98 Al-intimā' As-simyā’iy Baina Jaakubsūn wa Al -balāgah: Al-ittijāh Al-jadīd fi Taḥlīl Al-āyāt Al-qur’āniyyah
Ma’rifatul Munjiah, Arina Haque, Abdul Mutholib
Jessica Yunanda Bahtiar
INTERNATIONAL DEBATER’S POLITENESS STRATEGY IN INTERLANGUAGE PRAGMATICS
OF REQUEST
Jessica Yunanda Bahtiar
ǣ ̷Ǥ
Abstract:
ʹͲʹʹ Ǥ
Ǥ
Ǥ ǡ
ǡǡǡǤ
ǡǤ ǡ
Ǥǡ
Ǥǡ ̵
Ǥ ǡ
ǡ ǡ
Ǥǡǡ ǡ
ǡ Ǥ
Keywords: Politeness Strategy, interlanguage pragmatics, cross-cultural communication, speech acts
INTRODUCTION
̵ǡ
Ǧ ȋǤǡʹͲͳͻȌǤ
ȋǤǡ
ʹͲͳͻȌǤ
ȋǦǡʹͲʹͲȌǤǡ
ǡ
ȋ Ǥǡ ʹͲͳͺȌǤ
INTERNATIONAL DEBATER’S POLITENESS STRATEGY IN INTERLANGUAGE PRAGMATICS
OF REQUEST
Jessica Yunanda Bahtiar
ǣ ̷Ǥ
Abstract:
ʹͲʹʹ Ǥ
Ǥ
Ǥ ǡ
ǡǡǡǤ
ǡǤ ǡ
Ǥǡ
Ǥǡ ̵
Ǥ ǡ
ǡ ǡ
Ǥǡǡ ǡ
ǡ Ǥ
Keywords: Politeness Strategy, interlanguage pragmatics, cross-cultural communication, speech acts
INTRODUCTION
̵ǡ
Ǧ ȋǤǡʹͲͳͻȌǤ
ȋǤǡ
ʹͲͳͻȌǤ
ȋǦǡʹͲʹͲȌǤǡ
ǡ
ȋ Ǥǡ ʹͲͳͺȌǤ
Ǧ
ȋǡʹͲͳͻȌǤǡ
Ǥ
ǡ
ȋƬǡʹͲͳͺȌ
Ǥ
ȋʹͲͳͺȌ
ǡ ǡ
Ǥ
Ǣ Ǥǡ
ȋ Ƭ ǡ ʹͲʹͲȌǤ
̵
ȋǤǡʹͲʹͲȌǡ
Ǥǡ̵ Ǧ ̵
ǡ
ȋǡʹͲͳͻȌǤ
ǡ
ǡ ǡ ǡ
Ǥ
Ǥ
Ǥ ǡ
ǦǦ Ǥ
Ǥ
Ǥ
Ǥ
ǡ ǡ
ǡ Ǥ ǡ
ǡ Ǧ
Ǥ ǡ
Ǥ
100
Jessica Yunanda Bahtiar
ǡ
ǡ
Ǥ
Ǥ
ǡ
̵
Ǥ̵
Ǥ ̵
ȋͳͻͺȌ Ǧ̵
ȋͳͻͺͶȌǤ ǡ̵
̵ Ǥ
LITERATURE REVIEW
Speech Acts
ȋǡʹͲͳͺȌǤǡ
ǡ
ȋǡ ʹͲʹͳȌǤ
ǡ ȋǡ ʹͲʹͲȌǤ ǡ
ǡ
ǡ
ȋǡʹͲͳ͵ȌǤ
ȋ Ǥǡ ʹͲͳͻȌǤ ǡ
̵
ȋ Ƭ
ǡ ʹͲʹͲȌǤ
ǡ
ǡ ǦǦ ǡȋ
ǤǡʹͲͳͻȌǤ
̵ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ
ǡ ǡȋǡʹͲͳͺȌǤǡ
Ǧ
ǡ
ǡ
Ǥ
Ǥ
ǡ
̵
Ǥ̵
Ǥ ̵
ȋͳͻͺȌ Ǧ̵
ȋͳͻͺͶȌǤ ǡ̵
