KUMPULAN
PENELITIAN
YUSRAN UDIN
STUDY OF LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS IN THE RURAL COMMUNITY ON BANGGAI AND PARIGI-MOUTONG DISTRICT,
CENTRAL SULAWESI, INDONESIA Triwibowo A. Garjito, Sudomo, M.,
ABSTRACT
In Central Sulawesi, Lymphatic Filariasis has been scattered in almost of the district. From 1976 to 2002 there have been 210 filarial surveys conducted in five districts. The microfilaraemia rate found during this period ranged from 0% to 32.35%. Poso, Banggai and Parigi-Moutong districts were reported as the higher endemic of LF. Those present prevalence are 2.38%, 4.22% and 24.82% respectively. The filarial parasites W.
bancrofti and B. malayi were reported is endemic in Central Sulawesi. W. bancrofti infection occurs in the
coastal area, while B. malayi infection can be found both in hilly and coastal area. So far, there is no information about lymphatic filariasis that caused by B. timori infection in this area. 10
Study was carried out on May to November 2005 in 9 villages on Banggai and Parigi-Moutong District, Central Sulawesi. In time of study, 1.250 individuals were examined in 7 villages with finger prick night blood survey for W. bancrofti infection and only 2 microfilaria carries were detected. Bancroftian filariasasis was detected in two villages (Dongin and Bone Bae) in coastal area, Banggai district. In Parigi-Moutong district, 207 individuals were examined with the same method in 2 villages (Pangku-Tolole and Lemusa) for B. malayi and B. timori infection. Twenty eight mix B. malayi and B. timori mf-positive persons in Pangku-Tolole village were detected found in one village (Pangku-Tolole) surrounding by rice field, cacao and coconut plantation.
An. barbirostris was detected as the filariasis vector during the study period (with the infection rate 10%).
Four microfilaria carriers of mix B. malayi were examined for periodicity study. Two of the cases showed sub-periodic circadian form and the other showed sub-periodic form..
In the mosquito’s survey is reported An. barbirostris are found to be infected with filarial with moderate rate s of filarial infection (10%).
More than 10% of the 123 households were includes in the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Filariasis. The result showed that most of the respondents are native to the area having stayed there since birth. The mean reported monthly household income was Rp. 290.187,5,-). More than Seventy one percent (71.25%) of the respondents know about filariasis and 37.5% know on the cause of the disease. Fewer than 7% (6.35%) of the people interviewed knew that LF resulted from the bites of (infected) mosquitoes. In this investigation, interviewees have given spiritual as the causes of elephantiasis.
1 Vector Borne Disease Research Unit Donggala, NIHRD, Ministry of Health RI 2
DAFTAR TIM PENELITI
Ketua Pelaksana : Triwibowo Ambar Garjito, S.Si
Anggota Tim Pelaksana Penelitian : Jastal, SKM, M.Si.
dr. Hariadi, M.Kes I Made Suyasna, SE.
Rosmini, SKM Hayani Anastasia, SKM
Fitria Rinawati, S.Si Sumardi Yudith Labatjo
Samarang Yusran Udin
Anggota Tim Kabupaten:
I Gede Widiada, S.Sos. (Kabupaten Parigi Moutong) Jeferson Supari, S.Sos. (Kabupaten Banggai)
Konsultan :
DR. Muhammad Sudomo, APU.
