #9 $F( & & #"% " % % # # " # ( # 4 4 # # % # # 4 # % " # 4 # " & %"#4># %# #4# %" >4! 2 * %4#># % 4 %"# #4 >%>"%& %##&#>" % >& H # % # "&&4 #4& >#&>% > %>& ; &" 6 #"& >& #&

'

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

/" &%"#:>&#% # ># >& #4# " "& # >># # " #4#">"#4 &>#%%> ("# ># " > # % 4 "%%& "#>##"># %#4# # %# & >& #4%#4#&> &#4"#4#4# :>& #%! > # ;>& % "6 #4 ">#& && ; &&>&> &#4# %>&"%& #;>&:>&(=?)7= &>#:>&#&>#4>#& #4! % > < # > &># :>& #&> % >"# #4 # % # 6 # >#! #4# % > %#4 #4>&# &># :>& #&> &#"%&" #4 > # #4# % > #4 &># :>& #&> #4" ># # %# # "&"# > #64#4#;>& #4 " &> & #4# >& "% ""# >" # #4 ##& # %># ""&&% $" "& & >"%& # # & ,& #4#&> #4 "" 4#># &># > # " " #4# #44#># &2 * $F(

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

F > #4 4#># %# & # # "4 " %&# >" # #4# #44#>#&$F(># & #6& (#6# #&> & >" ># >># >" # %#&" %# & #

& $F( 4#># #&> ##&># &#& ; "" #&> #4&" 2= # "&&4 #&>#4#4 2==%#% %#4# & $F( & )#& ; >" ;>&,;>& & & & >" * +' 9#; " ># * +> %> #4 " &#&>#?"& ; >" %>#4##4 " >" #5(#4#&#4#& $F(#44#>#0 54 + ,---#4" ># & % &" # # >#" "&#" " <&" #>#" "&#" " 4#># % %# & # # : ! % " 6"& ; >" %> &"> #44%& >>#" "&## #4&& > 4#># ?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A *;

.

. F" # " "#4# 2=# E/ #4# & >" ("# %#4#>" ("#%" & ; #4#>; " #0!& #"> #& #44 2= > " >#" "&# E/ 64 ># # #4>&F # 64%& 6">#" "# % & #> # & % & > " % # 4 # %#%>#>%& >"#4 >&# "> %#4# & > ># #%&># &%&&>###44#& #$% % "& #4 " 6 %& >" " & >%" &"%#4#%#%># #4 > ># &6 >#4"& & "&4## & # #4# > & #4 && ># &" F#4# >" #& 2= # E/ &#6>># " # %&& >"C ( "# #4 & " " :> " 4 # #4 &> & #4# %" # %## & # %& >"! ## %# & # # >># " &%! &% #&> #6: " %"##4# %># & 2=2= # %#4 E/!2="# #>% &# % > % > #4 # >" %#4"# ># # ##! "%& % >"#! 4" # %%# ## C9" #&2=#E/

*#& E/ & #4>& >%&# %#4# %#%># #4 #>% >%" &"!># " %#4#!"#!" &" %#4## ##2 &">##4 % %#4&#%#4# : &# "% #4# "%& 5 & & : 2= # E/ ##4 #4 ># ># # %#># &6 %&#' &&,&2=#% 5 1 "#4># &,&E/ #% 05G"%& &#& =

Jurnal Manajemen Teknologi, 15(1), 2016, 11-35

Jurnal

Manajemen Teknologi Vol.15 | No.1 | 2016 21

Gambar . 2 Prakiraan Dwell imeT denganMetode Winter

90 81 72 63 54 45 36 27 18 9 1 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 I ndex A lph a ( lev el) 0.1 Gamma (tren d) 0.1 Delta (seaso n al) 0.1 S mo o thin g C o nstants

M A P E 12.4852 M A D 0.5979 M SD 0.6201 A ccu racy Measures

A ctu al F its F o recasts 95.0% P I Variable W inters' Method Plot for DT

Multiplicative Method No Tahun

Dwell Time YOR

Minimal Maksimal

Rata-Rata Minimal Maksimal

Rata-Rata 1 2011 3.62 4.69 4.15 51% 66% 58% 2 2012 4.45 6.18 5.71 64% 89% 82% 3 2013 4.85 6.80 5.69 72% 101% 85% 4 5 2014 2015 3.80 3.34 4.77 4.42 55% 69% 64% 5.90 5.05 40% 71% 61% 6 2016 2.78 5.78 4.28 24% 67% 45% 7 2017 2.20 5.42 3.81 7% 53% 30% 8 2018 1.57 5.1 3.33 -1% 4% 15% Tabel 1. Nilai Perbandingan Data dan Hasil P rakiraanDwell Time dan YOR tahun 2015-2018

