201-501-1-PB

PENGGUNAAN METODE FT-IR (

PENGGUNAAN METODE FT-IR ( Fourier T Fourier Transform Infra ransform Infra RedRed) UNTUK ) UNTUK MENGIDENTIFIKASIMENGIDENTIFIKASI GUGUS FUNGSI PADA PROSES PEMBALURAN PENDERITA MIOMA

GUGUS FUNGSI PADA PROSES PEMBALURAN PENDERITA MIOMA

Siti Silviyah,

Siti Silviyah, Cho!i" S# $i%o%o, Ma!&'&ohCho!i" S# $i%o%o, Ma!&'&oh '&'!a" Fi!ia FMIPA U"iv*&!ita! B&a+iaya '&'!a" Fi!ia FMIPA U"iv*&!ita! B&a+iaya

Eail

Eail !ilviyaha.h/'%01ail#.o!ilviyaha.h/'%01ail#.o

A2!t&a A2!t&a

M*to%* 2al'& a%alah *to%* ya"1 2*&/'"1!i '"t' *"1*l'a&a" &a.'" %a&i t'2'h *lal'i 'lit# M*to%* 2al'& a%alah *to%* ya"1 2*&/'"1!i '"t' *"1*l'a&a" &a.'" %a&i t'2'h *lal'i 'lit# Dala *to%* 3*2al'&a" t*&%a3at *3at taha3a" yait' taha3 3*2*&ia" o2at a.*to!al (AC), 2*"4o5'i"o" Dala *to%* 3*2al'&a" t*&%a3at *3at taha3a" yait' taha3 3*2*&ia" o2at a.*to!al (AC), 2*"4o5'i"o" (B5), 6UM (U&*a), %a" o3i# Dal

(B5), 6UM (U&*a), %a" o3i# Dala 3*"*litia" i"i %ila'a" i%*"ti/ia!i 1'1'! a 3*"*litia" i"i %ila'a" i%*"ti/ia!i 1'1'! /'"1!i ya"1 t*&a"%'"1 3a%a/'"1!i ya"1 t*&a"%'"1 3a%a o2at %a" li2ah 2al'& ya"1 %i%'1a

o2at %a" li2ah 2al'& ya"1 %i%'1a !*2a1ai 4at ya"1 2*&3*&a" 3a%a 3*"yait io#!*2a1ai 4at ya"1 2*&3*&a" 3a%a 3*"yait io# FT

FT-IR %i1'"aa" '"t' *"1i%*"ti/ia!i 1'1'! /'"1!i -IR %i1'"aa" '"t' *"1i%*"ti/ia!i 1'1'! /'"1!i %a" !*"ya+a ya"1 t*&a"%'"1 %ala %a" !*"ya+a ya"1 t*&a"%'"1 %ala o2at %a"o2at %a" li2ah 2al'&# Da&i ha!il  a&at*&i!a!i *"11'"aa" FT-IR %i3*&ol*h ha!il !*'lah 1'1'! /'"1!i ya"1 li2ah 2al'&# Da&i ha!il  a&at*&i!a!i *"11'"aa" FT-IR %i3*&ol*h ha!il !*'lah 1'1'! /'"1!i ya"1 t*&%a3at 3a%a o2at %a" li2ah 2al'&# Da" ti%a %it*'a" 3*&2*%aa" 1'1'! /'"1!i 3a%a o2at %a" li2ah t*&%a3at 3a%a o2at %a" li2ah 2al'&# Da" ti%a %it*'a" 3*&2*%aa" 1'1'! /'"1!i 3a%a o2at %a" li2ah 2a

2al'l'& & 3a3a%a %a 3*3*"%"%*&*&ita ita iioo, , !*!*hihi"1"11a 1a 2*2*l'l'  %a%a3a3at t %i%it*t*"t'"t'aa" " 1'1'1'1'! ! /'/'"1"1!i !i yaya"1 "1 2*2*&3&3*&*&a" a" %a%alala 3*"y*2'ha" io# Na'" ha!il

3*"y*2'ha" io# Na'" ha!il FTFT-IR '"t' 3*"%*&ita -IR '"t' 3*"%*&ita io *"'"'a" t*&a%i"ya 3*&1*!*&a" 2ila"1a"io *"'"'a" t*&a%i"ya 3*&1*!*&a" 2ila"1a" 1*lo2a"1 ya"1 2*l' %a3at %ia"ali!a#

1*lo2a"1 ya"1 2*l' %a3at %ia"ali!a#

Kata '".i  Bal'&, o2at %a" li2ah 2al'&, FT-IR Kata '".i  Bal'&, o2at %a" li2ah 2al'&, FT-IR

A2!t&a.t A2!t&a.t

R'22i"1 *tho% i! a *tho% '!*% to &*ov* to7i" i" th* h'a" 2o%y th&o'1h !i"# Th*&* a&* /o'& R'22i"1 *tho% i! a *tho% '!*% to &*ov* to7i" i" th* h'a" 2o%y th&o'1h !i"# Th*&* a&* /o'& !t*3! o/

!t*3! o/ &'22i&'22i"1 *tho%!, th*y a&* "1 *tho%!, th*y a&* 1ivi"1ivi"1 1 a.*to!a.*to!al (AC) al (AC) *%i.*%i.i"*, i"*, 2*"4o2*"4o5'i"o" (B5), 6UM (U&*a), a"%5'i"o" (B5), 6UM (U&*a), a"% .o//**# Th* 3'&3o!* o/ thi! &*!*a&.h i! to i%*"ti/y th* /'".tio"al 1&o'3 o/ *%i.i"* a"% +a!t* &'22i"18!, .o//**# Th* 3'&3o!* o/ thi! &*!*a&.h i! to i%*"ti/y th* /'".tio"al 1&o'3 o/ *%i.i"* a"% +a!t* &'22i"18!, +hi.h i"%i.ati"1 !'2!ta".* o/ yoa

+hi.h i"%i.ati"1 !'2!ta".* o/ yoa FT

FT-IR *tho% i! '!*% to i%*"ti/y /'".tio"al 1&o'3 a"-IR *tho% i! '!*% to i%*"ti/y /'".tio"al 1&o'3 a"% .o3o'"% % .o3o'"% i" *%i.i"* a"% +a!t* &'22i"1#i" *%i.i"* a"% +a!t* &'22i"1# By '!i"1 FT-IR, th* &*!'lt !ho+*% th* ao'"t /'".tio"al 1&o'3 o/ th* *%i.i"* a"% +a!t* &'22i"1# O" th* By '!i"1 FT-IR, th* &*!'lt !ho+*% th* ao'"t /'".tio"al 1&o'3 o/ th* *%i.i"* a"% +a!t* &'22i"1# O" th* oth*& ha"%, th*&* +*&* "o %i//*&*".*! /'".tio"al 1&o'3 i" *%i.i"* a"% +a!t* &'22i"1 /o& yoa9! 3ati*"t# oth*& ha"%, th*&* +*&* "o %i//*&*".*! /'".tio"al 1&o'3 i" *%i.i"* a"% +a!t* &'22i"1 /o& yoa9! 3ati*"t# I" !3it* o/

I" !3it* o/ FTFT-IR9! &*!'lt /o& yoa9-IR9! &*!'lt /o& yoa9! 3ati*"t !ho+*% ! 3ati*"t !ho+*% th* +av*"'2*&# th* +av*"'2*&# B't it .a"9t 2* B't it .a"9t 2* *73li"*%, "o+ /'&th*&*73li"*%, "o+ /'&th*& a"aly!i! i! "**%*% to '"%*&!ta"% thi! 3h*"o*"a#

a"aly!i! i! "**%*% to '"%*&!ta"% thi! 3h*"o*"a# K*y+o&% R'22i"1

K*y+o&% R'22i"1,, *%i.i"* a"% +a!t* o/ &'22i"1*%i.i"* a"% +a!t* o/ &'22i"1,, FT-IR M*tho%FT-IR M*tho%,, I#

