Energy and Protein Retention of Local Rabbit Housed in Different Cages.

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Official Reprint PDF of Authors

Energy and Protein Retention of

Local Rabbit Housed in Different

Cages

By

I. M . Nuriyasa, I.M . M astika,

I.G. M ahardika, I.W . Kasa

and I G. Ag. I. Aryani

I SSN 097 0- 4973 ( Print)

I SSN 231 9- 3077 ( Online/ Electronic)

I ndex Copernicus I nternational Value

I C Value of Journal 4.21 ( Poland, Europe) ( 2 012) Global I mpact factor of Journal: 0.587 ( 20 1 2)

Scientific Journals I mpact Factor: 2.597

J. Biol. Chem. Research

Volume 31 ( 2) 2014 Pages No. 800- 80 7

Journal of

Biological and

Chemical Research

( An I nternational Journal of Life Sciences and Chemistry)

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Department of Climatology, * *Department of Animal Nutrition, * * *Department of Biology and * * * * Language Laboratory, Faculty of Animal Science, Udayana University, Denpasar, Bali,

Indonesia

ABSTRACT

An experiment w as carried out to st udy microclimate, energy and protein retention of local rabbit offered diets w ith different energy and protein level. Sixty four rabbits of five w eek old w ere used in this study and housed in bat tery and underground cages. A split-plot design consisting of tw o main plots: underground shelter (K0) and battery housing systems (K1), four sub plot: diets w it h 2200 kcal M E kg-1 and 14% CP (R1), 2400 kcal M E kg-1 and 15.5% CP (R2), 2600 kcal M E kg-1 and 17% CP (R3), 2800 kcal M E kg-1 and 18.5% CP (R4) w ith four replicates used in each of experiment. The results show ed that underground shelter cage had low er temperatures and humidity (P<0.05) than the battery cage. Rabbits housed in underground shelter had higher energy retention (P<0.05) t han those housed in battery cages. Rabbit housed in underground shelter had low er heat production t han those housed in battery cages (85.51 kcal M E W0,75d-1 vs. 120.68 kcal M E W0,75d-1). Diets R3 fed to local male rabbits had underground shelter cage found efficient use of energy and protein for grow t h.

Keyw ords: Local Rabbit, M icroclimate, Energy Retention, Under Ground Shelter cage and Battery cage.

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Energy and Protien………...……….Different Cages Nuriyasa et. al., 2014

INTRODUCTION

Rabbit is an ideal sm all livest ock ent erprise for rural area, especially in developing count ries. These are due t o t he fact t hat rabbit husbandry has som e advant ages t hat are prolific and relat ively odorless and need less space. Based on econom ic considerat ions, several developing count ries have chosen rabbit as a source of anim al prot ein t o provide anim al prot ein needs of t he com m unit y (M ailafia et al., 2010). Rabbit product ion in hot clim at e regions has som e w ork t hrough physiological process such as increased pulse rat e, rect al and skin t em perat ure, respirat ion rat e and gasping. This energy loss reduced t he overall efficiency of nut rient ut ilizat ion for product ion and increase heat out put for energy m aint enance. A com binat ion of high t em perat ure and hum idit y is very st ressfully t o m ost rabbit and affect s energy and prot ein ret ent ion in t he body of t he rabbit (Prasad et al., 1996). Current experim ent w as carried out undert akes t o st udy and provide addit ional inform at ion for rabbit husbandry part icularly, on m icroclim at e and energy ret ent ion on local rabbit housed at different cages and offered diet s w it h different energy and prot ein level in low land t ropical regions.

M ATERIAL AND M ETHODS

While t hose housed underground shelt er has sim ilar size t han t hose house in bat t ery cage.

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The fresh body from each t reat m ent w as chopped, ground using m eat grinder, t han t he ground t abulat ed, and analyzed using analysis of variance. Whenever significant ly differences am ong t reat m ent w ere found, analysis w ill be cont inued using Duncan’s M ult iple Range Test (St eel and Torrie, 1980). object m ade higher object t em perat ure. There w as no significant difference (P> 0.05) of solar radiat ion int ensit y in different cages, indicat ing t hat t em perat ure differences bet w een rabbit house. M et abolic heat produced, by t he rabbit consum ed diet cont ained different energy and prot ein did not affect t he air t em perat ure (Table 2). Sim ilarly, M cNit t et al. (1996) report ed t hat higher energy and prot ein consum pt ion produced higher m et abolic heat on rabbit s.

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Cage vent ilat ion caused air m ovem ent w ell so t he difference of heat from m et abolic rat e differences not accum ulat ed and affect ing t he air t em perat ure. Table 2 also show ed t hat diet ary t reat m ent s did not give significant effect on solar radiat ion int ensit y and air t em perat ure in t he cage so air t em perat ure in cage w here rabbit fed diet s R1, R2, R3 and R4 w ere sim ilar.