Sumber : Data olahan (2015)

Setelah melakukan beberapa percobaan dengan time series dengan beberapa tipe antara lain trend, decomposition, moving average dansmooth akhirnya dipilih pengujian forecasting dengan metode Winter selain karena pola data DT dan YOR yang ada dipengaruhi musiman (siclical), juga hasil analisis menunjukkan error terkecil dan akurasi yang terbaik yang tercermin dari nilai MAD, MSE dan MAPEnya.

Dengan meng gunakan metoda Winter prakiraan Dwell Time dari tahun 2015 pada bulan September sampai dengan bulan Agustus tahun 201 cenderung8 mengalami penur unan secara f luktuatif. Rata-rata persentase DT dari tahun ke tahun cenderung turun, hal tersebut dapat diketahui dari data yang tersaji pada Tabel 1 dan ambar 2.G

64#4 %###"%& & & 4 >& ?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A ** ! "##$ %$$& '( $ # # ) *+ ) " )%" ,,-,. )#-# ,-/ &# / $,## * 0&1 )-&&,&)$! *%& #4" 6">##4##& 2= # E/ #4 " 4# ; ># >&! > %> #E/#&>&#5"% 0

& % & #&> > 2= # E/ "%& &#6>># % C#C5 %> # # "& "" %# & # >># >#; " #4 #4# & "" %#4# % />& 5 "% #4#& =#&" # &>& ! : " %>" #4# %#>&#0 & D #& >#" "&##& "" %>#:>& # >& 5 "% #4# # C'(> #E/&D #&

? !).&)'!,-) !))1. ?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A *+ C5(# #4#E/ " #E/(> # $F( 2 * 4#># #&> ##&># &#& ; "&&4 # &#& ; "" ##>#2= (= ?)7= =#6#4 ( > # " > % $F("%& & &%C #

C-*&&4 %##4# 5 6 & " "& % #4&# # #4>% #&4#6 % &"&#4# & '0 '0G # >&# %##"&&%#4#&0101 G "" (&# > 6># % "># %#4# #4# & 5 5G # &> %# #4>&# >%&#" *2 # > &" #4# & ""5050G # & >%" ;>&,;>&#4%#4 #!%# ;>& & #4 %#4 # :>&#4## &""''G! ""%#44" #4#& "" '- '-G! > # %#4 #4#&""55G# %#4 &> & # #4# & ""00G

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

C F > F" $F(#&>$&#& ; *&&4 #4&" D>&#%

? !).&)'!,-) !))1. ?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A *-= #%& >" "# & >># " %"# & #4 % " #4," #4: !(# & # # & $ >#4%;>&, ;>& ## #4 %#4 2= #4# &"">& &" " &! & # &#"%&" #6&# #4 &" !>&,>&#4&> &# #, # "#4># %# & # # ;>&,;>& ##2= & %%>"& ; %#4 #" :>&! # "& # 4" :%# "## >" "&#" %# & # # #> >"# # "%& 4" # % >& #4 & & "&>& ; &"#

(# >#& ; >" %&# #4 & > >># ;>&,;>& %##& 2= % %# & # "# " #44 " & #&> ##&># # #4 % #4 ## ;>&,;>& #4 %#4 &"&! "#4># %# & # # #4# #44#># $F( & & 6" # #4 ## "#;>&:>&#4#&'05& '05G#";>&#%#4"# >##4#&'-&'-GF # "" #4##4 %>#%%# & "# &:%# & # >&# %&#44#>#>#4>>6#4" #4# #4# #44#># & #4 >%#" ; # >&

> 5 >;#" &## 7 % " ! # 6 > # & > # > # & > #4%& ># >%" &" & # %# %## %& >" %#4#! # 4 # & ; > " ; > & , ; > & # 4 % # 4 > % " & " % # 4 # %#%>#! %#%># # " "& #4>&! #& #44 &%># 2 >># # " " "#" & &" #&> ##&># %> %#4#4# 2= % >%" &" %#4# # #4#4># >#4>>6& & "#&>#4%& ># % # 4 4 # # > % " & " & # ">#%#2=