I# PENDAHULUANPENDAHULUAN

II#

II# M*M*toto%* %* 3*3*22alal'&'&a" a" a%a%alalah ah **toto%*%* ya"

ya"1 1 2*&2*&/'"/'"1!i 1!i '"t'"t' ' *"*"1*1*l'al'a&a&a" " &a.&a.'"'" %a

%a&i &i t't'2'2'h h **lalal'l'i i ''lilit# t# DaDalala  **toto%*%* 3*

3*2al2al'&a'&a" " t*&t*&%a3%a3at at *3*3at at tahtaha3aa3a" " yaiyait't' ttaahhaa3 3 33**22**&i&iaa" " oo22aat t aa..**ttoo!!aal l ((AACC)),, 2*"

2*"4o54o5'i"'i"o" o" (B5(B5), ), 6UM 6UM (U&(U&*a)*a), , %a" %a" o3o3i#i# A.*

A.*to!to!al al **"1a"1a"%'"%'"1 "1 1'11'1'! '! /'"/'"1!i 1!i a!a!aa a&

a&2o2o!il!ilat at %*"%*"1a" 1a" &'&''! '! olol*'*'l l CC::66;;OO<< ya"1

ya"1 %i1'%i1'"aa"aa" " !*2a!*2a1ai 1ai !*"y!*"ya+a a+a a"ala"al1*!i1*!i ((33**""aahhaa" " &&aa!!a a !!aaiitt) ) ((SyarSyarif. if. 2007 2007 )#)# B*"4

B*"4o5'i"o5'i"o" o" a%ala%alah ah !*"y!*"ya+a a+a iia iia %*"1%*"1a"a" &'

&''! '! CC==66<<OO>>, , ya"ya"1 1 %al%ala a **a%aa%aa" a" '&'&"i"i *

*2*"2*"t' t' &i&i!ta!tal l 2*2*&+a&+a&"a &"a '"'"i"1 i"1 .*&.*&ahah %*"1

%*"1a" a" a&aa&at*&i!t*&i!ti ti 2a' 2a' ya"1 '&a"1 *"aya"1 '&a"1 *"a *

*"y"y*&*&'3'3ai ai llo&o&i" i" atata' a' 3*3*''titih h (( Miano. Miano.

1996

1996)# 6UM (U&*a) a%alah !*"ya+a o&1a"i)# 6UM (U&*a) a%alah !*"ya+a o&1a"i ya"1 t*&!'!'" %a&i

ya"1 t*&!'!'" %a&i '"!''"!'& & a&2a&2o", hi%&o1*",o", hi%&o1*", o!i1*", %a" "it&o1*" %*"1a" &''! CON o!i1*", %a" "it&o1*" %*"1a" &''! CON>>66<< aattaa' ' ((NN66>>))>>CO CO ((Brigen. 2000Brigen. 2000))# # KKoo33ii %i%

%i%oioi"a"a!i !i ol*ol*h h !*"!*"ya+ya+a a alalaloaloi% i% 7a"7a"ti"ti"aa 2*&2*"t' &i!tal ya"1 *ilii !*"!a!i &a!a 2*&2*"t' &i!tal ya"1 *ilii !*"!a!i &a!a 3

3aahhiit t %%**""11aa" " &&''''! ! iiiia a CC;;66?@?@NN<<OO>> (( Moughan. 200 Moughan. 20033))

IIIIII# # MM**ttoo%%* * 33**22aall''&&aa" " 22iiaa!!aa""yyaa %i1'"aa" '"t' 3*"1o2ata" 3*"%*&ita io %i1'"aa" '"t' 3*"1o2ata" 3*"%*&ita io ata' ioa# Mio a%alah !alah !at' 3*"yait ata' ioa# Mio a%alah !alah !at' 3*"yait !*

!**"i*"i! ! t't'o& o& i"ai"a  yaya"1 "1 a%a a%a 3a3a%a %a %i"%i"%i"%i"11 &a

&ahihi  +a+a"i"ita ta yaya"1 "1 t't'22'h 'h **titia a +a+a"i"itata a

a!i!ih h %a%alala  aa!a !a 3&3&o%o%''titi/# /# MiMio o titi%a%a ha"ya t'2'h !at' 2'ah, io %a3at t'2'h ha"ya t'2'h !at' 2'ah, io %a3at t'2'h

2a"ya %itia3 %i"%i"1 &ahi hi"11a *

2a"ya %itia3 %i"%i"1 &ahi hi"11a * !*la3't!*la3't %i

%i""%%i"i"1 1 &a&ahihi  +a+a""ititaa# # MiMio o &a&atata-&-&atataa 2*&''&a" !*3*&ti a.a"1 3olo"1 %a" a"11'& 2*&''&a" !*3*&ti a.a"1 3olo"1 %a" a"11'& (( urniasari.  urniasari. 20102010))# # SS**ttiiaa3 3 oo22aat t yyaa""11 %i1'"aa" %ala taha3 3*2al'&a" *ilii %i1'"aa" %ala taha3 3*2al'&a" *ilii a"%

a"%'"1a'"1a" " !*"y!*"ya+a a+a ya"1 ya"1 2*&22*&2*%a# *%a# D*"1D*"1a"a" *"11'"aa" alat FT-IR (

*"11'"aa" alat FT-IR ( Fourier  Fourier TTransformransform  Infra

 Infra RedRed) aa" %i*tah'i !*"ya+a 3*"y'!'") aa" %i*tah'i !*"ya+a 3*"y'!'" o2

o2at at 2a2al'l'& & !*!*&t&ta a 1'1'1'1'! ! /'/'"1"1!i !i aa"a "a yaya"1"1 2a"ya t*&iat 3a%a t'2'h#

2a"ya t*&iat 3a%a t'2'h# I

I## FTFT-IR *&'3aa" !alah !at' i"!t&'*"-IR *&'3aa" !alah !at' i"!t&'*" ya"

ya"1 1 *"*"1111'"a'"aaa" " 3&i3&i"!i"!i3 3 !3*!3*t&t&o!o!o3io3i## S3*t&o!o3i a%alah !3*t&o!o3i i"/&a*&ah S3*t&o!o3i a%alah !3*t&o!o3i i"/&a*&ah ya"1 %il*"1a3i %*"1a" t&a"!/o&a!i /o'&i*& ya"1 %il*"1a3i %*"1a" t&a"!/o&a!i /o'&i*& '"t' %*t*!i %a" a"ali!i! ha!il !3*t&'"ya '"t' %*t*!i %a" a"ali!i! ha!il !3*t&'"ya (A

(A"a"a# # >@>@@@)# )# S3S3**t&t&o!o!oo3i 3i i"i"/&/&aa*&*&ahah 2*&

2*&1'"a 1'"a '"t' '"t' i%*"ti%*"ti/iai/ia!i !i !*"y!*"ya+a a+a o&1o&1a"ia"i a&*

a&*"a "a !3*!3*t&'"yt&'"ya a ya"1 ya"1 !a"1!a"1at at o3o3l*!l*! ya

ya"1 "1 t*t*&%&%i&i i&i %a%a&i &i 2a2a"y"ya a 3'3'".".aa-3-3'"'".a.a (Ch'

