TUGAS BESAR STRUKTUR BAJA II TYPE KUDA - KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

(1)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 1

TYPE KUDA - KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Ketentuan :

 L = 47,5 m  H = 19,5 m  Jarak kuda - kuda = 6,8 m  Beban Angin = 43 kg/m  Mutu Baja = BJ 34  Jenis Sambungan = Baut

(2)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 2

I. DESAIN GORDING

A. Perhitungan Sudut dan Panjang X a h b 23,75 √ ° √ = 27,89 m B. Pembebanan Pada Gording

Jarak antar gording = 1,5 m a. Beban tetap

beban mati

Menggunakan Profil Canal 18

1. Beban atap = beban atap (surya roof) + = 4 x 1,28 = 5,12 kg

2. q beban mati atap = = = 6,01 kg/m

3. Berat sendiri (qBS) = 22 kg/m (tabel profil baja canal 18) 4. Berat mati (qBM) = beban atap + berat sendiri

= 6,01 + 22 = 28,01 kg/m 5. Beban aksesori = 15% x qBM

= 15% x 28,01 = 4,20 kg/m

6. qBM total = qBM + beban aksesori = 28,01 + 4,20

= 32,21 kg/m b. Beban hidup

1. Beban orang (PH) = 100 kg

2. Beban hujan (wh) = 20 kg/m (asumsi)

maka = 20 kg/m x J (jarak kuda-kuda) = 20 x 1,28 x 6,8

(3)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 3 diperoleh beban orang < beban hujan,maka beban hujan yang dipakai dalam perhitungan

c. Pengaruh kemiringan atap 1. Beban hidup Px = PH = 174,08 sin 31,62 = 91,27 kg/m Py = PH = 174,08 cos 31,62 = 148,24 kg/m 2. Beban mati qBMx = qBM x = 32,21 x sin 31,62 = 16,85 kg/m qBMx = qBM x = 32,21 x cos 31,62 = 27,43 kg/m Mmax X = qx.j2 + px.j = = 97,62 + 155,16 = 252,78 kg/m Mmax Y = qy.j2 + py.j

= = 158,55 + 252,01

= 410,56 kg/m d. Syarat kestabilan penampang

Profil baja canal 18 BJ 34 = Fy = 2100 E = 2,1 x 106

(4)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 4 = ≤ 0,56 √ = 6,36 ≤ 17,71 (OKE) Web = ≤ 1,49√ = ≤ 1,49 √ = 22,5 ≤ 47,12 (OKE) e. Periksa Kekuatan

 Terhadap tegangan lentur δx = = = 1128,48 Kg/m δy = = = 273,71 Kg/m  Beban tetap √ = √ ≤ δ = √ ≤ 1400 = √ ≤ 1400 = 1161,20 ≤ 1400 (OKE)  Periksa tegangan geser

Lx = qBMx . j + = = 57,43 + 45,64 = 103,01 kg Ly = qBMy . j+ = = 93,26 +74,12 = 167,38 kg τx = = = 169,42 kg/m 2 τy = = = 1,26 kg/m2

(5)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 5 τBT = √ c = √ ≤ 0,6 δ = √ ≤ 0,6 1400 = 169,42 ≤ 840 (OKE)  Tegangan ideal (Huber henky)

δ1 = √ ≤ δ

= √ ≤ 1400 = √ ≤ 1400

= 1197,70 ≤ 1400 (OKE) f. Lendutan Pada Gording

Lendutan Ijin = = = 2,83 δmax x = ( ) ( ) = ( ) ( ) = 0,166 + 0,002 = 0,168 δmax y = ( ) ( ) = ( ) ( ) = 3,190 + 0,041 = 3,231 δtotal = √ = √ ≤ 2,83 = √ ≤ 2,83

= 3,235 ≥ 2,83 (maka harus memakai treak stang)  Track Stang

Ts = + 10

= + 10 = 350

Lendutan Izin (δ) = = = 1,46 m  Lendutan Pada Gording

(6)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 6 = 0,012 + 0,0003 = 0,0123 δy = ( ) ( ) = 0,224 + 0,006 = 0,23 δ total = √ ≤ δ = √ ≤ 1,46 = √ ≤ 1,46 = 0,23 ≤ 1,46 (OKE) g. Beban Angin q angin = w angin x i x C1 C1 = 0,02 x - 0,4 = 43 x 1,28 x 0,232 = 0,02 x 31,62 - 0,4 = 12,770 kg/m1 = 0,282

 Akibat kemiringan atap

q ay = q angin = 12,770 kg/m1 q ay= 0 max = 0 M ay =

= = 73,806 kg/m  Akibat beban sementara

δx = δx beban atap = 1161,20 kg/m

δy = =

 Periksa Kekuatan Lentur

δe = √ = √ = √ = 1205 (OKE)  Periksa Geser τ = √ = √ = √ = 169,425 (OKE)