F # " #4# %# & # #

&"& &" & &#&#4 >%" &" %#4# > &># #4# # #4 >#># ># # 2= ""# #&> #4%& ># >%" &" %#4#(# & ##4 >># & # #4 )# * ' #&> #4#4 2= & #4# % > #44#># " "& >&# >! #4#4 >&" >6 # >6 % %#" # ># #4! #;&># 6# # "4 #& &#"%&! & :>& >6 %" # > ! > #" # >" #& 4# "" %# &#># 6 ##4D % #" %#"&&% %##4# %# & # > #4# " "& #4 %& #4 >%" &" #4 ##%#4# #2=#6 > #4# &># % %#4> >%#& #4# # %& >" " %& #&> #" B:# # <"; 105 # & ;> >%& "" % %#4#4# :>& % # 4 " # > 4 % # # #&># : %#44## >%& #># %# %#& #4 %### 2= %# ##6>># : %# & #%"& &%#>%& %" & #& >##6#"4 # " %" >4 " >># " #8#&>#4>":>&&& "" #6 &#& ; "" "& # #4# " #4 #4# & %#44## ># >&# > & G! %#44## % #& 4#4 && " & G # %# %> >&# > & G! "#4># 9# 11 # & %# && "" #4#4 >4 :>& > %# $"& # *# < (# " #6"># # #6 ># " "& "%## &>%& "" ! & 72))=! #4 %& 4#># #&> #>4 $"& #*# < %####4 #4&""&

0 2 "4 "& >""! " %># : & # & ;>& ; #4#4 :>& " #4 #4# 5G

4 H - & # & ;>&, ;>& #4 %#4 %&#" ; " #" >">& ; # %>& &" %# 2"" B%#4# %#%># #4! #4 %># " "& ;>& #4 >#& " ; " #" #%>& &" %&! " > "& "&>#(# " # & # 4 # # & % # 4 # %#%>##4#>%" &"%# 2""

(> & >#!##>#% ; > & # & > # 4 # 4 : > & 2 = #;&>#>%&#& #44 #%&# #4 ; " #! # #4>&># >&% # # %& # # "%" "" >#4>6 %#4#%#%># %& >"! # #4>&># #;"&>& # %##4#4#4>#&&> & <> &# #4# >%## # > #4 %# %"" % 6 ## ># # >## " #4 & #!%# & #8HH##E"; #4" #&># : #4 %# %#& #4 ;" &" %4#4# #&#" #"& # #& # > # %& & #! " & & #4>& %## % ># &" %4#4#"# #4>&!#&>> #4 #&" # 4 # #4 #4%># #4 ">#4 " #6 ;" && %4#4# # # ># #> #;& & #4 & >%#%4#4#>## #4>&# #"& ># # %### ! %# & ##4> >>#> #%& &#>"" " 2="&% >#4#4#&-5 &-5G#"&&4 #4 >># > %#%#& #4#4>":>& #>" %"#,%"# #4%& %" #44& > %># % >"# #4 "4 &#& ; "" #4"" #4#&0&0G> " #4 ># # >># %# & # &#&#4 %,% %#%># %& >" "4 #4 #6 %#>#4& #&%#%& >" 2 " * # 4 = # H # ! )### # = #4" ># %& " 6 #4# # #4 # "4 &>#& && ; #&>#4>>" # "" %! # >#"% % "4 %%#6#4# % #& 4#4 %# & " #44>###>#2= %% #4 ># %### #4 > *#4>#%# & #> % E/ >%" &">%& >"#4& # "& & :>& #4 & &&%># ># >># %#4# %#%># # > > %, % ! " & >6" #4# %,% %&#4# >6" # ## >#4"& " %& # !"#%#&6 &# '&%64%#" #44 & # # 4 > " & # ##># E/ # # ># &&% %&#" &6 4 % & >" "& %#4# %#4# + #

*& %" # %#4# % % # %&# #4> & #4 #&> # #4>&># " %& >" # >%" &" #4 %# & # > "> :>&%" ##4&#> 55 & 5 5 G > # > # : > & # 4 &>#4 # # & >& " *& (= ( # : & )##" #4##44#># & % # "># #&> #4& & #4>& >%&# & # E/ % &# #&>#4& #46>#4># ! # " # " >"# & # " #>% #&># %" #! # #4># #4# (= ?)7= #&" : & " & ; > ##"& "& & #,& # "%& " # # >%%# #4 %># #"& 64 #4 #6># " #&"#%&# >#>#4"& '(# & ##4 >># => ># >& > ; " ## %" # #4 >># " # # & #&> %#%># #4 > # %& " %#4#! %># " #4 ##2=#### "& # " ?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A *7

