THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL KNOWLEDGE MODERATION ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FACTORS AFFECTING ELECTRIC CAR PURCHASE INTENTION

(1)

By

Andre Dwithama Pribadi 12108058

BACHELOR’S DEGREE in

BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION –

INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS AND MARKETING CONCENTRATION FACULTY OF BUSINESS AND COMMUNICATION

SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY The Prominence Tower

Jalan Jalur Sutera Barat No. 15, Alam Sutera Tangerang, Banten 15143 - Indonesia Revision after Thesis Defense on 19 January 2023

(2)

STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR

I hereby declare that this submission is my own work and to the best of my knowledge, it contains no material previously published or written by another person, nor material which to a substantial extent has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma at any educational institution, except where due acknowledgement is made in the thesis.

Andre Dwithama Pribadi

_____________________________________________

Student

02/01/2023 Date

Approved by:

Mochammad Riyadh Rizky Adam, S.T., M.S.M.

_____________________________________________

Thesis Advisor

02/01/2023 Date

Dr. Ir. Yosman Bustama, M.Buss.

_____________________________________________

Dean

02/01/2023 Date Dwithamaaaaaaaa Pribabababbababababaadid

_____________________________________ ________ _______________ ____________ ____ 02 D d by:

mad Riyadh Rizky Adam, S.T., M.S.M.

(3)

THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL KNOWLEDGE

MODERATION ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FACTORS AFFECTING ELECTRIC CAR PURCHASE INTENTION

By

Andre Dwithama Pribadi

Mochammad Riyadh Rizky Adam, S.T., M.S.M., Advisor

SWISS GERMAN UNIVERSITY

Electric vehicle (EV) is one of the newest innovations in the field of transportation, with developments in battery and engine efficiency. However, research on electric cars in Indonesia is still minimal, even though it is proven that electric cars are the best choice for driving that do not have as damaging an impact as conventional cars.

This research focuses on the intention to buy electric cars in Indonesia, the purpose of this research is to find out whether a person's environmental knowledge has a moderating effect on the relationship between the factors that influence the intention to buy an electric car and the intention to buy an electric car. The data collected will be processed using SEM-PLS. This study found that the moderating effect of the environmental knowledge variable on the relationship between perceived green value and the intention to buy an electric car. Research finds that the higher the environmental knowledge, the stronger the relationship between perceived green value and one's intention to buy an electric car.

Mochammad Riyadh Rizky Adam, S.T., M.S.M., Adviso SW

SW SW

SWISISISISSSSS GEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEGEG RMRMRMRRRRRMRMRMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMANANAAANANANANANANNNNNNNNNNNNNNNUUUUNINININIVEVVV RSITYYYYYY

vehicle (EVEVEVVVVVV) i) i) i) i) i) i)) is os os os os os ooone ooofoooooo thheeee neeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee ewwweseseseseeseseseseeesesesesesesssssssssst it ittttttttttttttttttt nnn ovovvvvvvvaaaataaaaaions innnnnnn the ffffffield of velopmmmmmmmmmene ts in batterrrrryyyy ayyyy aaaaaaaaaandndndnnnnnnnnndnnnnnnn engine effficiennnnnnncy. Howwevevvvvvvvver, resea Indonesia is still minimal,, even thoughggggggggggggggggg it is prppppppppp oven that elec

ice fooooooooooooooooooor dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr dr ddddririrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrvivivvvvivivivvvvivivvvvvvvvvvvvvngngngngngnngngngngngngngngngngngngngngggggththththththththtthtththththtthtththththathhhatatatatataaaaattttt doddododdododdododdddooo nononononononononononnnoot ht htt ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht ht httthavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavavvveeee ae aeee aeeeeeeeee s ds ds ds ds ds ds dss dddddddddddddamamamaamamamaamamamamamaaamamaamamaaaammmagagagaagagagagagagagagagagagagagagagggininiininininininiiiiiiiing agg ag ag ag agggg ag agaaaaaaaaaan in in inn in in innn in innnnnnnn immmmpmpmpmmmpmppppacaaaaaa t as con earch focuses on the intention to buy electric cars in Indonesia earch is to find out whether a person's environmental kn

(4)

©

©CoCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC pyriiiiiiiiiiiiiiiighghghghghghgghghghghggggghghghhht 2000000002323232322232322322222 b

by by by b b b

b AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAndn re DDwiiiiithhhama PPPPPrPPP ibadadi All

Al Al Al Al Al Al Al Al Al A A A Al A Al

Alllllllllllllllllll lllllllllllllllriririririririrrirriririrririghgghgghgghtststsrrreseseserererveveveveeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeedddddd

(5)

DEDICATION

I dedicated this work to all the people who have helped me along the way.

(6)

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I have found that this is one of the most challenging things I have to do.

