49
In: Joel G.Hardman, Lee E.Limbird (eds.)Dasar Farmakologi terapi. 10th ed. Jakarta: EGC; 2003. p666 - 711
2. Bertram G.Katzung. Farmakologi dasar dan klinik. 10th ed. Jakarta. EGC; 2010.p479 - 489
3. Wilmana PF, Sulistia Gan. Analgesik-antipiretik analgesik anti inflamasi non steroid dan obat gangguan sendi lainnya. In: Ganishwara SG,
Setiabudy R, Suyatna FD, Purwantyatuti, Nafrialdi (eds.)Farmakologi dan terapi. 5th ed. Jakarta: Balai penerbit FK UI; 2007. p230 - 246
4. Bedah Info. Parasetamol mampukah mengatasi nyeri pasca operasi . http://bedah.info/2011/03/parasetamol-mampukah-mengatasi-nyeri-pasca-operasi/ (accessed 20 januari 2013).
5. L Toms, HJ McQuay , S Derry , RA Moore. Single dose oral paracetamol (acetaminophen) for postoperative pain in adults (Review). The Cochrane Library [internet]. 2012 (6). Available from:
http://www.thecochranelibrary.com
6. Medika Jurnal Kedokteran Indonesia. Tablet kombinasi tramadol/ parasetamol untuk nyeri pasca bedah operasi tangan rawat jalan: uji klinis tersamar ganda, model ganda, acak, paralel. http://www.jurnalmedika.com/edisi-tahun-2012/edisi-no-05-vol-xxxvii- 2012/444-saripati/913-tablet-kombinasi-tramadolparasetamol-untuk- nyeri-pascabedah-operasi-tangan-rawat-jalan-uji-klinis-tersamar-ganda-model-ganda-acak-paralel (accessed 9 february 2013).
7. Abu omar AA, Al issa KA. Intravenous Paracetamol (Perfalgan) for
8. Larson AM, Polson J, Fontana RJ, et al. "Acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure: results of a United States multicenter, prospective study". Hepatology 42 (6): 1364–72.doi:10.1002/hep.20948
9. Corey R, Leonard M, Eghtesad B. Acetaminophen: old drug, new warnings [internet]. 2010 [cited 2012 dec 20]: 77 1 19-27. Available from: Cleveland clinic journal of medicine.
10.Sheen CL, Dillon JF, bateman DN, Simpson KJ, Macdonald TM. Paracetamol toxicity: epidemiology, prevention and cots to the health-care system [internet]. 2002 [cited 2012 dec 20]: 95 (9): 609-619. Available from: Oxford journals medicine.
11.Heirmayani. Toksikopatologi Hati Mencit Pada Pemberian Parasetamol.Bogor: IPB; 2007.
12.Paramita P. Kadar Serum Aspartat Aminotransferase dan Alanin Aminotransferase Pada Tikus Wistar Setelah Pemberian Asetaaminofen Per Oral Dalam Berbagai Dosis. Semarang: Undip; 2007.
13.Sulaiman H.A, Akbar HN, Lesmana LA, Noer HMS. Buku ajar ilmu penyakit hati edisi pertama. Jakarta: Jayabadi; 2007. P17-24, 265-274 14.G.Edward Morgan,Jr, Maged S.M,Michael JM. Clinical Anesthesiology.
4th ed. United States of America. McGraw-Hill; 2006.p 361 - 363
15.Soenarjo, Jatmiko HD. Anestesiologi. Semarang: Ikatan dokter spesialis anestesi dan reanimasi; 2010.p309 - 315
16.Encyclopedia Britannica [internet]. [cited 2013 februari 10]. Available from: http://www.britannica.com/
17.Price SA, Wilson LM. Patofisiologi konsep klinis proses-proses penyakit edisi 6. Jakarta: EGC; 2006.p 472-515
18.Sudoyo AW, Setiyohadi B, Alwi I, Simadibrata M, Setiati S. Buku ajar ilmu penyakit dalam jilid 1 edisi V. Jakarta: Interna publishing; 2009. p627-634, 708-712.
19.Isselbacher KJ, Braunwald E, Wilson JD, Martin JB, Fauci AS, Kasper DL. Editor Harrison prinsip-prinsip ilmu penyakit dalam volume 4.
20.Soemohardjo S, Bennie HS, Antonius W, Muljanto. Tes faal hati. Bandung: Penerbit Alumni; 1983. p89-98
21.Berkow R, Andrew JF. The merck manual. Ed 16 volume 2. Jakarta: Binarupa aksara; 1999.p 78-90
22.Sherlock, Sheila. Penyakit Hati dan Sistem Saluran Empedu. Jakarta: Widya Medika. 1995.p 145-167
23.Mandal A. News medical. Causes of liver disease [internet]. [cited 2013 feb 4]. Available from: http://www.news-medical.net/health/Causes-of-liver-disease.aspx
24.Treinen M, Moslen. Toxic responses of the liver. In: Klussen phD. Editor.
Toxicology the basic science poisons 6th edition. New york-chicago: Mc graw-H.Medical PU; 2003.
25.Friedmen LS, Keeffe EB. Handbook of liver disease second edition. Philadelphia (USA): Churchill livingstone; 2004.
26.Mariono, di Fiore. Atlas histologi manusia edisi 4. Jakarta: EGC; 1996. 27.Davis M, William P. Hepatic disorders in: Davies DM. Editor. Textbook
of adverse drug Reactions 4th Edition volume 1 of 2. Oxford New York- Tokyo: Oxford Medical publications; 1991.