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

&#" & "&#4>#4 #" #44 " "#4& %& %4># # ># " &"& & > " %# #4># #4# #4,#4 "%& )##" ! 7 #! )# #$ >#4%>#%##4 > &%#>#4# "4 %# &6# #4# 6# " # % > #4 #4 #> 6# # 4 #4# > # 2= &,& ># 2 )##" "&>#2=" # :>&&,&6 #4 # &&% #4 "> & ># "4 %& >" !"&# " # " " #44 " >&>#:>&#& >&#& # # >#4 >#&># " < %& ># & % &# "% #4# 5! && &# #' %;>&:& # (= ?)7= #4 " &" > & " & E/

&"G # %#%#&6 &#, &# "# & # >%" &" %#4# "& >%&#%#44 %& >" #4 "> > & # > % %# >%! ># &&% ># " &"& " %># #&> %& #%#4 #4# #%> #4#, #4# "%& % #44 6# # %4!&%&,&%&% >"##4# #4% > # ( %#4> >%#& #4# #4 >%# ># #&> %& #6: %"# &"&! %"# "" ># #4# #># %& >" > %,% & # " # > # > # # &># #4>&# &> #4 #> 6# # &># :>& #4#&>#>#> E/! 9# " # "&6 ">#4 "& &#& #># 4 & # #4>&&6!" 6## &6 #6 % &%& & # # # ># & #4 %#6#4! ' # %#4## %> 6#& "> && #" #44"6# #>& ##6 "% &!%, % %& >" %##44 & # 64 " % # " # 4 4 # & > # % ## %& >" 9#4"& # " %&#" &6 " " #4 ># &#4 " & "4 "# >& %# & # # >>##&>#4#& " %" % # ;>& %# " #44 %& & # >4 #J>4 ##4%# &6

2%> ># " &#,&#&"& &" % #& &# " & #>>#%#4:"##4#>&&# >>#%#,%# >&# %#%"#&>% > " &" # ># " %# #44 & &># (&##)+(-&#44 $4"&" &# 5 && %" & ' :&"2=% #4' !"#4># %"'E/% 5G%& >># % ##%& >">%

?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A *9 (> # 2= # E/ #4# & D #& &# 5 "% 0 # #; " &> & %#4# # #4 & " & #! # "#4& #44 ># ># (= ?)7= #4# > # %& # %&# % # & # > " % & # # & > % > %##! >># 6 4 # " & " # % : & # # & > #4# # % > ># " ;" &"#"%& %#4#!4!4#4, 4#4%##6#4"%& % #&4#4 > "> &> %& >" # #4> %&# "& % ># %&# #4> &# #!>#>%#4# ># " %& > &"& ># " & >>#

=&% %64 %& >#:%> # 2=#E/#4## "#4># &#4 ># & "& >%"& # ># ># " %># ## #" &" 4 %& " %& %#4 ># "& >:"#! " "6 E/ & ,& # #4>&&6" #44&6 4 >#4"& " & # >& #4 4# #4& E/ :>& "# & " "&% #4&# # "#4& %>#4 #& " %" "4 %& >># 4# #4 # >4 #

)#& ; >" %"# # "" &> &

%##4### E/ % >>#

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

F " # " " # 4 # & $ F ( #%&># : &#& ; "" # &#& ; "&&4 #4 &>#& ; >" % "&, "& "# %### 2= #4 # %># > # " & " % > H # %#4&# # % "& &> & "#4>#&#4