Sumber Dana :
Badan Litbang Kesehatan 2005
Waktu Penelitian : Mei – November 2005
Korespodensi : Loka Litbang P2B2 Donggala
Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Departemen Kesehatan RI
Alamat :
Labuan Panimba, Labuan, Donggala, Sulawesi Tengah 94352 Telepon : +62-812-41-63712 (triwibowo)
ANALISIS SPASIAL EPIDEMIOLOGI SCHISTOSOMIASIS DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN PENGINDERAAN JAUH DAN SISTEM INFORMASI GEOGRAFIS DI SULAWESI TENGAH Jastal1, Mujiyanto1, Triwibowo A. G.1, Hayani A. 1, St.Chadijah1, Agus N1, Anis N. 1,Veridyana1, Yunus w. 1, Yusran U. 1, Samarang1, Rosmini1, Oktaviani1, Yuyun S. 1, Leonardo T. L. 1, Risti, Malonda M. 1, Puryadi1, Yudit L. 1, Ade K. 1, Nengsi1, Halimuddin1, Andi Tenriangka1, Tior N. P. 1, M. Dahlan2, Badolahi3, Yonathan3, Didimus3, Iper3, Kaleb3, Ramona3, Aswin4, , Amos4, Arief4, Pinus4, Refli I.,4 Intan4, Asri5, Rachmad6 , Fendik7
Abstrak
Analisis spasial epidemiologi schistosomiasis menggunakan penginderaan jau dengan sistem informasi geografis merupakan bagian dari pemantauan faktor resiko yang mencakup penyebaran kasus, fokus dan tikus sebagai salah satu reservoir Schistosoma javonicum serta situasi lingkungan didaerah endemis schistosomiasis. Semua kasus, fokus dan tikus positif yang tertangkap dipetakan dengan menggunakan GPS seri GPSMap 76 CSx, dengan menentukan posisi (waypoint) dan selanjutnya diolah dengan menggunakan citra satelit secara digital. Penggunaan citra satelit di ketiga wilayah Dataran Tinggi tersebut meluputi citra quickbird, citra ikonos, citra spot, citra Landsat ETM+ dan citra radar SRTM.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian derkriptif dengan desain cross sectional study, bertujuan untuk menyediakan basis data dan peta distribusi fokus, kasus dan reservoir yang dapat digunakan sebagai SIG dalam pengendalian schistosomiasis. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan selama sembilan bulan di Sulawesi Tengah yang mencakup wilayah Dataran Tinggi Lindu Kabupaten Donggala dan Dataran Tinggi Napu dan Bada Kabupaten Poso.
Penelitian ini terbagi atas tiga kelompok sampel yaitu a) sampel kasus adalah seluruh penduduk yang berusia diatas dua tahun di tempat penelitian, b) sampel fokus adalah seluruh fokus yang menjadi tempat berkembangnya Oncomelania hupensis lindoensis yang ditemukan di tempat penelitian dan c) sampel reservoir adalah seluruh tikus yang tertangkap di tempat penelitian.
Hasil penelitian menujukkan prevalensi schistosomiasis di daerah yang pernah terkonfirmasi yaitu Dataran Tinggi Lindu dan Napu mengalami peningkatan menjadi masing-masing 2,11% dan 2,22%. Selain kedua daerah tersebut telah ditemukan daerah tertular baru yaitu Dataran Tinggi Bada dengan 5 kasus baru. Selain itu, juga ditemukan sebanyak 519 fokus dan 53 diantaranya merupakan fokus baru, sedangkan positif rate tikus tertangkap adalah 33,33%.
Berdasarkan analisis citra satelit, distribusi fokus lebih banyak ditemukan pada daerah kemiringan lereng permukaan tanah yang basah dan pada daerah disekitar lahan yang terolah.
Kata kunci: Analisis spasial, Schistosomiasis, citra satelit, SIG, Sulawesi Tengah
1
Balai Litbang P2B2 Donggala, 2
Dinkes Provinsi Sulteng, 3
Dinkes Kabupaten Poso, 4
Dinkes Kabupaten Donggala, 5
Fakultas MIPA Universitas Tadulako Palu, 6
Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Politeknik Kesehatan Palu, 7
SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF SCHISTOSOMIASIS EPIDEMIOLOGY USING REMOTE SENSING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM
IN CENTRAL SULAWESI
Jastal1, Mujiyanto1, Triwibowo A.G. 1, Hayani A. 1, St. Chadijah1, Agus N. 1, Anis N. 1, Veridyana1, Yunus W. 1
, Yusran U. 1, Samarang1, Rosmini1, Octaviani1, Yuyun S1, Leonardo T.L. 1, Risti1, Malonda M. 1, Puryadi1, Yudit L. 1, Ade K. 1, Ningsi1, Halimuddin1, A. Tenriangka1, Tiur N.P. 1, M.Dahlan2, Badolahi3, Yonathan3, Didimus3, Iper3, Kaleb3, Ramona3, Aswin4, Amos4, Pinus4, Arief4, Refli I. 4, Intan4, Asri5, Rachmad6, Pendik7
Abstract
Spatial analysis of schistosomiasis epidemiology using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) is a part of the risk factor monitoring which are including distribution of cases, focuses, rats as reservoir of Schistosoma japonicum and the environment in endemic areas. All of the cases, focuses, and positive trapped rats were mapped by determining the waypoints by using GPSMap 76 CSx series and then they were processed by using satellite image digitally. The using of satellite image at three plateau (Napu, Lindu, and Bada) include Quickbird images, Ikonos images, SPOT images, Landsat ETM+ images and SRTM RADAR images.