(Ch'!"'l# !"'l# >@?>@??)# ?)# S*laiS*lai" " it', it', a!ia!i"1-a"1-a!i"1!i"1 *

*lolo33o o /'/'"1"1!i!ioo"a"al l **""y*y*&a&a3 3 !i!i""a&a& i"

i"/&/&aa**&a&ah h 33a%a%a a /&/&**''**"!"!i i yyaa"1 "1 ''"i"i## B*&

B*&%a!%a!a&a&a" a" 3*3*"*l"*litiitia" a" !*!*2*l2*l'"'"ya ya t*lt*lahah %ila'a" '"t' *"1*tah'i *"i!-*"i! 1'1'! %ila'a" '"t' *"1*tah'i *"i!-*"i! 1'1'! /'"1!i ya"1 %a3at

/'"1!i ya"1 %a3at *"1i"%ia!ia*"1i"%ia!ia" o3o!i!i" o3o!i!i '

'' ' %a%a&i &i o2o2at at %a%a" " lili22ah ah 2a2al'l'& & (D(Di*i*"a"a## >@@

>@@:)# :)# DalDala a 3*"3*"*li*litiatia" " i"i i"i o2ao2at t 2al2al'& '& %a"%a" li2a

li2ah h 2al'2al'& & %ia%iaati ati %*"1%*"1a" a" *"1*"11'"a1'"aa"a" FT

FT-IR-IR, , %*%*"1"1a" a" t't'''a" a" '"'"t't'  **"1"1*t*tahah'i'i 3*&2*%aa" 1'1'! /'"1!i ya"1 t*&%a3at %ala 3*&2*%aa" 1'1'! /'"1!i ya"1 t*&%a3at %ala o2

o2aat t 22aal'l'& & %%aa" " %a%a" " lili2a2ah h 22alal''& & 3a3a%%aa 3*"%*&ita io#

3*"%*&ita io# 

## TT''''aa" " %%aa&&i i 33**""**llttiiaa" " ii""ii aa%a%alalah h **""1a1aaati ti 11'1'1'! '! /'/'""11!i !i yaya""11 t*

t*&&a"a"%'%'"1 "1 %a%alala  o2o2at at %a%a" " lili22ah ah 2a2al'l'&& %*"1a" *"11'"aa" FT-IR %a" *"1aati %*"1a" *"11'"aa" FT-IR %a" *"1aati 3*&2*%aa" ha!il FT-IR o2at %a" li2ah 2al'&# 3*&2*%aa" ha!il FT-IR o2at %a" li2ah 2al'&#



II## RR''''!!aa" " aa!!aallaah h %%aa&&ii 3*"*

3*"*litia" litia" i"i i"i a%ala%alah ah *"1*"1i%*"ti%*"ti/iai/ia!i !i 1'1!1'1! /'"1!i o2at %a" li2ah 2al'& %*"1a" FT-IR /'"1!i o2at %a" li2ah 2al'& %*"1a" FT-IR %a"

%a" 2a1a2a1aia"a 3*&2*%aia"a 3*&2*%aa" a" ha!iha!il l FTFT-IR -IR o2ato2at %a" li2ah 2al'&#

%a" li2ah 2al'&# II#

II#METODE PENELITIANMETODE PENELITIAN



IIIIII## SS33**tt&&oo!!oo33i i FFTT--IIR R (( Fourier Fourier Trasform Infra Red

Trasform Infra Red) *&'3aa" !3*t&o!o3i) *&'3aa" !3*t&o!o3i ii""//&&aa**&a&ah h yyaa""1 1 %%ilil**""11aa33i i %%**""11aa"" t&

t&a"a"!/!/o&o&aa!i !i FoFo'&'&i*i*& & '"'"t't'  %*%*t*t*!!i i %a%a"" a"ali!i! ha!il !3*t&'"ya# I"ti !3*t&o!o3i a"ali!i! ha!il !3*t&'"ya# I"ti !3*t&o!o3i FT-IR a%alah i"t*&/*&o*t*& Mi.h*l!o" yait' FT-IR a%alah i"t*&/*&o*t*& Mi.h*l!o" yait' al

alat at '"'"t't'  **"1"1a"a"alali!i!i! i! /&*/&*''*"*"!i !i %a%alala !i"yal 1a2'"1a"#

!i"yal 1a2'"1a"#

II## SS33**tt&&'' i i""//&&aa**&&aah th t**&&!!**22''tt %ih

%iha!ia!ilala" " %a&%a&i i 3*"3*"t&at&a!i!i!ia!ia" " .ah.ahayaya a ya"ya"11 *

*l*l*+a+ati ti !a!a33*l*l, , 3*3*"1"1'''&'&a" a" i"i"t*t*"!"!itaita!! .ah

.ahayaya a %*"%*"1a" 1a" %*t%*t*t*to& o& %a" %a" %i2%i2a"%a"%i"1i"1a"a" %*"1a" i"t*"!ita! ta"3a !a3*l !*2a1ai /'"1!i %*"1a" i"t*"!ita! ta"3a !a3*l !*2a1ai /'"1!i 3a"

3a"a"a"1 1 1*l1*lo2o2a"1a"1# # S3*S3*t&t&' ' i"/i"/&a&a*&a*&ahh ya

ya"1 "1 %i%i3*3*&o&ol*l*h h **''%i%ia" a" %i%i3lo3lot t !*!*2a2a1a1aii i"t*"

i"t*"!ita! !ita! /'"1!/'"1!i i *"*&*"*&1i, 1i, 3a"3a"a"1 a"1 1*lo1*lo2a"2a"11 (() ) aattaa' ' 22iillaa""11aa" " 11**lloo22aa""1 1 ((..-?-?₎₎ (Ma&.ott (?:;=) ,A"a (>@@))#

(Ma&.ott (?:;=) ,A"a (>@@))# 

## SS**a aa allaat !t !33**tt&&oo!!oo33i Fi FTTIIRR !*.a&a !*%*&ha"a %it''a" 3a%a 1a2a& >#? !*.a&a !*%*&ha"a %it''a" 3a%a 1a2a& >#?

I# I#

II#

II# GGaammbbaar r 22..11 SS**a a aallaatt !3*

!3*t&t&o!o!o3i o3i FTFT-IR-IR# # (?) (?) S'S'2*2*&& i"/

i"/&a&a*&a*&ah# h# (>) (>) P*P*2a2a1i 1i 2*2*&a&a!! ((!eam s"#i$er!eam s"#i$er)# () Ka.a 3*a"t'l#)# () Ka.a 3*a"t'l# (<) S*"!o& i"/&a*&ah# () Sa3*l# (<) S*"!o& i"/&a*&ah# () Sa3*l# (=) Di!3lay (A"a %# >@@) (=) Di!3lay (A"a %# >@@) III#

III# HASIL DAN PEMBAHASANHASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN

I#

I# IdIdenentitififikakasi si !!!s !s f!f!nnsisi

"ada #bat dan $imba% ba$!r "ada #bat dan $imba% ba$!r



## ObObat at dadan n $i$imbmba% a% a&a&etet#s#sa$a$

'A() 'A()



II## 66aa!!iil l aa""aallii!!a a !!33**tt&&oo!!oo33ii i"/

i"/&a&a*&a*&ah h *"*"'"'"''a" a" 2ah2ah+a +a 3a%3a%a a o2ao2att a.*

a.*to!to!al al %a" %a" lili2ah 2ah a.*a.*to!to!al al *"*"1a"1a"%'"%'"11 !*&

!*&a3aa3a" " 1'11'1'! '! /'"/'"1!i 1!i O-6O-6, , 1'11'1'! '! a&a&2o"2o"ilil CO, vi2&a!i 1'1'! CC, %a"

CO, vi2&a!i 1'1'! CC, %a" iata" C-Oiata" C-O II#

II# 

IIIII#I# ## TTaabbee$ *.$ *.11 DatData a 3'"3'".a .a !*!*&a3&a3a"a" i"/

i"/&a&a*&a*&ah h o2ao2at t a.*a.*to!to!al al 3*"3*"%*&%*&itaita io

io 

II## BBiillaa""11aa " " G*lo2 G*lo2 a"1 a"1 # #   II## TTii33** vi2& vi2& a!i a!i  IIII## IIIIII##