" '%

(""#4>%>"#4#4 %& "#># %# & # # & % #4# 2= # E/ "& "&>& > #& >&,>& & %> #4 & &"&>& ; &"&& #>##4" >># #" :>& #6 #4 >" " #44 #6# (= ?)7= %#%%#4>>%#& #4##4 # "##4:>&"4 " " *## # %"# >" > # & # #4# "4 >& ; &"# " > :>& & >%&# %## #4 ># " % >&&# "& 4 # ># %> % %"" >&# # >&&# & #4 " >># #6 " D>& #4 & > & 2 = # > %4#># #&> %#4"# >#! ># #4 %& #> "> 6# "# # ># 6 # "& % >"# % 9 # & # " # 4 4 &>#:>&#4%"" %#4# #4! ># &#4>%#>""% ## % 6 ## # <"># &"& &"! (= ?)7= % & # & > & #4 %#&" ># &" "" & # "%& ># ! ! # %> #4 # 4 %## # #4>" :>& "& #4 # #& %#44# 6" # %&4" > %#4#%#>#&*>"# #4# %#> %"# & %& #4"%& % #> "" #4&#4>" :>&2=:&6 6&&#% % >"# F ##4#6 >#4" # 4 " # 4 > # & > #4> "># %#4# " #44 " #4> # ># %"#! "%& #& %& 4 #4 & #4> # #4 #"& %#4# > 6>##4" #44#4#4 "> & &"& &#4> #J# # & > #4 &#44#4 6: " #44 >%# %& "" ># " #> 4 ># " " ! #4>#4#!# #4>&# " #44 # #4>&># 2= # #! #&> &"& (= ?)7= " &" % >& ; #&> #4># > #" # %#4 # >%&"# " %& 4 >4 # " # " $>& & %###2=% >#4! " &>#"#&" >6"# ># >" # #;" >% %& # 64"" " #>#"#4&#;&4 "%#4"4 >># & #

(

( F" %# & # # %& " %>#: #4##&:>&#%2=& ' # " & #4>& >%&# E/&# $ %' #4# %" & ; & # " 4# ; >#!& #> #"2=>#> # "%E/F # >>""# %#4# %& "6! " %#4# >%&>#>>& "& >##% > 6 # # 4 # # & > # #4># %># %# & # #6&# (> #2=#E/ "&#4 # # 4 # # ! # " # 4 & #44 ># # "" #4# %# % %#4> >%#& #4 # & & % #&! ## > # # & > & """" >#":>&J :>& % %># # > # &6 #4%4#4#&& %& %& #4> &># E/ & #44 :%# 6 >&# #& ># :>& # >& &# 5 "% #4# #&&# " #&%> # #4# "" " >#" "&# ?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A +;

? !).&)'!,-) !))1.

?#

#6#=>#4 @5A+A +#

$&#& ; "&&4 #&> #4#4 :>& #% : >& #4 % #4 %# % > #4 #4# ;>& :>& "4 #4 &! # "&&4 #4 % %##4# " "& % #4&# # & ' % E/ # #4>& &" &" # #4# "4 > #" #4 %& #& 4 #4 &> & %& "4 >"#># # >4 #%& 4

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

?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A +* ( "% ># : #4> # %#6#4 4 "& > %#4 "% > %# #4># &%%6###4 >% %#6#4! " & % %# & #,%# & # #6&# #4 ># %> %# # ># " #4 "## & %,& % ">& #& # &#%&" & & &! %4#4#! % # ! % # 4 " # > # ! >4# # # " #44 %& >%&"# #4 >%#" ; #># " 4 "& >#" ##6 > # #4# "& %& " #4#4##4,#4 # #

0$

$#!B? % 7 7 K "&" L F#4>#4 F9 7 & 8# " & ; F#4>#4 $ "!*!2/6!B*%!<<"!7M 6! $ : 0 4K)#&#&LK # 0 L =" % &&%33:::D#>4 <"& #! (B 11 2 ( 0 +:E>D ! 2= M /H#! < ' *&4

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

? !).&)'!,-) !))1. ?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A ++ )###!!M=!*$## 4 "& " ; & & ## "& & # ; &

#& #" 0

!4447&1'!

)" H>!$!MB !$ :; & # %#&" # & #&

%""54 6 2!'0!'' ,'5 ?"! D -* 0 0 ! 0 K "&" L <# +B 8# " & + 64# B #!?5'% 0 0 @ 7 K "&" L ## ) F" #> "; # " 9#! 7 11 $&& # F%" 7 #4 7"&"! 0 ; A ! * ! F ))B! )B 9 !9FMC#&!F/-+ ( ! ! < # 2*% #4,@4< # B !7F!M7#!O<' ? 0 8 0 ( #4" ; & "&# $" * & ; =#"%&& # *& "! @1!' B:# !7!M<";!$1057#& # #& # 4 # " #4 %& %>4" 0 2 % 7 2*!),!&* ,'!11D1B1 B !N500 0 " K "&" L )#44 " C< 8# " &74B## > > "! *! M D: 4&! *7 110 ? !5> ?>&)2(# &#44?>& #& " 1- &4 ;

"& & #4% &; #& #" F ( 69 ? !