(7)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 7  Periksa Ideal τi = √ =√ = √ = 1240,472 (OKE)  Periksa kekuatan akibat beban sementara

δ ≤ δ x 1,25 3,235 ≤ 2,83 x 1,25 3,235 ≤ 3,538 (OKE)

 Kesimpulan

(8)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 8

II. PEMBEBANAN PADA KUDA KUDA

I. Beban Mati

 Beban Atap Beban Aksesori (15%) = 15%x40,87 Beban Mati q atap = W atap x j = 6,13 kg/m2

= 6,01 x 6,8 = 40,87 kg/m2 qtotal = q atap + q aksesori

= 40,87 + 6,13 Pa1 = Pa2 = Pa3 = Pa4 = Karena simetris,maka :

(9)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 9 Pa5 = Pa3 = 437,10 kg/m

Pa6 = Pa2 = 437,10 kg/m Pa7 = Pa1 = 218,57 kg/m II. Beban Hidup

Beban Orang = 100 kg

Beban Hujan = W.hujan x jarak kuda-kuda = 20 x 6,8 = 136 kg/m PH1 = PH2 = PH3 = PH4 = 2 karena simetris,maka : PH5 = PH5 = 1077,12 kg/m2 PH6 = PH2 = 1077,12 kg/m2 PH7 = PH1 = 538,56 kg/m2 III. Berat Gording

G = q gording x j = 22 x 6,8 = 149,6 kg PG1 = PG2 = PG3 = PG4 = Karena simetris,maka : PG5 = PG3 = 972,4 kg PG6 = PG2 = 972,4 kg PG7 = PG1 = 523,6 kg Beban Tetap Total

(10)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 10 PBT = Pa + PG +PH PBT1 = PBT7 = Pa1 + PG1 + PH1 = 218,57 + 523,6 + 538,56 = 1280,73 kg PBT2 = PBT6 = Pa2 + PG2 + PH2 = 437,10 + 972,4 + 1077,12 = 2486,62 kg PBT3 = PBT5 = Pa3 + PG3 + PH3 = 437,10 + 1047,2 + 1077,12 = 2561,42 kg

IV. Berat kuda-kuda

Panjang batang = S1+S2+S3+S4+...+S25

= (22,89 x 4) + 4,875 x 7) + (7,92 x 6) = 111,56 +34,125+47,52

= 193,205 m

(11)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 11 L (batang terpanjang) = 9,3 m 4,65 ≤ 4,88 ...(ok) Berat sendiri kuda-kuda

qbs = = Aksesori 20% = = 294,48 + 58,9 = 353,38 kg/m Pbs1 = Pbs2 = Pbs3 = Pbs4 = Pbs5 = Pbs6 = Pbs7 = 1. Beban sementara Beban sementara a. P Angin Kiri  Muka Angin q angin = W angin x j x c1 c1 = (0,02 x ) - 0,4 = 43 x 6,8 x 0,282 = (0,02 x 31,62) - 0,4 = 67,837 kg/m = 0,282 Pag1 = Pag2 = Pag3 = Pag4 =

(12)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 12  Belakang angin q angin = W angin x j x c = 43 x 6,8 x 0,4 = 116,96 kg/m Pag5 = Pag6 = Pag7 = Pag8 = b. P Angin Kanan  Muka angin q angin = W angin x j x c = 43 x 6,8 x 0,232 = 67,837 kg/m Pag1 = Pag2 = Pag3 = Pag4 =  Belakang angin q angin = W angin x j x c = 43 x 6,8 x 0,4 = 116,96 kg/m Pag5 = Pag6 = Pag7 = Pag8 =

(13)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 13

(14)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 14

(15)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

(16)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

(17)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

(18)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 18

IV. DESAIN BATANG TARIK (S10)

 Batang tarik terbesar = 41,35 ton (akibat beban tetap / combo 1)  panjang batang = 9,297 m dipiling profil = 160.160.15 w = 36,2 x 2 = 72,4 Ab = 46,1 x 2 = 92,2 Ix0 = Iy0 = 1100 cm4 ix0 = iy0 = 4,88 cm a = 2ey + t = 2 (4,49)+1,9 cm = 10,88 cm imin = 3,14 cm  Analisa kelangsingan batang tarik

Batang tarik terpanjang = 9,297 cm (S10) ix = ix0 = 4,88 cm iy = √ = √ = √ = √ = 12,48 cm4 λ =  Luas penampang efektif profil