̵ Ǥ
LITERATURE REVIEW
Speech Acts
ȋǡʹͲͳͺȌǤǡ
ǡ
ȋǡ ʹͲʹͳȌǤ
ǡ ȋǡ ʹͲʹͲȌǤ ǡ
ǡ
ǡ
ȋǡʹͲͳ͵ȌǤ
ȋ Ǥǡ ʹͲͳͻȌǤ ǡ
̵
ȋ Ƭ
ǡ ʹͲʹͲȌǤ
ǡ
ǡ ǦǦ ǡȋ
ǤǡʹͲͳͻȌǤ
̵ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ ǡ
ǡ ǡȋǡʹͲͳͺȌǤǡ
Ǧ
ȋǡʹͲͳͺȌǤǡ
ǦƬ
ȋͳͻͺͶȌǡ ǡ
ǡ Ǧ Ǥ
ǡ
ȋ ƬǡʹͲͳͻȌǤǡ
Ǥǡ
ȋǡʹͲʹͲȌǡ
ȋǡʹͲͳͻȌǤ
Politeness Strategy
Ǧǡ
ȋǡʹͲʹʹȌǤ ǡ
̵ ȋǡ ʹͲͳͺȌǤ ǡ
ǡ ̵
ǡ Ǧ
ȋ ƬǡʹͲʹͲȌǤ ǡ ȋ Ȍ
̵
ȋ ȌǦȋ Ȍǡ
ȋ ȋ ȌȌȋǡʹͲʹͲȌǤ
METHOD
Data collection
Ǥ
Ǥ
Ǥ ǡ
Ǥǡ
Ǥ ǡ ̵
Ǥ ǡ
ǡǤ
102
Jessica Yunanda Bahtiar
Ǥ
ǡ
Ǥ ǡ
Ǥ
ȋȌʹͲʹʹ Ǥ
ǡ
Ǥ
Data analysis
Ǧ̵ ̵ ȋͳͻͺͶȌ Ǥ
ǡ ̵
̵Ǥ
Ǥ
ǡ
Ǥ
RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS
Ǥ
Table 1. International debater’s request
International debater’s
request Request Politeness Strategy
ͳ
ȋȌ
Ǥ
ǡ
Ǥ ǡ
Ǥ
ȋȌʹͲʹʹ Ǥ
ǡ
Ǥ
Data analysis
Ǧ̵ ̵ ȋͳͻͺͶȌ Ǥ
ǡ ̵
̵Ǥ
Ǥ
ǡ
Ǥ
RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS
Ǥ
Table 1. International debater’s request
International debater’s
request Request Politeness Strategy
ͳ
ȋȌ
ʹ
ȋȌ
͵
ȋȌ
Ͷ ȋȌ
ͷ ȋȌ
ȋȌ
ȋȌ
ͺ ȋȌ
The request of Uzbekistan’s debater
Ǥ
̵
Ǥ
ȋ ͳȌ “Good morning dear Adjudicator, I hope you are good. I am going to ask for constructive feedback on our team so that we can do better in the next Debates.
ȋ ʹȌ “If it is possible, could you please suggest sources such as websites, and books, to improve debating skills? Thank you in advance.
Best regards, Mirabbos."