P'" Lit*& I# II# < III# <@@ I# O # A!a  a&2 o!i lat II# <@@ III# O I# A loh olH/* "ol ( %& !ou nde d) I# @@ II# C III# A i" a %a" ai %a 3&i *& (!t&* t.h) I# L# >;: LI# >:@ LII# C LIII# M*t il C6 %i%' '" 1 %*" 1a" !*&a 3a" ?= ,<< L# >:@@ LI# C LII# Al% *hi% a LIII# ? LI# ?@ L# C LI# E!t* & LII# LIII# L# ?=;@ LI# C LII# Ai %a

LI# L# LI# Al

LI# ?= ?=;@ C *"a LIII# ?=@@ LI# C L# A&o ati  LII# ?=:@ LIII# C LI# Ii "a %a" o7i a L# LI# ?>: LII# ?@ LIII# C LI# A i" a LI# ?@@ LII# C LIII# A loh ol, *t*&, *!t* &, a!a  a&2 o!i lat, a"hi %&i% a LI# S'2*&  Pavia %# >@@? L#

LI#

LII# Tabe$ *.2 Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah li2ah a.*to!al 3*"%*&ita io LIII# Bila "1a" 1*lo2a "1 LI# L#  LI# LII#T i3* vi2 &a!i LIII# P'" LI# Lit*&a CII# <> CIII# <@@ CI# O C# A!a  a& 2o !ila t CII# <@@ CIII# O CI# Al oho

l CI# @@ CII# N CIII# A i"a %a" ai %a 3&i *& (!t& *t. h) CI# >:> C# >:@ CI# C CII# M* til C6 > %i% '' "1 %*" 1a" !*&& a3a " ?< :,@  CI# @@@ C# C CI# Al a"a (!t& *t. h) CII# CIII# ?= CI# ?=;@ C# C CI# A i%a CIII# ?=:@ CI# C C# Ii "a %a" o7i a CII# ?=;@ CIII# C CI# A la "a C# ?<; CI# ?=@@ CII# C CIII# A &o at i CI# CI# CII#CIII# A

C# ?>< ?@ C i" a C# ?@@ CI# C CII#A lo hol, *t*& , *!t* &, a!a  a& 2o !ila t, a"h i%&i %a CIII# S'2*&  Pavia %#

>@@? CI# CL# CLI# CLII# CLIII#

CLI# Tabe$ *.+ Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah o2at a.*to!al 3a!i*" "o&al CL# CLI# Bi la"1a" 1*lo 2a"1 CLII#  CLIII# CLI# Ti 3* vi2&a !i CL# P' CLI# Lit* CLI# CL# CLI# ?? CLII# @ CLIII# C CLI# A&o ati (&*1a "1a" H s$re$' h) CLI# ><@ CLII# O CLIII# A !a a&2o !ilat CL# CLI#CLII# A

?@ N i"a %a" ai% a 3&i* & %a" !*'" %*& (&*1a "1a" H s$re$' h) CLIII# ?: CLI# ? CL# N CLI# A i"a %a" ai% a 3&i* & %a" !*'" %*& (2*"1 oa "H!en d) CLII# CLIII# CLI# CL# ?>? CLI# ?@@ CLII# C CLIII# Alohol, *t*&, *!t*&, a!a a&2o !ilat, a"hi% &i%a CL# ?@@ CLI# C CLII# A i"a CLI# ??< CL# S CLI# S'l/o", !'l/o "il lo&i% a, !'l/at , !'l/o "ai %* CLIII# ?@@ CLI# C CC# Fl'o& i" CCI# CCII# CCIII# >? CCI# =@ CC# C CCI# A l*"a (2*"1 oa " *l'a & 2i%a" 1 H ou$ of   "#ane !end) CCIII# =:@ CCI# C CC# A&o ati (2*"1 oa " *l'a & 2i%a" 1 H ou$ of   "#ane !end) CCII# <@ CCIII# C CCI# Klo&i " CC# CCI#

CCII#Tabe$ *.* Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah li2ah a.*to!al 3a!i*" "o&al CCIII# Bila "1a" 1*lo2 a"1 CCI# *" CC# Ti 3* vi 2& a! i CCI# P'" CCII# Lit*& CC# CCIII# >@@ CCI# O-CC# Alohol,

CCI# CCII# ; /* "o l (2 *&i a ta " 6 H  %  &! o u n de d) CCII# ><@@ CCIII# O-CCI# A!a a &2 o !il at CCI# ?@@ CCII# N-CCIII# Ai"a %a " a i %a 3& i *& %a " !* ' "% *& (& *1 a" 1a " H s$  re $' h) CCI# CC# >? CCI# >?@@ CCII# CJ CCIII# Al'"a CC# ?:<@ CCI#  CCII# All*"a, * t* "a , i! o! ia "a t, i! oti o! ia "a t CCIII# CCI# ?= CCL# ?=@@ CCLI# C CCLII# Al*"a CCLI# ?=@ CCL# C CCLI# Ai%a CCLIII# ?=<@ CCLI# C CCL# I i "a %a " o7 i a CCLI# CCLII# CCLIII# CCLI# ?>< CCL# ?@@@ CCLI# C-CCLII# Alohol, *t *&, *! t*& , a! a

 a &2 o !il at, a" hi %& i% a CCLI# ?@@@ CCL# C-CCLI# Ai"a CCLIII# ??<@ CCLI# S CCL# S'l/o", !' l/ o" il l o& i% a, !' l/a t, !' l/ o" a i %* CCLII# ?@@@ CCLIII# C-CCLI# Fl'o&i" CCL# CCLI# CCLII# >:, CCLIII# =@ CCLI# C-CCL# Al*"a (2 *" 1 o a" * l' a& 2i %a "1 H o u$  of   "# a ne !e n d) CCLII# =:@ CCLIII# C-CCLI# A&oati (2 *" 1 o a" * l' a& 2i %a "1 H o u$  of   "# a ne !e n d) CCLI# <@ CCLII# C-CCLIII# Klo&i" CCLI#

CCL# Da&i ta2*l <#? %a" <#> *"'"'a" a%a"ya 3*&2*%aa" ha!il a"ali!i! !3*t&o!o3i i"/&a*&ah# P*&2*%aa" ha!il !3*t&' o2at %a" li2ah a.*to!al %a3at %i2a"%i"1a" 2ah+a 1'1'! O-6 ya"1 t*&%a3at 3a%a o2at %a" li2ah a.*to!al 3a%a 3*"%*&ita io *"'"'a" !*&a3a" ya"1 !a"1at 3a"a"1 %a" !a"1at l*2a& %a" .i&i-.i&i t*&!*2't *&'3aa"

.i&&i-.i&i %a&i O-6 a!a a&2o!ilat# B*&1*!*&"ya 2ila"1a" 1*lo2a"1 (* i&i) 1'1'! a&2o"il CO 3a%a o2at a.*to!al a&*"a ato O t*&iat la"1!'"1 3a%a .i".i" %a" t*&a%i &*!o"a"!i a"ta&a ato O ya"1 2*&iata" la"1!'"1 %*"1a" .i".i" !*3*&ti ya"1 %iil'!t&a!ia" 3a%a 1a2a& <#>, !*hi"11a *"y*2a2a" 2ila"1a" 1*lo2a"1 *l*2ihi %a&i ?@  ? .-?