An = 0,85 x Ab

= 0,85 x 92,2 =78,37 cm2  Analisa kekuatan batang tarik = 41,35 ton

(19)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 19

V. DESAIN BATANG TEKAN (S2)

 Batang tarik terbesar (P) = 41,35 t = 41350 kg (akibat combo 1)  Panjang batang = 9,297 m = 929,7 cm Dipilih profil 180.180.18 w = 48,6 x 2 = 97,2 Ab = 61,9 x 2 = 123,8 Ix0 = Iy0 = 1870 cm4 ix0 = iy0 = 5,49 cm a = 2ey + t = 2 (5,10)+1,9 cm = 12,1 cm  Sumbu bahan ix = ix0 = 5,49 cm λx = σtk = λc = √ = w = = σtk = iy = √ √ √ λy =  Desain optimum λ1 = √ = √ = √ λ1 = e1 = λ1x imin = 125,35 x 3,49 = 437,47

(20)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 20  Jumlah medan n = e1 = = λ1 = λw = √ = √ = √ λc = √ = w = 1,25 (1,47)2 = 2,7 ∑ tekan =

(21)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 21

VI. DESAIN PLAT KOPPEL

gaya tekan max = 41,35 t = 41350 kg menggunakan profil 180.180.18

a = 12,1 e1 = 309,9 m I1 = 1870

 Syarat kekuatan plat koppel

I koppel = maka

memakai plat koppel 1/4" = 0,6 cm √ b = (18x2) + 1,9 = 37,9

 maka ukuran pelat koppel = 37,9 x 25 x 0,6

 Periksa kekuatan pelat koppel L = 2% x 41350 = 827 kg L = = pakai L Sx = = 46,875 Ix = = 781,25

(22)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 22 τmax = = =

 Maka pelat koppel 37,9 x 25 x 0,6 dapat dipakai  Jumlah medan = 3 buah

(23)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 23

VII. DESAIN SAMBUNGAN BAUT DAN GAMBAR DETAIL

MUTU BAJA BJ 34 Tegangan leleh = 2100 kg/cm2 σ BJ 34 = 1400 kg/cm2 Asumsi ᶲ baut (db) = 1.5” = 3.81 cm e 1.5d 2.5d Perhitungan Jarak Antar Baut 2.5d 1.5d

(24)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 24

DETAIL SAMBUNGAN 1

 Periksa kekuatan 1 baut : N = A baut τ

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

= 9571.9 kg  N terkecil yang dipakai  Kekuatan 1 lubang : d = db + 0.2 cm = 3.81 + 0.2 = 4.01 cm N = dt 1.2 σ = 4.01 x 2 x 1.2 x 1400 = 13473.6 kg

 Perhitungan jumlah baut :

S13 = = 0.4 1 baut S1 = = 2.4 3 baut S14 = = 2 baut 16.0 18.0 18.0

Detail 1

S14 S13 S1

Atap Surya Roof Trakstang Ø10 mm Profile siku ganda 180.180.18 Profile Canal 180.70.8

Profile siku ganda 160.160.15 Profile siku 180.180.18 9.5 5.7 9.5 Plat Penyambung 3/4'' Baut 3-Ø1.5 '' Baut 2-Ø1.5 '' Baut 2-Ø1.5 ''

(25)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 25

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

S2 = = 4.3 5 baut S1 = = 2.4 3 baut S15 = = 1.2 2 baut S16 = = 1.6 2 baut

Detail 2

S15 S16 S2 S1

Atap Surya Roof Trakstang Ø10 mm

Profile siku ganda 180.180.18

18.0

16.0

18.0

Profile siku ganda 180.180.18 Profile Canal 180.70.8 Baut 3-Ø1.5 '' Baut 2-Ø1.5 '' Baut 2-Ø1.5 '' Baut 5-Ø1.5 '' Plat Penyambung 3/4''

(26)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 26

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

S3 = = 3.9 4 baut S17 = = 1 baut S2 = = 4.3 5 baut S18 = = 0.48 1 baut

Detail 3

S17 S18 S3 S2

Profile siku ganda180.180.18

18. 0 18. 0 18.0 Profile siku 180.180.18 Profile Canal 180.70.8

Profile siku ganda 180.180.18 Baut 1-Ø1.5 ''

Baut 4-Ø1.5 '' Baut 5-Ø1.5 ''

(27)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 27

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

S3 = = 3.9 4 baut S4 = = 3.9 4 baut S19 = = 3.9 4 baut

Detail 4

S3 S4 S19

Profile Canal 180.70.8

Profile Canal 180.70.8 Atap Surya Roof

Trakstang Ø10 mm Profile siku ganda 180.180.18

18.0

16.0

Profile siku ganda 160.160.15 Plat Penyambung

Baut 4-Ø1.5 ''

Baut 4-Ø1.5 '' Baut 4-Ø1.5 ''

