AN ERROR ANALYSIS IN WRITING RECOUNT TEXT MADE
BY STUDENTS OF 8TH GRADE IN SMP N 1 GATAK
2015/2016 ACADEMIC YEAR
RESEARCH PAPER
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education
in English Department
by:
EGA NOVIA SARI
A320120066
SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION
MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA
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MOTTO
“Inna ma‟a al‟usri yusraan” “Indeed with hardship (wil be) ease”
(QS. Al Insyirah : 6)
“The difference between ordinary and extraordinary is that little extra”
(Jimmy Johnson)
“The purpose of life is a life ofpurpose”
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DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
My beloved parents Sutoyo and Purwanti,
My older sister Suharti Marlitasari,
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RECOUNT TEXT MADE BY STUDENTS OF 8TH GRADE IN SMP N 1 GATAK
2015/2016 ACADEMIC YEAR. In the process of finishing this research paper, the
writer got some helps from many people when she faced some problems and
obstacles. In this occasion, the writer would like to express her deepest gratitude for
the guidance, supports, and also constructive criticism to the following people:
1. Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M.Hum., Dean of School of Teacher Training
and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Mauly Halwat Hikmat, Ph.D., Head of English Departement Muhammadiyah
University of Surakarta.
3. Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M.Hum., the first consultant who has patiently guided
the writer in the process of finishing this research paper, and also for her advices
and best suggestions.
4. Nur Hidayat, M.Pd., the second consultant who has patiently for correcting and
encouraging her from the beginning until finishing this research paper.
5. Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M.Hum., as the academic consultant for her guidance and
her help as long as the writer studied in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
6. All lecturers of English Department who had given their knowledge and advices
for the writer.
7. Her adorable parents Sutoyo and Purwanti for their pray, love, advice, and
support that motivate the writer to finish this research paper.
8. Her beloved older sister Suharti Marlitasari and her younger brother Aziz
Pungky Arista for their spirit and pray.
9. Her little nephew Azka Gavriel Ramaditya who makes the writer happy when
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10. Her dearest one who always gives pray, motivation, and spirit for the writer
during the process of finishing this research paper. Thank you, dear!
11. Her amazing friends Sagitha Litany Demastuti, Sri Liyaningsih, Intan Dwi
Gabetta Siahaan, Mufti Istiqomah, and Kholeeyoh Mali who always support,
help, motivate, and pray for each other. Thanks a lot for every moment that we
had been created, Glimmers!
12. Her new family at Kost Bu Cipto, especially Suyamto and Sumiati as her second
parents in Solo, and her friends Maulida, Ratri, Munawaroh, Umy, Wahyu,
Dyah, Irma, and Lupita who always make the writer happy when she got far
away from her family. Keep being family, guys!
13. Her lovely friends Beti Eka Aprilia, Syarofania Nuranti, Ihdania Aryanti, Aulia
Trisna Ningsih, Wuri Mulyandari, Elok Niswatul Fauziyah, and Dwi Kurniawati
Pujiana who always give support and pray for the writer. Thank you so much for
our togetherness, girls!
14. All of students and teachers in SMP N 1 Gatak who help the writer to finish this
research paper. Thank you so much for your help and participation!
15. All of her friends in English Department 2012. Nice to meet you all, friends!
All who cannot mention one by one who had help, pray, and support the
writer during the process until finishing this research paper. Thank you for all!
The writer realized that this research paper is still far away from perfectness. So
that, the writer needs constructive criticism and suggestion for making this
research paper be better than before. The writer hopes that this research paper
can be useful and give contribution to the other researchers.
Wassalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh
Surakarta, 30 April 2016
The researcher
Ega Novia Sari
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LIST OF TABLE
2.1. Differences between previous study and the current ... 10
4.1. Frequency of Error ... 50
4.2. Similarities between the previous finding and the current ... 58
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LIST OF APPENDIXES
APPENDIX 1. Real Composition
APPENDIX 2. The Types of Error
xi SUMMARY
Sari, Ega Novia. A320120066. AN ERROR ANALYSIS IN WRITING RECOUNT TEXT MADE BY STUDENTS OF 8TH GRADE IN SMP N 1 GATAK 2015/2016 ACADEMIC YEAR. Research paper. Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. 2016.
The aims of this research are: (1) to identify the types of errors in writing recount text made by students of 8th grade in SMP N 1 Gatak 2015/2016 academic year, (2) to identify the types of morphological errors, syntactical errors, and discourse errors, and also count the frequency of each types of errors, (3) to describe the sources of errors. The type of this research is descriptive qualitative research. In collecting data, the researcher uses elicitation technique. There are three steps to collect the data, namely: (1) firstly, the researcher entered the classroom and asks the students to write their own recount text, (2) secondly, the researcher collected the students‟ works, then reads and analyzes the data by marking the types of errors which occur in the students‟ writing, (3) lastly, the researcher documented the data of error then classifies them based on linguistic category and surface strategy. In analyzing the data, the researcher uses the theory of James for classifying the errors, and uses Brown‟s theory for sources of the errors.