(7)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

STATEMENT BY THE AUTHOR 2

ABSTRACT 3

DEDICATION 5

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 6

TABLE OF CONTENT 7

LIST OF FIGURES 9

LIST OF TABLES 10

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 11

1.1 Backgrounds 12

1.2 Research Problems 14

1.3 Research Objectives 15

1.4 Research Benefits 18

1.6 Writing Systematics 19

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 21

2.1 Theory of Planned Behavior 21

2.1.1 Consumer Attitudes 21

2. 1.2 Perceived Behavioral Control 21

2. 1.3 Subjective Norm 22

2. 2 Environmental Performance 22

2. 3 Price Value 23

2. 4 Perceived Green Value 24

2. 5 Government Incentive Policy 24

2. 6 EnvironmentalKnowledge 25

2. 7 Intention to buy an electric vehicle 26

CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 27

F TABLES

ER I: INTRODUCTION ackgroundndndndndndndndddss

esearchPPPPPProblblblblblllems esearch OOOOOOOOObjbjbjbjbjbjbjbjece tives esearch BBBBBBenenenenenenefefefefefefititititititssssss

riting SySSySSSySSS stematicicccsssssss

ER IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIILLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLITITITITITITIITITITITITITITITITITITITITIITITEREREREEEEREREREREREREEREREEREREREREREREREREEEERATRRATATATATAATATATATATATATAATATAATATAATATATAATATATATAATTURURURURURURURURURURURURURURUURURURURURE RRRRRREEEEEEEE EEEEEEE RERERRERERERERERERERERERERERERERRERERREEEEEVIVIVIVVVIVVVIVIVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV EWEWEWEWEWEWEWEWEWEWEWEWEWEWEWEWEWEWEWEWEEWEWEWEWEWWWWW heory offfff ffffffPlPlPlPPPlPlPPPPlannedddddddddd ddddddBeBBBBBBBB hhhhahhhhh viiiiiiiiiiiior

Consumer Attitudes

Perceived Behavioral Control

(8)

3.6 Time and Location of Research 37

3.7 Data Analysis Methods 37

CHAPTER IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 42

4.2 Pre-test Validity and Reliability Results 42

4.2.1 Validity Test Results 42

4.2.2 Reliability Test Results 44

4.3 Descriptive Statistics 45

4. 3.1 Respondent Profile 56

4.3 Outer Model Analysis 58

Figure 4. 1 SmartPLS Outer Loading Results 59

4.3.1 Internal Reliability Analysis and Convergent Validity 59

4.4 Structural Model Analysis 65

Figure 4. 2 SmartPLS T-Statistics Results 66

4.5 Hypothesis Testing 69

CHAPTER V RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS 77

5.1 Conclusion 77

5.2 Managerial Implications 78

5.3 Limitations of Research & Suggestions for Further Research 79

GlOSSARY 107

REFERENCE 111

CURRICULUM VITAE 112 Internal Reliability Analysis and Convergent Validity

ructural Model Analysis

e 4. 2 SmararararrrrrrtPtPtPtPtPtPtPPLSLSLSLSTTTT-StSSSttatatititititiststittiicicics s s s s ss s RRReRReReReReReResussultltltltltltssttttttt ypothesiiisisiiii Tesessssssstititittittingngngngng

ER V REEEEEEEECOCOMMMMENENENENENENENNNDDDDADADDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDD TIIOOOOOONOOOOOOOOOOOOO S AANANANANANAAAAAAAAAA DDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDDCOCCCCCCC NNNNCLUSIOOOONS onclusion

anageriririririririririala Implicationonnnnnnss

mitationoooooooo s ssofooooo RReseeesssssseaaaarcrccccch &&&&&SuSuSuSugggggggggggggggggggggggesggggggeesesestitttttonooo ssssssfooooor Fuuuuuuurtttttheer r Reeesesesessearaaaaa ch ARY

ENCE

CULUM VITAE

(9)

LIST OF FIGURES

Figures Page

Figure 3.1 Xu et al. (2019) 13

Figure 3. 2 Hamza & Tanwir (2021) 14

Figure 3. 3 Author's Research Model 16

Figure 4. 1 Results of Outer Loading SmartPLS 46

Figure 4. 2 SmartPLS T-Statistics Results. 2 SmartPLS T-Statistics Results 53

(10)

LIST OF TABLES

Table Page

Table 4. 1 Pre-test Validity Test Results 30

Table 4. 2 Pre-test Reliability Test Results 31

Table 4. 3 Descriptive Statistics 32

Table 4. 4 Descriptive Statistics of the Attitude Construct 33 Table 4. 5 Descriptive Statistics of the Perceived Behavioral Control Construct 34 Table 4. 6 Subjective Norm Construct Descriptive Statistics 36 Table 4. 7 Distribution of Respondents' Answers on the Environmental Performance