28.Jackson P. Hepatotoxicity, Nephrotoxicity [internet]. Available from: http//www.public-health.uiowa.edu/fuortes/text/hepnep.html
29.World Health Organization (WHO). General Guidelines for Methodologies on Research and Evaluation of Traditional Medicine [Internet]. [cited 2012 Dec 11]. Geneva : WHO; 2001.
30.Yuniastuti A dan Purwaningsih E. Pengaruh pemberian susu fermentasi lactobacillus casei galur shirota terhadap kadar fraksi lipid serum dan jumlah coliform serta lactobacilli pada feses tikus hiperkolesterolemi. M Med Indones [Internet]. 2004 [cited 2012 Dec 27]; 39(4).
31.Price M. Sign and Symptoms of Aceraminophen-Related Liver Damage.
Tylenol Liver Damaged Info [internet]. Available from:
32.William P. Aspartat Aminotransferase [internet]. Available from:
http://www.clinlabnavigator.com/aspartate-aminotransferase-ast.html
33.Jack A. Hinson, Dean W. Roberts, and Laura P. James. Mechanisms of Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Necrosis [internet]. 2010 [cited 2013 jul 25]: (196):369-405. Available from: handbook of experimental
Lampiran 2
Lampiran 3
Dokumentasi Penelitian
1.Penimbangan sampel tikus wistar jantan
2.Sistem pengandangan tiap kelompok
4.Pemberian parasetamol lewat sonde lambung
5.Pengambilan darah melalui vena periorbita
Lampiran 4
Hasil Uji Laboratorium
Kelompok Kadar SGOT (U/l)
Kontrol
Kontrol : Tidak diberi perlakuan
Lampiran 5
Output Uji Statistik
1.Uji normalitas data
Case Processing Summary
Statistic Std. Error
Kadar SGOT Mean 33.433 5.1798
95% Confidence Interval for
Mean
Lower Bound 22.324
Upper Bound 44.543
5% Trimmed Mean 32.937
Median 31.000
Variance 402.455
Std. Deviation 20.0613
Minimum 8.1
Maximum 67.7
Range 59.6
Interquartile Range 36.3
Skewness .275 .580
Kurtosis -1.413 1.121
Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnova Shapiro-Wilk
Statistic df Sig. Statistic df Sig.
Kadar SGOT .199 15 .112 .917 15 .171
2. Uji independent t-test (kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan 1)
Group Statistics
Pemberian Parasetamol N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
Kadar SGOT kontrol 5 12.380 2.9072 1.3002
18mg 4x sehari selama 2
hari 5 40.840 18.2850 8.1773
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test
for Equality of
Variances t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df
Interval of the
Difference
3. Uji independent t-test (kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan 2)
Group Statistics
Pemberian Parasetamol N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
Kadar SGOT kontrol 5 12.380 2.9072 1.3002
18mg 4x sehari selama 4
Independent Samples Test
Levene's
Test for
Equality of
Variances t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df
Interval of the
Difference
4.Uji Statistik ANOVA
ANOVA
Kadar SGOT
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups 3421.665 2 1710.833 9.278 .004
Within Groups 2212.708 12 184.392
Multiple Comparisons
kontrol 18mg 4x sehari
selama 2 hari -28.4600 *
8.5882 .006 -47.172 -9.748
18mg 4x sehari
selama 4 hari -34.7000 *
8.5882 .002 -53.412 -15.988
18mg 4x sehari
selama 2 hari
kontrol 28.4600* 8.5882 .006 9.748 47.172
18mg 4x sehari
selama 4 hari -6.2400 8.5882 .481 -24.952 12.472
18mg 4x sehari
selama 4 hari
kontrol 34.7000* 8.5882 .002 15.988 53.412
18mg 4x sehari
selama 2 hari 6.2400 8.5882 .481 -12.472 24.952
Lampiran 6
Daftar Riwayat Hidup
Identitas
Nama : Alif Adlan Zulizar
NIM : G2A009134
Tempat/tanggal lahir : Kebumen, 15 September 1990 Jenis kelamin : Lak-laki
Alamat : Jalan Tirto Mukti VIII/1, Semarang Nomor Telpon : (024) 6715109
Nomor HP : 08560221885
e-mail : chakiizul@yahoo.co,
Riwayat Pendidikan Formal
1. SD : SD SUPRIYADI Lulus tahun : 2003
2. SMP : SMPN 2 Semarang Lulus tahun : 2006
3. SMA : SMA SEMESTA Semarang Lulus tahun : 2009
4. FK UNDIP : Masuk tahun : 2009
Keanggotaan Organisasi
1. Staf Bidang Hubungan Luar Negri BEM KU UNDIP Tahun 2009 s/d 2010 2. Anggota Medical Creative Art FK UNDIP Tahun 2009 s/d 2011 3. Ketua Medical Creative Art FK UNDIP Tahun 2011 s/d 2012 4. Anggota Komisi Disiplin Pemilihan Raya FK UNDIP Tahun 2010
5. Ketua Komisi Disiplin Pemilihan Raya FK UNDIP Tahun 2011
6. Sie Acara PMB FK UNDIP Tahun 2010
7. Sie Publikasi Dokumentasi Sientific Fair 2011 Tahun 2011 8. Sie Acara Pekan Olahraga Seni 2011 FK UNDIP Tahun 2011 9. Sie Acara Kemah Bakti 2012 FK UNDIP Tahun 2012
Pengalaman penelitian Belum ada
Pengalaman publikasi tulisan ilmiah Belum ada
Pengalaman presentasi karya ilmiah Belum ada