%a" /&*'*"!i 2*&1*!*& l*2ih ti"11i (Pavia %# >@@?)#

CCLI# CCLII# CCLIII# CCLI#

CCC#Gambar *.2 Ato O ya"1 t*&iat la"1!'"1 %*"1a" .i".i" CCCI#

CCCII#

CCCIII# Obat dan imba%

ben,#-!in#n 'B-)

CCCI# 6a!il a"ali!a

!3*t&o!o3i i"/&a*&ah %ala o2at 2*"4o5'i"o" *"'"'a" a%a"ya vi2&a!i O-6, 1'1'! CO %a" vi2&a!i !ili CC#

CCC# Tabe$ *. Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah o2at 2*"4o5'i"o" 3*"%*&ita io CCCI# Bila "1a" 1*lo2 a"1 CCCII#  CCCIII# CCCI# T i3* vi2& a!i CCC# P' CCCI# Lit*& CCCI# CCC# >> CCCI# <@@ CCCII# O CCCIII# A loh olH/* "ol ( %& !ou nde d) CCC# <@@ CCCI# O CCCII# A !a a&2 o!i lat CCCI# @@ CCC# N CCCI# A i" a %a" ai %a 3&i *& (s$r e$'h ) CCCII# ?== CCCIII# ?=;@ CCCI# C CCC# A i% a CCCII# ?=:@ CCCIII# C CCCI# Ii"a %a" o7i a CCC# CCCI# ?=> CCCII# ?=<@ CCCIII# N CCCI# Ai"a %a" ai %a 3&i *& (!e nd) CCCI# ?=;@ CCCII# C CCCIII# Ai%a CCC# ?=;@ CCCI# C CCCII# Al*"a CCCIII# ;> CCCI# :@@   CCCL# C CCCLI# A &o ati (ou$  of   "#a ne ) CCCLIII# ?@@@ CCCLI# C CCCL# A la" a (ou$  of   "#a ne) CCCLI# S'2*&  Pavia %#

>@@? CCCLII#

CCCLIII# Tabe$ *./ Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah li2ah 2*"4o5'i"o" 3*"%*&ita io

CCCLI# Bila"1a" 1*lo2 a"1 CCCL#  CCCLI# T i3* vi2& a!i CCCLII# P' CCCLIII# Lit*&a CCCLI# > CCCLII# <@@ CCCLIII# O CCCLI# A !a a& 2o !ilat CCCLI# >@ CCCLII# S CCCLIII# M*&.a3ta"! CCCLI# CCCL# CCCLI# >; CCCLII# >:@ CCCLIII# C CCCLI# M*til C6> %i% '' "1 %*" 1a" !*&a 3a" ?<< ?,= : CCCLI# >:@@ CCCLII# C CCCLIII# Al%*hi% CCCL# @@@ CCCLI# C CCCLII# Ala"a (s$r e$' h) CCCLIII# CCCLI# ?= CCCL# ?=;@ CCCLI# C CCCLII# Ai%a CCCLI# ?> CCCL# C CCCLI# K*to" CCCLIII# ?=:@ CCCLI# C CCCC# I i" a %a" o7i a CCCCI# ;:> CCCCII# :@@   CCCCIII# C CCCCI# A&oati (ou$  of   "#a ne !en d) CCCCI# ?@@@ CCCCII# C CCCCIII# Ala"a (ou$  of   "#a ne !en d) CCCCI# S'2*&  Pavia %#

>@@? CD#

CDI#

CDII# Tabe$ *.0 Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah o2at 2*"4o5'i"o" 3a!i*" "o&al CDIII# Bila"1 a" 1*lo2 a"1 CDI# *" CD# CDI# Ti 3* vi2 &a! i CDII# P'" CDIII# Lit*& CDI# ? CDII# ><@@ CDIII# O-CDI# A!a a& 2o !i lat CDI# ?@@ CDII# N-CDIII# Ai"a %a " a i%a 3&i * &

%a " !* ' "% *& (&* 1a "1 a"H s$r e$' h) CDI# >? CD# >?@@ CDI# CJ CDII# Al'"a CDI# ?:<@ CD#  CDI# All*"a, *t *" a, i!o !ia "at , i!o tio !i" at CDII# CDIII# ?= CDI# ?=@@ CD# C CDI# Al*"a CDIII# ?=@ CDI# C CD# Ai%a CDII# ?@ CDIII# N-CDI# Ai"a %a " a i%a 3&i * & %a " !* ' "% *& (2* "1 o a "H !e nd ) CDL# CDLI# CDLII# CDLIII# ?>; CDLI# ?@@@ CDL# C-CDLI# Alohol, *t* &, *!t *&, a!a  a& 2o !i lat, a" hi% &i% a CDLIII# ?@@@ CDLI# C-CDL# A i "a CDLII# ??<@ CDLIII# S CDLI# S'l/o", !'l /o "il lo &i% a, !'l /at , !'l /o "a i

%* CDLI# ?@@@ CDLII# C-CDLIII# Fl'o&i" CDLI# CDL# CDLI# < CDLII# =@ CDLIII# C-CDLI# Al*"a (2* "1 o a " *l 'a& 2i% a" 1) CDLI# =:@ CDLII# C-CDLIII# A&oati (2* "1 o a " *l 'a& 2i% a" 1) CDL# <@ CDLI# C-CDLII# Klo&i" CDLIII# CDLI#

CDL#Tabe$ *. Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah li2ah 2*"4o5'i"o" 3a!i*" "o&al CDLI# Bila"1a" 1*lo2 a"1 CDLII# *" CDLIII# CDLI# Ti3* vi2 &a! i CDL# P'" CDLI# Lit*& CDLI# >? CDL# ><@@ CDLI# O-CDLII# A!a a& 2o !i lat CDLI# ?@@ CDC# N-CDCI# Ai"a %a " a i%a 3&i * & %a " !* ' "% *& (&* 1a "1 a"H s$r e$' h) CDCII# >? CDCIII# >?@@ CDCI# CJ CDC# Al'"a CDCII# ?:<@ CDCIII#  CDCI# All*"a, *t *" a, i!o !ia "at , i!o tio !i" at D# DI# ?=< DII# ?=@@ DIII# C DI# Al * "a DI# ?=@ DII# C DIII# A i %a

D# ?@ DI# N-DII# A i "a %a " a i%a 3&i * & %a " !* ' "% *& (2* "1 o a "H !e nd ) DIII# DI# D# DI# ?> DII# ?@@@ DIII# C-DI# Al o hol , *t* &, *!t *&, a!a  a& 2o !i lat, a" hi% &i% a DI# ?@@@ DII# C-DIII# Ai"a D# DI# DII# ??<@ S S'l/o", !'l /o "il lo &i% a, !'l /at , !'l /o "a i %* DI# ?@@@ D# C-DI# Fl'o&i" DII# DIII# DI#  D# =@ DI# C-DII# Al*"a (2* "1 o a " *l 'a& 2i% a" 1) DI# =:@ DL# C-DLI# A& o ati  (2* "1 o a " *l 'a& 2i% a" 1) DLIII# <@ DLI# C-DL# Kl o&i

" DLI#

DLII#Da&i ta2*l <# %a" <#= *"'"'a" a%a"ya 3*&2*%aa" ha!il a"ali!a !3*t&o!o3i i"/&a*&ah 3a%a o2at %a" li2ah 2"4o5'i"o"# 6a!il FT-IR 3a%a 3a%a li2ah 2*"4o5'i"o" t*&%a3at 1'1'! O-6 3a%a 2ila"1a" 1*lo2a"1 >=,>> *"'"'a" !*&a3a" O-6 a!a a&2o!ilat a&*"a *ilii 3ita !*&a3a" ya"1 3a"a"1 %a" !a"1at l*2a&#

DLIII# B*&1*!*&"ya 2ila"1a" 1*lo2a"1 (* a"a") vi2&a!i 1'1'! a&2o"il CO 3a%a li2ah 2*"4o5'i"o" %i!*2a2a" a&*"a 1'1'! CO t*&o"'1a!i ol*h CC !*hi"11a 2ila"1a" 1*lo2a"1"ya 2*&1*!*& * ya"1 l*2ih &*"%ah (Pavia %# >@@?)