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1) K0: Under Ground Shelt er Cage K1: Bat t ery Cage

2) Value w it h sam e superscript s in t he sam e row indicat ing no significant difference (P> 0.05) 3) SEM : St andard Error of t he Treat m ent M eans

Table 2. M icro Climates and Nutrient Retent ion by Rabbit Offered Diets w ith Energy and Protein Different.

Variable Treat m ent

R1 R2 R3 R4 SEM

Effect of Different Diets on M icroclimate

Tem perat ure Hum idit y Index (THI) 26,92a 26,92a 26,99a 26,89a 0,06 The int ensit y of solar radiat ion (fc) 6,94a 4,51a 6,06a 7,19a 1,79

Effect of Different Diets on Energy Retention

Energy consum pt ion (kcal d-1) 212,77c 248,92b 286,53a 297,68a 10,42 Fecal Energy (kcal d-1) 57,30b 61,16a 63,53ab 81,27a 0,79 Digest ible Energy (kcal d-1) 155,47c 187,76b 223,00a 216,41a 7,66 M et abolizable Energy (kcal d-1) 147,7c 178,37b 211,85a 205,56a 6,13 Ret ained Energy (kcal d-1) 31,63b 35,64b 60,05a 48,65a 3,59 Heat Product ion (HP) kcalW0,75d-1) 106,86a 111,75a 89,12a 104,64a 9,44 M E Consum pt ion / gain (kcal/ g

gain) 12,84

a

12,37a 9,99a 11,28a 1,8

Effect of Different Diets on Protein Retention

Prot ein Consum pt ion (g d-1)

7,92d 10,26c 11,78b 13,45a 0,44 Fecal Prot ein Feses (g d-1)

2,01a 2,12a 3,05a 2,60a 0,64 Digest ible Prot ein (g d-1)

5,91c 8,14bb 8,73bb 10,85aa 3,21

Ret ained Prot ein (g d-1) 2,05b 2,68b 4,70a 3,8b 0,15 Weight gain (g d-1) 11.33c 14.14b 18.95a 17.06a 0,72

Effect of Different Diets on Digestibility

Dry M at t er Digest ibilit y (%) 64,38a 68,66a 66,83a 72,21a 3,17 Energy Digest ibilit y (%) 72,76a 75,17a 77,78a 72,97a 3,79 Prot ein Digest ibilit y (%) 75,67a 79,44a 76,00a 82,09a 1,75

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At cage (K1), t he relat ionship bet w een m et abolizable energy int akes w it h energy ret ent ion is described by t he regression equat ion (2).

RE = -91.26 + 0.655 M Ei, r = 0,73..………..(2)

This indicat es t hat w hen rabbit is not grow ing (RE = 0) m et abolizable energy requirem ent s w as 139.33 kcal W0,75d-1. Calculat ion on basal m et abolizable energy of rabbit in cage K 1 w as higher t han t hose rabbit in K0. M aint enance energy requirem ent of rabbit s t hat housed in cages K1 w ere higher t han t hose in cage K0. (109.35 kcalW0.75d-1 vs 70.79 kcalW0.75d-1) so t hat t he basal m et abolizable energy needed for t he rabbit s in cage K1 w as higher t han cage K0.

CONCLUSION

M icro-clim at ic condit ions on t he underground shelt er w as m ore com fort able t han t he bat t ery cage but diet s w it h different energy and prot ein level did not give significant effect (P>0,05) on m icro-clim at ic param et ers m easured. Rabbit s housed in underground shelt er had higher energy ret ent ion t han t hose in t he bat t ery (50 kcal d-1 vs. 37.40 kcal d-1). Energy ret ent ion by rabbit s given diet s cont aining 2600 kcal M E kg-1 and 17% CP (R3) , 2800 kcal M E kg-1 and 18.50% CP (R4) w ere higher t han t hose diet s cont aining 2400 kcal M E kg-1 and 15.50% CP (R2) and 2200 kcal M E kg-1 w it h 14% CP (R1).

ACKNOW LEDGEM ENTS

The aut hors w ish t o t hank t o t he Indonesian governm ent t hrough Udayana Com m unit y Service (LPPM ), w ho gave financial support t o com plet e t his w ork. Thanks t o t he Facult y of Anim al Husbandry, Udayana Universit y and Facult y of Post Graduat e St udy w ho had provided equipm ent and research facilit ies during t his st udy.

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Corresponding author: Dr. I. M . Nuriyasa, Depart m ent of Clim at ology, Udayana Universit y, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia

Email:m adenuriyasa@yahoo.com, Phone: 085739571118