This research was descriptive with cross sectional study design. Thw objective of this research is to provide the data base and map distribution of focus areas, cases and reservoir that can be used as geographic information system in schistosomiasis control. This research was conducted in Lindu plateau Donggala Regency, Napu and Bada plateau, Poso Regency Central Sulawesi for nine months.
This research was divided in three gropus of samples, those were a) case samples were people at research location by age two years old or more, b) foccus samples were all of focus areas where Oncomelania
hupensis lindoensis population live that were found at research location, c) reservoir samples were all of the
trapped rats at research location.
The result shows that schistosomiasis prevalence in Napu and Lindu increase with prevalence rate 2.22% and 2.11%. Besides those two areas, new infected areas were found, that is Bada plateau, with nine new cases. This research also found 519 focus areas with 53 of them was new focus areas, while infection rate of trapped rats was 33.33%.
Based on satellite image analysis, focus areas distribution were more found at the break of slope areas, which always wet, and around the cultivated land.
Keywords : spatial analysis, schistosomiasis, satellite images, GIS, Central Sulawesi 1
Balai Litbang P2B2 Donggala 2
Dinkes Provinsi Sulteng 3
Dinkes Kabupaten Poso 4
Dinkes Kabupaten Donggala 5
Fakultas MIPA Universitas Tadulako Palu 6
Jurusan Kesehatan Lingkungan Politeknik Kesehatan Palu 7
DAFTAR TIM PENELITI
A. Tim Pakar : Dr. M. Sudomo, APU (Ahli Schistosomiasis) Barandi Sapta W, S.Si, M.Sc (Ahli Pemetaan)
B. Tim Manejemen
Ketua : Ningsi, S.Sos Anggota : 1. Halimuddin
2. Tiurnidya Kristina P. 3. Andi Tenriangka
C. Ketua Pelaksana : Jastal, SKM, M.Si D. Koordinator Tim
1. Koordinator Pemetaan : Mujiyanto, S.Si
2. Koordinator Survei Fokus : Triwibowo, A. Garjito, S.Si., M.Kes 3. Koordinator Tim Survei Tinja : Hayani Anastasia, SKM 4. Koordinator Tim Survei Reservoir : Sitti Chadijah, SKM, M.Si
Anggota : 1. Yunus Widjaja, SKM 2. Yusran Udin, SKM
3. Made Agus Nurjana, SKM 4. Anis Nur Widayati, S.Si 5. Samarang, SKM 6. Rosmini, SKM 7. Ni Nyoman Veridiana, SKM 8. Ade Kurniawan 9. Octaviani 10.Yuyun Srikandi 11.Malonda Maksud 12.Leonardo Taruk Lobo 13.Puryadi 14.Risti 15.Yudith Labatjo 16.Nelvita 17.Iwan 18.Sastera 19.Wiwin 20.Isna 21.Rahman
22.Asri , S.Si, M.Si (Biologi, Untad Palu) 23.H. Dahlan (Dinkes. Prop. Sulteng) 24.Refli ( Dinkes, Kab. Donggala) 25.Badolahi, SKM (Dinkes, Kab Poso)
26.Edi Herianto,SKM, M.Kes (Dinkes. Kab. Poso) 27.Rahmat (Poltekkes Palu)
28.Fendik ( Balai Besar TNLL Palu) 29.drg. Didimus (Puskesmas Wuasa)
30.Kaleb Tonusu (Laboratorium Schistosomiasis Napu) 31.Ramona ((Laboratorium Schistosomiasis Napu) 32.Slamet, SKM (Puskesmas Lindu)
33.Arwin (Puskesmas Lindu)
34.Amos (Laboratorium Schistosomiasis Lindu) 35.Vinus (Laboratorium Schistosomiasis Lindu) 36.Moh.Arief (Laboratorium Schistosomiasis Lindu)
37.Intan (Laboratorium Schistosomiasis Lindu) 38.Iper (Puskesmas, Lengkeka, Lore Barat) 39.Yonathan (Puskesmas, Lengkeka, Lore Barat) 40.Yotham (Puskesmas Gintu, Lore Selatan)