DLI#

DL# Obat dan $imba% HUM

'Urea)

DLI# 6a!il a"ali!a !3*t&o!o3i i"/&a*&ah %ala o2at %a" li2ah 6UM ('&*a) *"'"'a" 3a%a o2at %a" li2ah 6UM ('&*a) t*&%a3at vi2&a!i N-6 ai"a 3&i*&, 1'1'! CO, 1'1'! C-N#

DLII# Tabe$ *. Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah o2at 6UM 3*"%*&ita io DLIII# Bila"1a " 1*lo2 a"1 DLI#  DL# DLI# Ti3 * vi2& a!i DLII# P' DLIII# Lit*&a DLI# DLII# < DLIII# @@ DLI# N DL#A i"a %a" ai %a 3&i *& (s$r e$'h ing) DLII# <@@ DLIII# O DLI# A !a a& 2o !ilat DLI# <@@ DLII# O DLIII# A lo holH /*" ol ( %& !ou nde d) DLI# DL# ?=; DLI# ?=;@ DLII# C DLIII# Ai%a DL# ?=:@ DLI# C DLII#I i" a %a" O7i a DLI# ?=;@ DL# C DLI# Ala"a DLII# DLIII# DLI# ?? DC# ?@ DCI# C DCII# A i" a DCI# ?<@@ DC# C DCI# F l'o& i%* DCIII# ?@ DCI# S DC# S'l/ o"* !, !'l/ o"il lo& i%a, !'l/ at, !'l/ a"o ai %a DCI# >:< DCII# >:@ DCIII# C DCI# M*t il C6> %i% '' "1

%*" 1a" ?<< ,;@ DC# DCI# ?@@ DCII# C DCIII# A la" a DC# @@@ DCI# C DCII# A l%*h i%a DCI# <@@ DC# O DCI# A !a a& 2o !ilat DCII# S'2*&  Pavia %# >@@?

DCIII# DCI#

DC# Tabe$ *.13 Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah li2ah 6UM 3*"%*&ita io DCI# Bila "1a" 1*lo2 a"1 DCII#  DCIII# DCI# T i3* vi2& a!i DC# P' DCI# Lit*&a DCI# DC# <> DCI# @@ DCII# N DCIII# Ai"a %a" ai %a 3&i *& (s$r e$'h ing) DC# <@@ DCI# O DCII# A!a a& 2o !ilat DCI# <@@ DCL# O DCLI# A lo holH /*" ol ( %& !ou nde d) DCLII# DCLIII# ?= DCLI# ?=;@ DCL# C DCLI# A i% a DCLIII# ?=:@ DCLI# C DCL# Ii "a %a" O7i a DCLII# ?=;@ DCLIII# C DCLI# A la" a DCL# DCLI# DCLII# ?? DCLIII# ?@ DCLI# C DCL#A i"a DCLII# ?<@@ DCLIII# C DCLI# F l'o& i%* DCLI# ?@ DCLII# S DCLIII# S'l/o"*!, !'l/ o"il lo& i%a, !'l/ at, !'l/ a"o ai %a DCLI# DCL# DCLI# >:> DCLII# >:@ DCLIII# C DCLI# M*til C6> %i% '' "1 %*" 1a" ?<< ,;@ DCLI# ?@@ DCLII# C DCLIII# Ala"a DCL# @@@ DCLI# C DCLII# Al%*hi%a

DCLI# <@@ DCL# O DCLI# A!a a& 2o !ilat DCLII# S'2*&  Pavia %#

>@@? DCLIII# D(L444I4.

DCC# Tabe$ *.11 Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah o2at 6UM 3a!i*" "o&al

DCCI# Bil a"1a" 1*lo2 a"1 DCCII# *" DCCIII# DCCI# Ti3* vi2 &a! i DCC# P'" DCCI# Lit*& DCCI# >@ DCC# ><@@ DCCI# O-DCCII#A! a a& 2o !i lat DCCI# ?@@ DCC# N-DCCI# Ai"a %a " a i%a 3&i * & %a " !* ' "% *& (&* 1a "1 a"H s$r e$' h) DCCII# DCCIII# DCCI# DCC#

>?= >?@@ CJ Al'"a DCCII# ?:<@ DCCIII#  DCCI# All*"a, *t *" a, i!o !ia "at , i!o tio !i" at DCC# DCCI# ?=@ DCCII# ?=@@ DCCIII# C DCCI# Al*"a DCCI# ?=@ DCCII# C DCCIII# Ai%a DCC# ?@ DCCI# N-DCCII# Ai"a %a " a i%a 3&i * & %a " !* ' "% *& (2* "1 o a "H !e nd ) DCCIII# DCCI# DCCII# ?@@@ DCCIII# C-DCCI# Alohol,

DCC# DCCI# ??= *t* &, *!t *&, a!a  a& 2o !i lat, a" hi% &i% a DCCI# ?@@@ DCCII# C-DCCIII# Ai"a DCCL# ??<@ DCCLI# S DCCLII# S'l/o", !'l /o "il lo &i% a, !'l /at , !'l /o "a i %* DCCLI# ?@@@ DCCL# C-DCCLI# Fl'o&i" DCCLII# DCCLIII# DCCLI# <= DCCL# =@ DCCLI# C-DCCLII# Al*"a (2* "1 o a " *l 'a& 2i% a" 1) DCCLI# =:@ DCCL# C-DCCLI# A&oati (2* "1 o a " *l 'a& 2i% a" 1) DCCLIII# <@ DCCLI# C-DCCL# Klo&i" DCCLI# DCCLII#

DCCLIII# Tabe$ *.12 Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah li2ah 6UM 3a!i*" "o&al DCCLI# Bila"1a" 1*lo2 a"1 DCCL# *" DCCLI# Ti3* vi 2& a! i DCCLII# P'" DCCLIII# Lit*& DCCLI# DCCLII# DCCLIII# >> DCCLI# >@@ DCCL# O-DCCLI# Alohol, /* "o l (2 *&i a ta " 6 H  %  &! o u n de

d) DCCLIII# ><@@ DCCLI# O-DCCL# A!a a &2 o !il at DCCLII# ?@@ DCCLIII# N-DCCLI# Ai"a %a " a i %a 3& i *& %a " !* ' "% *& (& *1 a" 1a " H s$  re $' h) DCCL# DCCLI# >? DCCLII# >?@@ DCCLIII# CJ DCCLI# Al'"a DCCCI# ?:<@ DCCCII#  DCCCIII# All*"a, * t* "a , i! o! ia "a t, i! oti o! ia "a t DCCCI# DCCC# ?=? DCCCI# ?=@@ DCCCII# C DCCCIII# Al*"a DCCC# ?@ DCCCI# N-DCCCII# Ai"a %a " a i %a 3& i *& %a " !* ' "% *& (2 *" 1 o a" H !e n d) DCCCI# DCCC# DCCCI# DCCCII# ??: DCCCIII# ?@@@ DCCCI# C-DCCC# Alohol, *t *&, *! t*& , a! a 

a &2 o !il at, a" hi %& i% a DCCCII# ?@@@ DCCCIII# C-DCCCI# Ai"a DCCCI# ??<@ DCCCII# S DCCCIII# S'l/o", !' l/ o" il l o& i% a, !' l/a t, !' l/ o" a i %* DCCC# ?@@@ DCCCI# C-DCCCII# Fl'o&i" DCCCIII# DCCCI# DCCC# >, DCCCI# =@ DCCCII# C-DCCCIII# Al*"a (2 *" 1 o a" * l' a& 2i %a "1 H o u$  of   "# a ne !e n d) DCCC# =:@ DCCCI# C-DCCCII# A&oati (2 *" 1 o a" * l' a& 2i %a "1 H o u$  of   "# a ne !e n d) DCCCI# <@ DCCC# C-DCCCI# Klo&i" DCCCII# DCCCIII# i2&a!i N-6 '"t' o2at %a" li2ah 6UM ('&*a) 3*"%*&ita io (ta2*l <#: a" <#?@) *&'3aa" vi2&a!i N-6 ai"a 3&i*& a&*"a ai"a 3&i*& *ilii .i&i-.i&i %'a 3ita (3'".a) !*&a3a" %a" 2*&a%a 3a%a %a*&ah 2ila"1a" 1*lo2a"1 @@  @@ .-?