Construct 37

Table 4. 8 Price Value Construct Descriptive Statistics 38 Table 4. 9 Descriptive Statistics of the Perceived Green Value Construct 38 Table 4. 10 Government Incentives Policy Construct Descriptive Statistics 39 Table 4. 11 Descriptive Statistics of the Environmental Knowledge Construct 40 Table 4. 12 Descriptive Statistics of the Purchase Intention of BEV Construct 41

Table 4. 13 Respondent Profiles 43

Table 4. 14 Results of Convergent Internal Reliability and Validity Analysis 47 Table 4. 15 Results of Cronbach's Alpha, Composite Reliability, and AVE 49

Table 4. 16 Results of Cross Loadings 50

Table 4. 17 Results of Cross Loadings of Moderation Variables 51

Table 4. 18 Fornell Larcker Criterion 51 Results

Table 4. 19 Results of HTMT 52

Table 4. 20 Results of Path Coefficient Model 54

Table 4. 21 Coefficient Determination Results 55

j p

7 Distribution of Respondents' Answers on the Environmental ct

8 Price Valalalalalalalaauuuueueuuuu CCCConstruttt cttttDDDDesesesesesesese crcrcrcrcrcrccriiiiiipipi ttitititivei eeeeeeeSSSSttttatitititistssticst

9 Descrrrrrrrriiiipipiiii tiveveSStatatitststiccs s ooooofof the Pererceccecececeiveived GGGreen Valllue CConnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnstststststststststsststsssssssssssssssssttttruc 10 GovvevevevevernmemememememmemeentntntnntntntIIIIIncennnntttitittititttttttttttttttttttvessPPPPPPoPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP licyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyCCCCCCConnnnstruuuct Descrriiptiveee Statis 11 Descriririririririrriptptpppppppive Statatisisisissssstititttttiiiiiiiiiics ooff ffffffffffffffthe EEnEnEnEnEnEnEEnEEEnEEEEEEEEEEE viroonmnmnmnmnmnnnmeeeene tal Knoooowo ledddddge Con 12 Descriptive StStStStStStSttataistiiiiiiiiiiiiiicsccccccccccc of fffffffffffffffffffffththttthtthttthttttttt e Purcrcrcrcrcrcccccccccccchahhhhhhh seeIIIIIIIInntntntntnntentionnnnnnn oof BEBEEEEEEV Con 13 Respspspspspspsss ondent Profilelelelelelelel s

14 ReeeeeeeesussusultltltsssofofofCCCCononononononvnnvvvevv rgent InIIInnnnnnnntetettetetetetetetetttttetetteteteteternrnrrnrnrnrrrrrrrrr alalalalRRRReleleleliaiaiaiabibibibilllililllllililililillllllitytytytytytyyaaaaandndndndndnddVVVVVVVVValidity Ana 15 ReeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesusussusususussusususususususususussssuuuuultlltltltlltltltltltltltltltltllltltltstssssssssssssssssssssssssofofofofofoofofofofofofofofofofoffffffffffCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCrororrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrror nbnbnbnbnbnbnbnbnbnbnbnbnbnnbnbnbnbnbnbnbnbnbnbnbnbbbacacacacacaacacacacaaaaacaacccch'hhh'h'hh'h'hhhh'hhhhhhh's sss ssss ss AlAlAAlAlAAlAlAAAlAlAAAAlAAAAAAAAAphphphphphphphphphphphphphphphphphphphphphphphpphhhha,a,aa,a,aaa,a,a,a,a,a,a,,,,,,CCCCCCCCCComomomomomomomomomomooommmmmmmmmmmmpopopopopopopopopopopopopopopopopopopopopopopopoposioooosisisissisisisisisisisisisisisissisiiteiiiiiitetetttetetettttetetetetetttttttt RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRReleleleleleleleleeleleleleleleleleleleleleleellliaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaiaaaaaaabibibbibbbibibbbbbibibbbibibbibbiiilililililililililililililillilililiiiiiiiitytytyttytytytytytytytytytytytytytytytytytytytytyyyyyy,,,and AV 16 ReeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesusususususususususususususussussusssusultuuuuuultltltltltltltltltltltltltltltltltltltltltltlttttttssssssssssssssssssssssofofofofofofofofofofofofofoffffffffffCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCrorrrrrrororororrrorrorrroooossssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssssLLLLLLLLLLLoaoaooaoaoaoaoaoaoaoaoaoaoaooaaaaadidididididididididididididididingiiiiiiiiiiingngngngnngngngngngngnngngngngngsssssssssssssssssssssss

17 Results of Cross Loadings of Moderation Variables 18 Fornell Larcker Criterion

19 Results of HTMT