< 1-

#!2:#!$! ;!(&! ()! M D 4#! < @ # #" " ; 4# %& & %#& # & #&

"%% # $ " "& 0 + *!D.!,-),)) #0 7&>#>& 4 (# & (= C D "# )##" ?>& # 1 = # % >" " "& %>&>#4 #6 <4 )2(# &)(<("" :" ! ?? M F#4! E )## #& #%& #&4& # #&4 "& " #&:>""##&:>;: = =#H# # %"%& 20 0 E ? ! &,B'! 3)BC3).3 >!5 0 9 )$ 5 $## 7#;# ',5 ?# 5!B ""!7%" " !*#4!B!$ "" &!!M* &%! C 7#& # "&> #4 %& & H& ##" "; %& # " #&& # 7" "& (= (# )##" )@ 0 + 7 A 57 5 +555=6!),&-1' # ! + ? 7 00 K "&" L $ > * >&8*+:<#": >&4", =*&&8# " &; +:?" # !+!< !!=;# "!*!MB#&!

D "& & #4 & & ##& ;&" ; #& # : & " &

"%&" ? 5A :!

)B!) ,@)33()-)-.3" ,-),1 + #!$*!4!9!M*!

?*& #4#" # # #& # & #" " #4 #&

%"" 0 ? % ! 4&,' 66= ( ) C3BDB-:::6# #" (>! +9! M 24 ! < 1 $ *& ; # & # & # % # # # 4 ! < ? 5 !13&B'!,-1,-C

(&#(" #)(%"+ &#445&&#&#4&> % #&* "&B4 "& >+" # (&##)+(-&#44 $4"&"&#5 ("&#&>*9 K # 6 # ' L = " % &&%33 "# "#:" 3#:"331 ',>#%,," #4,># , ##" ,# (&&! 7 E4 ( 7 K "&" L $ > * >& 8* 8# " &; 7 % >/# #0 K2 #%-? 5L = " % &&%33% > 3 &3#" # 333'3'3#', # , , ;&,&# ",# %# : #4& %&%# 4 H!?-0 ! 00 7

&; #%&", &

7#;#! & J & 2 -!=#H# *&!=1-2 7 0 9 )# D> #4 %%!#4#4#&# ( 7#&8# " &; (##"# *&=B10 C:F )#!+:E>!8*$ *& = B 11* %#6B # *& # ("&>< ##("" #! ?>& *&=B11' C:F )#!+:E>! 8*$ * !+!?; !F!9 !9! " ! ' $# #" " ; & & " "&&4 ";" #4&4"# #& #":& # # #"%&"

0 + % E ! *! +7! M *#! F "& #&! ;: %" #4 #& #:& *0 0 7 * ! 9F 1156 0 0 6 K=" "L)#$ > 8# " &!=# *:! 9! M & # ' 7 , - ) 1 @ , - ) B K #0 LF5=" %&&%33:::':;4 * "#!B90? 0 K "&" L 2#>29=# 8# " &; 2#> * !*-? !9 0 K "&" L )& )= 8# " &; C# *&#>#!2!F## #4!$ 4#4!*!M@P! *11'& #4; "& "& #& # & # : & & "%

"%&; #&#"$%6

5!

-J-*&#>#!2@P!*!M*&>! 7#& # & # %& # # %& #""J"" ; & ## && :$%6 !! !', 1 *# >"! $ 6 0 0

K "&" L B& =#"%& # =# & # )#"& && 4 B& ="#4!EE!E!DBM=!$(5 0 ( #4"; &"&#$" * & ; =#"%&& # *& "! @ 5! %% 5-, -!5 8HH#! $! M E";! $ = ; "&" # & 4# " # & ; && # # <#4" ##" # :" ;: +!.&)' @!)+ ( 9 K "&" L*: ""7FQ (&# RB"## D&#!)+ D74+:" ( " #4!B&!89 ?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A +,

? !).&)'!,-) !))1. ?# #6#=>#4 @5A+A +-D#4! $9 0$ 0 K "&" L $"& $8 N#"# 8# " & ; =#4J< "#$"& E#4 #! F - 500 K "&" L * #4%*C+& #8# " &; * #4% O >#! DC! < #! <? 7! ?7! M C ;; #! E & 0 & #*&,:"&#! 7#4#4B# #47#