Investments in Climate Change
project
Wim Maaskant
BGP Engineers – The Netherlands
Indonesia has high potential for developing energy production from renewable energy sources: sun, water, wind, biomass, geothermal energy and energy efficiency.
Geothermal: Indonesia has a history of using geothermal energy for heating purposes. The potential for geothermal energy production is estimated at several thousands GWh per year. Currently the potential is hardly explored.
Small hydro: There are more than thousands of potential small hydro sites with small hydro plants from 45 kW up to 5000 kW. Therefore the overall potential is very big.
Wind: There are no wind turbines for energy production installed in Indonesia. However, the potential for energy production using wind
power is estimated to be very favorable, especially in the central part of the country.
Biomass: The technical potential of biomass (energy resource from forests, agricultural residues and municipal waste) is very high.
Solar: As one of the sunniest countries in the region, Indonesia has an annual solar energy value of thousands GWh.
Energy efficiency: large potential.
Project types (general):
District heating, fuel shift to biomass and waste management
sectors are able to generate substantial volumes of Carbon Credits
in Indonesia
Sector
Industrial energy efficiency (various)
Combined heat and power (CHP) District heating energy efficiency Fuel shift (fossil => biomass) Waste management
Project types in Private
sector:
Power plant upgrade (fuel shift, energy efficiency)
Combined Heat & Power (CHP, energy efficiency)
Waste management (Methane, energy efficiency)
Gas transport (Methane)
Industrial energy efficiency (examples):
Combined Heat & Power (CHP)
Refurbishment of production units resulting in reduced specific energy consumption (GJ/tonne product). Sectors: paper, steel, cement, ceramics etc. (EU-ETS)
Fuel shift: use of biomass, biogas etc.
Renewable energy (wind, solar, hydro)
Boiler optimization
Reduction of N2O-emission (fertilizer industry)
Reduction og HCF emssions
Waste management (examples):
Waste incenerators (baseline!)
Capture of methane from landfills, production of electricty
Recovery of methane from sludge digestors, production of electricity
Waste water treatment (as alternative to direct discharge)
Sludge digestion (with recovery of methane)
Recovery of waste wood or other organic wastes (paper waste, waste gases etc.)
Abatement of leakage from pipelines;
Transportation (examples):
Energy efficiency in public transport (metro, buses)
Bio-ethanol production
Bio-oil and biodiesel production
Other (examples):
Forestry (many obstacles)
Project types in Public
sector:
Power plant upgrade (fuel shift) Hydro power (renewables)
District heating networks (energy efficiency) Waste water treatment plants (Methane)
Project types in Public sector
(examples):
Power plant upgrade (fuel shift) Hydro power (renewables)
District heating networks (improvement of distribution stations, network refurbishment)
Waste water treatment plants (Methane, sludge digestion, energy efficiency improvement)
Energy efficient buidings (programmatic CDM