The result of this research shows that in morphological error, there are 67 errors or 33.17% of errors which is classified into three errors, namely: false friend (23 errors or 11.39% of errors), wrong spelling (36 errors or 17.82% of errors), and code mixing (8 errors or 3.96% of errors). Then in syntactical error, the researcher found 132 errors or 65.35% of errors, consist of omission of be as predicate (7 errors or 3.47% of errors), addition of be as predicate (5 errors or 2.48% of errors), misuse of be as predicate (18 errors or 8.91% of errors), omission of preposition (8 errors or 3.96% of errors), addition of preposition (10 errors or 4.95% of errors), omission of article (5 errors or 2.48% of errors), addition of article (4 errors or 1.98% of errors), omission of subject pronoun (5 errors or 2.48% of errors), omission of –s/-es in plural marker (13 errors or 6.44% of errors), omission of „s in possessive pronoun (4 errors or 1.98% of errors),omission of verb (4 errors or 1.98% of errors), addition of verb (5 errors or 2.48% of errors), misuse of verb (30 errors or 14,85% of errors), omission of possessive adjective (7 errors or 3.47% of errors), and misordering of noun phrase (7 errors or 3.47% of errors). Lastly, in discourse errors, the researcher found 3 errors or 1.49% of errors in general structure. Those errors are divided into two sources, namely interlingual transfer and intralingual transfer.
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RINGKASAN
Sari, Ega Novia. A320120066. ANALISIS KESALAHAN DALAM MENULIS TEKS RECOUNT OLEH SISWA KELAS 8 DI SMP N 1 GATAK TAHUN AJARAN 2015/2016. Skripsi. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. 2016.
Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis error dalam menulis teks recount yang dibuat oleh siswa kelas 8 di SMP N 1 Gatak tahun ajaran 2015/2016, (2) mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis error morfologi, error sintaksis, dan error discourse, serta menghitung frekwensi masing-masing jenis error, (3) mendeskripsikan sumber-sumber error. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Dalam mengumpulkan data, peneliti menggunakan tekhnik elisitasi. Ada tiga langkah untuk mengumpulkan data, yaitu: (1) pertama, peneliti masuk kelas dan meminta siswa untuk menulis teks recount mereka, (2) kedua, peneliti mengumpulkan pekerjaan siswa, kemudian membaca dan menganalisis data dengan menandai jenis-jenis error yang terdapat pada pekerjaan siswa, (3) terakhir, peneliti mendokumentasikan data kemudian mengklasifikasikan berdsarkan linguistic category dan surface strategy. Dalam menganalisis data, peneliti menggunakan teori dari James untuk mengklasifikasikan error, dan menggunakan teori dari Brown untuk sumber-sumber error.
Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pada error morfologi, terdapat 67 error atau 33.17% error yang diklasifikasikan kedalam tiga error, yaitu: false friend (23 error atau 11.39% error), wrong spelling (36 error atau 17.82% error), dan code
mixing (8 error atau 3.96% error). Kemudian pada error sintaksis, peneliti
menemukan 132 error atau 65.35% error, terdiri dari omission of be as predicate (7 error atau 3.47% error), addition of be as predicate (5 error atau 2.48% error), misuse of be as predicate (18 error atau 8.91% error), omission of preposition (8 error atau 3.96% error), addition of preposition (10 error atau 4.95% error), omission of article (5 error atau 2.48% error), addition of article (4 error atau 1.98% error),
omission of subject pronoun (5 error atau 2.48% error), omission of –s/-es in plural
marker (13 error atau 6.44% error), omission of „s in possessive pronoun (4 error atau1.98% error),omission of verb (4 error atau 1.98% error), addition of verb (5 error atau 2.48% error), misuse of verb (30 error atau 14,85% error), omission of possessive adjective (7 error atau 3.47% error), dan misordering of noun phrase (7 error atau 3.47% error). Terakhir, dalam error discourse, peneliti menemukan 3 error atau 1.49% error pada general structure. Error tersebut dibagi menjadi dua sumber, yaitu interlingual transfer dan intralingual transfer.
Kata kunci: analisis kesalahan, teks recount, sumber-sumber kesalahan, linguistic category, surface strategy
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CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ... 1
A.Background of Study ... 1
B.Limitation of the Study ... 3
C.Problem Statements ... 4
D.Objective of the Study ... 4
E. Significance of the Study ... 4
F. Research Paper Organization ... 5
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE ... 6
A.Previous Study ... 6
B.Theoretical Review ... 11
1. Error Analysis ... 12
a. Notion of Error analysis ... 12
b. Pedagogical Purpose of Error Analysis ... 13
c. The Classification of Error ... 13
d. The Error Identification ... 19
e. Sources of Error ... 19
2. English Text ... 21
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b. Type of English Text ... 21
c. Recount Text ... 25
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 27
A.Type of Study ... 27
B.Object of the Study ... 27
C.Data and Data Source ... 28
D.Technique of Collecting Data ... 28
E. Data Validity ... 28
F. Technique of Analyzing Data ... 29
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION ... 30
A. Research Finding ... 30
1. Types of Morphological Error ... 30
2. Types of Syntactical Error ... 34
3. Types of Discourse Error ... 47
4. The Frequency of Errors ... 48
5. Sources of Errors ... 51
B. Discussion ... 54
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION, PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATION AND SUGGESTION ... 62