 (Pavia %# >@@?) DCCCI#

DCCCL# Obat dan $imba% k#"i

DCCCLI# 6a!il !3*t&o!o3i i"/&a*&ah 3a%a o2at %a" li2ah o3i *"'"'a" 1'1'! /'"1!i CO, 1'1'! CN, %a" 1'1'! C-N#

DCCCLII# Tabe$ *.1+ Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah o2at o3i 3*"%*&ita io DCCCLIII# Bila"1a" 1*lo2a "1 DCCCLI#  DCCCL# Ti3* vi2& a!i DCCCLI# P'" DCCCLII# Lit*&a DCCCL# ; DCCCLI# <@@ DCCCLII# O DCCCLIII# A!a a& 2o !ila t DCCCL# <@@ DCCCLI# O DCCCLII# Al.oholH/* "ol ( %& !ou nde d) DCCCLI# @@ DCCCL# C DCCCLI# Ai"a %a" ai %a 3&i *& DCCCLII# DCCCLIII# DCCCLI# DCCCL# ?=< DCCCLI# ?> DCCCLII# C DCCCLIII# K*to" DCCCL# ?=:@ DCCCLI# C DCCCLII# Ii"a %a" o7i a DCCCLI# ?=<@ DCCCL# N DCCCLI# Ai"a %a" ai %a 3&i *& (!e nd) DCCCLIII# ?=;@ DCCCLI# C DCCCL# Ai%a DCCCLII# ?=;@ DCCCLIII# C DCCCLI# Al*"a DCCCL# >:< DCCCLI# >:@ DCCCLII# C DCCCLIII# M*til C6> DCCCC# @@@ DCCCCI# C DCCCCII# Al.ohol, *!t* &, *t*& , a!a  a& 2o !ila t DCCCCIII# ?> DCCCCI# ?@ DCCCC# C DCCCCI# Ai"a DCCCCIII# ?@@ DCCCCI# C CM# Al. oho l, *!t* &, *t*& , a!a  a& 2o !ila t, a"h i%&i % CMI# S'2*&  Pavia %# >@@?

CMII#

CMIII#Tabe$ *.1* Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah li2ah o3i 3*"%*&ita io

CMI# CM# Bila"1a " 1*lo2a "1 CMI#  CMII# T i3* vi2& a!i CMIII# P'" CMI# Lit*&a CMII# << CMIII# <@@ CMI# O CM# A !a a& 2o !ila t CMII# <@@ CMIII# O CMI# A l.o holH /*" ol ( %& !ou nde d) CMI# @@ CMII# C CMIII# A i" a %a" ai %a 3&i *& CMI# CM# CMI# CMII# ?= CMIII# ?> CMI# C CM# K *to " CMII# ?=:@ CMIII# C CMI# Ii"a %a" o7i a CMI# ?=<@ CMII# N CMIII# Ai"a %a" ai %a 3&i *& (!e nd) CML# CMLI#CMLII# A ?=;@ C i% a CMLI# ?=;@ CML# C CMLI# A l* "a CMLII# >:> CMLIII# >:@ CMLI# C CML# M*t il C6 > CMLII# @@@ CMLIII# C CMLI# A l.o hol, *!t* &, *t*& , a!a  a& 2o !ila t CML# ?> CMLI# ?@ CMLII# C CMLIII# A i" a CML# ?@@ CMLI# C CMLII# A l.o hol, *!t* &, *t*& , a!a  a& 2o !ila t, a"h i%&i % CMLIII#

CMLI# Tabe$ *.1* Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah o2at o3i 3a!i*" "o&al CML# Bil a"1a" 1*lo2 CMLI# *" CMLII# Ti3* vi

a"1 2& a!i CMLIII# P'" CMLI# Lit*& CMLII# CMLIII# CMLI# >@ CML# >@@ CMLI# O-CMLII# Alohol, /* "o l (2 *&i at a" 6H  %& !o un de d) CMLI# ><@@ CML# O-CMLI# A!a a &2 o !il at CMLIII# ?@@ CMLI# N-CML# Ai"a %a " a i%a 3&i * & %a " !* ' "% *& (&* 1a "1 a" H s$r e$  'h ) CMLI# CMLII# >?< CMLIII# >?@@ CMLI# CJ CMC# Al'"a CMCII# ?:<@ CMCIII#  CMCI# All*"a, *t *" a, i!o !ia "at , i!o tio !i" at CMC# CMCI# ?=< CMCII# ?=@@ CMCIII# C CMCI# Al*"a MI# ?=@ MII# C MIII# A i %a M# ?=<@ MI# C MII# I i"a %a " o7 i a MIII# MI# M# MI# ?> MII# ?@@@ MIII# C-MI# Al o ho l, *t* &, *!t *&, a! a

a &2 o !il at, a" hi %&i %a MI# ?@@@ MII# C-MIII# Ai"a

M# ??<@ MI# S MII# S'l/o", !'l /o "il l o&i %a, !'l /at , !'l /o "a i %* MI# ?@@@ M# C-MI# Flo&i" MII# MIII# MI# = M# =@ MI# C-MII# Al*"a (2 *" 1 o a" *l 'a & 2i %a "1 H ou $&o f&" #a ne !e nd ) MI# =:@ M# C-MI# A&oati (2 *" 1 o a" *l 'a & 2i %a "1 H MII# ou$&of&"#a ne !e nd ) MI# <@ ML# C-MLI# Kl o&i " MLII#

MLIII# Tabe$ *.1 Data 3'".a !*&a3a" i"/&a*&ah li2ah o3i 3a!i*" "o&al

MLI# Bil a"1a" 1*lo2 a"1 ML# *" MLI# Ti3* vi 2& a!i MLII# P'" MLIII# Lit*& MLI# MLII# >? MLIII# >@@ MLI# O-ML# Al o ho l, /* "o l (2 *&i at a" 6H  %& !o un

de d) MLII# ><@@ MLIII# O-MLI# A! a a &2 o !il at MLI# ?@@ MLII# N-MLIII# Ai"a %a " a i%a 3&i * & %a " !* ' "% *& (&* 1a "1 a" H s$r e$  'h ) MLI# ML# >? MLI# >?@@ MLII# CJ MLIII# Al'"a ML# ?:<@ MLI#  MLII# All*"a, *t *" a, i!o !ia "at , i!o tio !i" at MLIII# MLI# ?= ML# ?=@@ MLI# C MLII# Al*"a MLI# ?=@ ML# C MLI# Ai%a MLIII# ?@ MLI# N-ML# Ai"a %a " a i%a 3&i * & %a " !* ' "% *& (2 *" 1 o a" H !e nd ) MLI# MLII# MLIII# MLI# ?> MC# ?@@@ MCI# C-MCII# Alohol, *t* &, *!t *&, a! a a &2 o

!il at, a" hi %&i %a MCI# ?@@@ MC# C-MCI# Ai"a

MCIII# ??<@ MCI# S MC# S' l/o ", !'l /o "il l o&i %a, !'l /at , !'l /o "a i %* MCII# ?@@@ MCIII# C-MCI# Fl o&i " MC# MCI# MCII# <: MCIII# =@ MCI# C-MC# Al * "a (2 *" 1 o a" *l 'a & 2i %a "1 H ou $&o f&" #a ne !e nd ) MCII# =:@ MCIII# C-MCI# A&oati (2 *" 1 o a" *l 'a & 2i %a "1 H MC# ou$&of&"#a ne !e nd ) MCII# <@ MCIII# C-MCI# Klo&i" MC#

MCI#B*&1*!*&"ya 2ila"1a" 1*lo2a"1 (* a"a") vi2&a!i 1'1'! a&2o"il CO 3a%a o2at o3i 3*"%*&ita io %i!*2a2a" a&*"a 1'1'! CO t*&o"'1a!i ol*h CC !*hi"11a 2ila"1a" 1*lo2a"1"ya 2*&1*!*& * ya"1 l*2ih &*"%ah (Pavia %# >@@?)