(28)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 28

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

Detail 5

18.0 16 .0 18.0 S4 S20 S5 S21 Profile Canal 180.70.8 Atap Surya Roof

Trakstang Ø10 mm

Profile siku ganda180.180.18

Profile siku ganda 180.180.18 Profile siku ganda

160.160.15 Baut 4-Ø1.5 '' Baut 4-Ø1.5 '' Baut 1-Ø1.5 '' Baut 1-Ø1.5 '' Plat Penyambung 3/4''

(29)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 29

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

Detail 6

18.0 16.0 18.0 S5 S22 S23 S6

Profile Canal 180.70.8

160.160.15 Plat Penyambung 3/4'' Baut 2-Ø1.5 '' Baut 4-Ø1.5 '' Baut 1-Ø1.5 '' Baut 2-Ø1.5 ''

(30)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 30 16 .0 18.0 18.0

Detail 7

Profile siku ganda180.180.18 Profile Canal 180.70.8 S6

S24

S25 _{Profile siku ganda}

180.180.18 Profile siku ganda

160.160.15 Baut 2-Ø1.5 '' Baut 2-Ø1.5 '' Baut 2-Ø1.5 '' Plat Penyambung 3/4'' DETAIL SAMBUNGAN 7

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

S6 =

= 1.8 2 baut

S24 = = 1.5 2 baut S25 = = 1.1 2 baut

(31)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 31

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

 Perhitungan jumlah baut : S7 =

= 0 1 baut ( gaya netral )

S25 = = 1.1 2 baut S25 S7

Detail 8

16.0 18.0 Plat Penyambung 3/4'' Baut 2-Ø1.5 '' Baut 1-Ø1.5 ''

(32)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 32

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

S8 = = 1.8 2 baut S23 = = 0.9 1 baut S24 = = 1.5 2 baut S7 = = 0 1 baut S24 S23 S8 S7 16.0 18.0 16.0

Detail 9

16.0

180.180.18

Profile siku ganda 160.160.15 Baut 1-Ø1.5 '' Baut 1-Ø1.5 '' Baut 2-Ø1.5 '' Baut 2-Ø1.5 '' Plat Penyambung 3/4''

(33)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 33 S22 S21 S9 S8 16.0 18.0 16.0

Detail 10

16.0

180.180.18 Baut 1-Ø1.5 '' Baut 2-Ø1.5 '' Baut 2-Ø1.5 '' Baut 4-Ø1.5 '' Plat Penyambung 3/4'' DETAIL SAMBUNGAN 10

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

(34)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 34

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

S9 = = 3.1 4 baut S10 = = 4.3 5 baut S18 = = 0.48 1 baut S19 = = 3.9 4 baut S20 = = 0.9 1 baut 16.0

Detail 11

S10 S9 S20 S18 S19 16.0 16.0 16.0 18.0

Profile siku ganda

180.180.18 Profile siku ganda 160.160.15

Profile siku ganda 160.160.15 Baut 1-Ø1.5 '' Baut 4-Ø1.5 '' Baut 5-Ø1.5 '' Baut 4-Ø1.5 '' Baut 1-Ø1.5 '' Plat Penyambung 3/4''

(35)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 35

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

 Perhitungan jumlah baut : S17 = = 1 baut S10 = = 4.3 5 baut S11 = = 2.4 3 baut S16 = = 1.6 2 baut S16 S17 S10 S11 16.0 18.0 16.0

Detail 12

16.0

(36)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 36

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

S15 = = 1.2 2 baut S11 = = 2.4 3 baut S14 = = 2 baut S12 = = 0.4 1 baut S14 S15 S11 S12 16.0 18.0 16.0 18.0

Detail 13

160.160.15

(37)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 37

= ¼ (db)2

( 0.6 x 1400) = ¼ (3.81)2

(840)

S12 = = 0.4 1 baut S13 = = 1.3 2 baut

S13 _S12

18.0

Detail 14

5.7 9.5 5.7 5.7 Baut 1-Ø1.5 '' Baut 2-Ø1.5 '' 5.1 Plat Penyambung 3/4''

(38)

TYPE KUDA-KUDA VAULTED PARALLEL CHORD

Page 38

TABEL JUMLAH BAUT

Total jumlah baut yang dipakai untuk kuda-kuda : 122 buah

Batang Gaya Batang Jumlah Baut Batang Gaya Batang Jumlah Baut Batang Gaya Batang Jumlah Baut

S1 Tekan 6 S10 Tarik 10 S19 Tarik 8

S2 Tekan 10 S11 Tarik 6 S20 Tarik 2

S3 Tekan 8 S12 Tekan 2 S21 Tekan 2

S4 Tekan 8 S13 Tekan 4 S22 Tarik 4

S5 Tekan 8 S14 Tarik 4 S23 Tekan 2

S6 Tekan 4 S15 Tekan 4 S24 Tarik 4

S7 - 2 S16 Tarik 4 S25 Tekan 4 S8 Tarik 4 S17 Tekan 2 Sub Total 26 S9 Tarik 8 S18 Tekan 2 Sub Total 58 Sub Total 38