ǦȋͳͻͺͶȌǡ
Ǥ
ȋȌ ̶̵ Ǥ̶
ǡ
ǡ̶ Ǥ̶ǡ
104
Jessica Yunanda Bahtiar
Ǥǡ
ȋȌ
Ǥ̶̵̶̵Ǥ
Ǥǡ
ȋȌ ̶
Ǥ̶
Ǥ Ǥ
Ǧ ȋ Ȍ
Ƭ ȋͳͻͺȌ
Ǥ
̶Ǥ̶ ǡ
̵ Ǥ
ǡ
Ǥ
ǡ Ǥǡ
Ǥǡ
ǡ
Ǥ ǡ
Ǥ
ǡ
ȋ ȌǤ ǡ
Ǥ
ǡ Ǥ
The request of Hong Kong’s debater
ǡ Ǥ
Ǥǡǡ
ǡ
Ǥ ǡ
ǡǡ
Ǥǡ
ȋȌ
Ǥ̶̵̶̵Ǥ
Ǥǡ
ȋȌ ̶
Ǥ̶
Ǥ Ǥ
Ǧ ȋ Ȍ
Ƭ ȋͳͻͺȌ
Ǥ
̶Ǥ̶ ǡ
̵ Ǥ
ǡ
Ǥ
ǡ Ǥǡ
Ǥǡ
ǡ
Ǥ ǡ
Ǥ
ǡ
ȋ ȌǤ ǡ
Ǥ
ǡ Ǥ
The request of Hong Kong’s debater
ǡ Ǥ
Ǥǡǡ
ǡ
Ǥ ǡ
ǡǡ
Ǥ
Ǥ
ȋ͵Ȍ̶Ǥ̶
Ǧ
ȋͳͻͺͶȌǡ Ǥ
ǡ̶̶
Ǥ ǡ
̵ Ǥ ǡ
ǡ ǡǡǡ̶
Ǥ̶
Ǧ ȋ Ȍ
ƬȋͳͻͺȌǡ
Ǥ
Ǥ
Ǥ
Ǥǡ ǡ
Ǥ
̵ǡ
Ǥ
Ǥ
ǡ
Ǥ
(Data 4) “About the portrayal of how Morality looks like, what does it mean, is
with morality used in setting ethical standards?”
Ǧ ȋ Ȍ
Ƭ ȋͳͻͺȌǡ
Ǥ
Ǥ
106
Jessica Yunanda Bahtiar
Ǥǡ
̵ ǡ
ǡ
Ǥ
ȋͷȌ̶ǡ ǡ
̳ ǫ ǡ
ǫ̶
Ǥǡ
ǡ Ǥ
̶ ̶
Ǥ̵
̵Ǥ
ǡ̶ Ǥ̶
(Data 6) “For my speech, ȋǫȌ
does this mean I need to add in more impacting after the mechanism?”
ǡ
Ǥ
Ǥ ̵
̵ Ǥǡ̶ ̶ ͷǡ
̶ Ǥ̶ ̵
Ǥ
Ǥ
The request of Philiphines’s debater
Ǥ
ǡ ǡǡ
ǡ Ǥ
Ǥǡ
̵ ǡ
ǡ
Ǥ
ȋͷȌ̶ǡ ǡ
̳ ǫ ǡ
ǫ̶
Ǥǡ
ǡ Ǥ
̶ ̶
Ǥ̵
̵Ǥ
ǡ̶ Ǥ̶
(Data 6) “For my speech, ȋǫȌ
does this mean I need to add in more impacting after the mechanism?”
ǡ
Ǥ
Ǥ ̵
̵ Ǥǡ̶ ̶ ͷǡ
̶ Ǥ̶ ̵
Ǥ
Ǥ
The request of Philiphines’s debater
Ǥ
ǡ ǡǡ
ǡ Ǥ
ǡǡ
Ǥ
ȋȌ̶̵ Ǥ̶
Ǧ ȋ Ȍ
ƬȋͳͻͺȌǡǦ
Ǥ̶̶
̵Ǥ
ǡ
Ǥ
Ǥ
Ǥ ǡ
ǡ
Ǥ
Ǧ
ȋͳͻͺͶȌǡ ȋȌ
Ǥ
The request of a Malaysian debater
Ǥ
Ǥ Ǥ
Ǥ
Ǥ
(Data 8) “Hello and good afternoon, organisers!
͵ ǣ
ͳǤ ǫ
ǫ
ʹǤǫ
͵Ǥ
ǫ
ǡ
Ǥ
ǡ Ǥ
108
Jessica Yunanda Bahtiar
”
ǡ
Ǥ
ǡǡǡǤ
Ǥ
Ǧ ȋ ȌƬȋͳͻͺȌǡ
̵
Ǥ
ǡ Ǥ
Ǥ
ǡǡ
ǡǡ
ǦȋͳͻͺͶȌǤ ȋȌ
̶̶
Ǥ
ǡ
̵Ǥ
ǡ
Ǥǡ
Ǥ
CONCLUSIONS
ǡ
Ǥ ȋȌǡ ȋȌǡ
ȋȌ ǡ Ǥ
Ǥǡ
Ǥ
ǡ ̵
Ǥ̵ǡ
Ǥ ǡ ǡ