MCII#

M(44III.

MCI# SIMPULAN

MC# 6a!il 3*"*litia" ya"1 %i%a3ata" %a3at %i!i3'la" 2ah+a ha!il i%*"ti/ia!i 1'1'! /'"1!i 3a%a o2at %a" li2ah 2al'& 3*"%*&ita io %a" 3a!i*" "o&al t*&%a3at 3*&!aaa" a"%'"1a" 1'1'! /'"1!i ya"1 t*&%a3at 3a%a o2at %a" li2ah 2al'&# S*hi"11a 2*l' %a3at %it*"t'a" 1'1'! /'"1!i ya"1 2*&3*&a" %ala *"y*2'ha" io a&*"a ti%a t*&%a3at 3*&2*%aa" 1'1'! /'"1!i 3a%a o2at a'3'" li2ah 3*"%*&ita io %a" 3a!i*" "o&al# Na'" ha!il FT-IR '"t' 3*"%*&ita io *"'"'a" t*&a%i"ya 3*&1*!*&a" 2ila"1a" 1*lo2a"1 ya"1 2*l' %a3at %ia"ali!a#

MCI#

MCII# DA5TA6 PUSTA7A

MCIII# A"o"yo'!# >@@=# SG Co"v*&a!io" %ia!*! ta"11al >@ M*i >@?<

MCI# A"o"yo'!# >@@# SG Co"v*&a!!io" %ia!*! ta"11al >@ M*i >@?<

MC# A1'!tia"i D*+i, A"%i"a# >@@:# P*"*"t'a" St&'t'& K&i!tal Li2ah Bal'& D*"1a" T*"i Di/&a!i Si"a&- S&i3!i MCI# A"a, Choi&'l# Si&o'%i" %#

A3&il >@@# A"ali!i! G'1'! F'"1!i Pa%a Sa3*l Ui, B*"!i" Da" S3i&it'! M*"11'"aa" M*to%* S3*t&o!o3i FT-IR# Ber(a#a Fisi(a# ol ?@ "o#?# :   ;

MCII# B*"# Mill!# >@@=# St&'.t'&al Fo&'la o/ U&*a

MCIII# B&a%y E# a*!# #  imia )ni*ersi$as +sas an S$ru($ur -i#id 1# Ta"1*&a"1 Bi"a&'3a A!a&a P'2li!h*& MCI# B&i%1*" K# %a" St&i"1*&# >@@@#

Ao"ia a"% U&*a P&o%'.tio"

MC# Cha"1, Rayo"%# >@?@# Ch*i!t&y E%itio" ?@th

# M. G&a+ 6ill N*+ o&

MCI# Ch'!"'l# >@??# S3*t&o!o3i IR# +++# S.&i2%#.o %ia!*! ta"11al > D*!*2*& >@?

MCII# Da"i*l# Sal*h, Chai&'l Da" 6a"*l, S''%i# Oto2*& >@??# Si"t*!i! >-6i%&o!i-N-F*"il-B*"4*"a M*lal'i E!t*&i/ia!i A!a Sali!ilat Dila"'ta" P&o!*! Ai%a!i D*"1a" F*"ilai"a#

MCIII# I!ah# D'&ai%ah, A"i %# A3&il >@@:# P*"%*ata" R*1&*!i K'a%&at T*&*.il Pa&tial Ro2'!t Dala Mo%*l Kali2&a!i#  Forum S$a$is$i(a dan  om"u$asi# ol ?< "o#?# <  <?

MCI# K'&"ia!a&i, T&i# >@?@# Ka&at*&i!ti Mioa Ut*&i Di RSUD D&# Mo*+a&%i S'&aa&ta P*&io%* a"'a&i >@@:   a"'a&i >@?@ Si3!i

MCL# Ma'1ha", R# G&i//i" # >@@# Ca//*i" i"1*!tio" a"% Fl'i% Bala".* a R*vi*+#  6'a" N't&itio" Di*t*ti.! ol ?= <??->

MCLI# Miya"o S# %#?::=# P&*3a&atio"a"% Pha&alo1i.al Eval'atio" o/ (?,< B*"4o5'i"o"->-<) -?,>,,<-t*t&ahy%&o"a 3htal*"*! a! 3ot*"t .*&*2&al 3&ot*.tiv* a1*"t!# ol << "o#?# ?>-;

MCLII# Mo"&'+# >@?# Mo"&'+#+o&%3&*!!#.o

MCLIII# N'1&oho, $ahy' D+i# >@??# St'%i tt&i' S*2a1ai Katali! Pa%a R*a!i M*ta"oli!i! U&*a M*2*"t' M*til Ka&2aat# S&i3!i

MCLI# Pavia L# Do"al%, La3a" M# Ga&y, K&i4 S# G*o&1*# >@@?# In$rodu'$ion $o S"e'$ros'o"y, $hird edi$ion# A'!t&alia Tho!o" L*a&"i"1, I".

MCL# P'&"oo, E%i S&i# >@?@# P*2'ata" A&a"1 Ati/ Da&i K'lit Bii Ko3i Da" A3lia!i"ya S*2a1ai A%!o&2*" at $a&"a M*thyl*"* Bl'* (Katio") Da" Na3htol *llo+ A"io"# S&i3!i

MCLI# P&ati+i, Lili!# S'3a&a", E%%y %# Ma&*t >@?# 6'2'"1a" U!ia R*3&o%'!i D*"1a" K*a%ia" Mioa Ut*&i Di RSUP# P&o/# DR# R#D# Ka"%o' Ma"a%o# -urna# e&#ini /e## ol ? "o#?# >= - @

MCLII# S'!*"o E# atio, Fi&%a'!i SK# a"'a&i >@@;# Ra".a"1 Ba"1'" S3*t&o!o3i FT-IR ( Fourier Transform  Infrared) U"t' P*"*"t'a" K'alita! S'!'

Sa3i# Ber(a#a Fisi(a# ol ?? "o#?# >  >; MCLIII# Sya&i/, Ai&# >@@# Fa&aolo1i

Da" T*&a3i# D*3a&t**" Fa&aolo1i %a" T&a3*ti aa&ta

MCLI# $a.hi%ah, Qo"ita# A%itiyo"o %# S*3t*2*& >@??# 6'2'"1a" 6i3*&3la!ia E"%o*t&i' D*"1a" Mioa Ut*&i St'%i Ka!'! Pa%a Pa!i*" Gi"*olo1i RSUD P&o/# D&# Ma&1o"o So*a&%o P'&+o*&to#  Manda#a f %ea#$h# ol  "o#

MCL# a"'a&i*ta, Di*"a# >@@:# St'%i Ko3o!i!i Li2ah 6a!il P&o!*! T*&a3i P*2al'&a" D*"1a" A"ali!i! P'".a S3*t&' I"/&a*&ah S&i3!i

MCLI# MCLII#