Su st a in a bilit y st a t u s of r ice fie lds in t he r ice
pr odu ct ion ce n t e r of Cit a rum W a t e r she d
1
I rm an Firm ansyah,
2Widiat m aka,
3Bam bang Pram udya,
4
Sugeng Budiharsono
1
St udy Program of Env ironm ent al Managem ent , Bogor Agricult ural Univ ersit y, Bogor, I ndonesia; 2 Depart m ent of Soil Science and Land Resources, Bogor Agricult ural Univ ersit y , Bogor, I ndonesia; 3 Depart m ent of Mechanical Engineering and Biosy st em s,
Bogor Agricult ural Univ ersit y , Bogor, I ndonesia; 4 Depart m ent of Marine Resource Econom ics, Bogor Agricult ural Univ ersit y , Bogor, I ndonesia. Corresponding aut hor:
fields for purposes t hat are considered t o hav e a higher econom ic v alue t o t he int erest s St at us cat egory of sust ainable funct ions farm field sources based on index v alue
I ndex v alue Cat egory
point i to point j, with the origin (σij) as the equation (Pitcher & Preikshot 2001) :
Dist ance squared w eight ed by dist ance Euclidean ( Alder et al 2000) :
Re su lt s an d D iscu ssion. Based on t he exist ing ex t ent s of land areas, t he higher pressure leads t o reduced w et land area. The decline in t he condit ion of w et lands will describe t he current sust ainabilit y st at us, and also in w hich t hese pressures are caused by a w ide v ariet y of fact ors t hat ex ist . I n t his research, w e w ill see t he lev erage fact ors and sust ainabilit y st at us v alue in fiv e dim ensions.
Socia l dim e n sion. Based on t he analy sis of MDS, social dim ension is st rongly influenced by t he agricult ural ex t ension w it h scale fact or v alues of 2. 35 and agricult ural labor wit h a v alue of 2. 20. Bot h of t hese fact ors need t o be considered from t he social aspect s, t hus great ly det erm ine t he fut ure sust ainabilit y of t he w et land. Agricult ural ex t ension is a vit al w et land t hat ’s relat ed t o underst anding t he ow ner of t he im port ance of w et land v alues in t he long t erm as w ell as t he k now ledge m anagem ent t o increase t he yield of rice product ion t hat is m ore opt im al, bot h in t erm s of seed and t im e cropping pat t erns. Counseling in addit ion t o a personalized approach of prov iding an underst anding beforehand, t hen by w ay of group discussions. Salam pessy ( 2012) show s t hat a group discussion aft er underst anding t he condit ions will be a m ore effect iv e m et hod by form ing m eet ings and group discussions so t hat educat ion is not a one- w ay only . Anot her fact or, t he superior seeds t o produce good rice product ion and an increase in t he I nv est m ent I ndex ( I P) opt im ize t he t im ing of land m anagem ent . Various fact ors form ing t he social dim ension is show n in Figure 1.
The social condit ions are st ill very good so t hat t he st at us of t he social dim ension of sust ainabilit y is at 55. 91. Ent ering t he cat egory is t he quit e sust ainable, but it needs t o be m aint ained wit h due regard t o t he sust ainabilit y of t he lev er fact or. Ov erview of t he st at us of sust ainabilit y is in Figure 2.
Figure 2. Social dim ension sust ainabilit y st at us.
Econ om ic dim en sion. I n t he econom ic dim ension of t he fact ors t hat influenced t he presence of t he w et land rice product ion cent er in Cit arum include t he num ber of agricult ural labor as t he driving funct ion of t he exist ing wet land wit h a v alue of 3. 26 and a fact or for t he num ber of m ark et access wit h a v alue of 2. 85. The am ount of labor farm ers are dim inishing, especially w hen t he successors of agricult ural land m anagers are a few. Young people including children of farm ers do not w ant t o w ork lik e t heir parent s and an econom ic ov erview show s t hat farm ers do not hav e a good fut ure. On t he ot her hand, it show s t hat because t he percept ion of w orking in an office or com pany is bet t er ev en t hough fact ory w ork ers and j anit or of an office are also bet t er t han as farm ers. Because t he incom e from farm ing is not considered a rout ine and only at harv est t im e, t he incom e of farm ing result s can be great er t han in a fact ory . While fact ors for t he am ount of m ark et access is t he need for furt her m ark et reach and not only local m ark et s so as t o guarant ee t he st abilit y of prices, and product ion t arget s required farm ers t o increase yields farm ing. Market reach is also associat ed wit h a short m ark et ing chain but t oo m uch inv olv em ent of m iddlem en m inim alizes t he price of rice at t he farm level. The fact ors form ing t he econom ic dim ension are show n in Figure 3.
Figure 3. Fact ors in econom ic dim ension.
Figure 4. Econom ic dim ensions of sust ainabilit y st at us.
dev elopm ent of Jak art a and Bek asi. While t he use of resident ial land is also fact or causing pressure on t he w et land, t his m ak es act ivit y of t he resident ial- housing const ruct ion higher. On t he ot her hand, t he int erest of farm ers w ill need a huge cost in a short t im e and t he bidding price of t he land from t hose dev elopers is draw n by landrent from w et land t o ot her land uses. Ot her sust ainabilit y field st at us const ruct ing fact or is t o use seeds t hat have a high product ion yield. Descript ion of t he fact ors on t he ecological dim ension is show n in Figure 5.
Figure 5. Fact ors on ecological dim ension.
Figure 6. Dim ensions of ecological sust ainabilit y st at us.
I n fr a st ru ctu r e a n d t echn ology dim e n sion. Fact ors on t he infrast ruct ure and t echnology dim ension are condit ions in w hich t he const ruct ing fact or input s and t he use of product s w ere deriv ed from agricult ural product s. These saprodi condit ions such as farm im plem ent s t hat m ost farm ers are st ill not opt im al in t he upt ak e of appropriat e t echnologies as w ell as fert ilizer and pest icides during t he applicat ion of organic fert ilizer are st ill considered t o be m ore ex pensive t han art ificial fert ilizers. On t he ot her hand, t he added v alue of agricult ure has not been in a lot of deriv at iv e product s because t hey can not t ak e adv ant age of t echnology and innov at ion and it is not opt im al in t he farm ing com m unit y t o ut ilize w ast e and product s deriv ed from agricult ural product s. Value of const ruct ing fact ors are based on t he analy sis of t he condit ion of MDS farm ing input s of 3. 45, and t he use of product s of farm crops am ount ed t o 3. 37. Pict ure of t he v alue of t he fact ors in t he infrast ruct ure and t echnology dim ensions are show n in Figure 7.
The infrast ruct ure and t echnology dim ension is t he dim ension t hat is v ery v ulnerable because of it s sust ainabilit y st at us t hat ent ered t he cat egory of less sust ainable wit h a v alue of 45. 93, so as t o enhance t he sust ainabilit y st at us of t he need t o consider t he exist ing const ruct ion fact or. The posit ion of t he st at us of sust ainabilit y in t his dim ension is as show n in Figure 8.
Figure 8. St at us dim ensions of infrast ruct ure sust ainabilit y and t echnology.
Figure 9. Fact ors on legal and inst it ut ional dim ensions.
The sust ainabilit y st at us condit ions for t he legal and inst it ut ional dim ension hav e t he m ost good st at us of all dim ensions wit h a v alue of 67. 88 included in t he sust ainabilit y crit eria. This is because t he regulat ory and inst it ut ional support bot h in it s im plem ent at ion is not opt im al, but t he av ailabilit y of t he dev ice is a k ey fact or in m inim izing t he rat e of w et land conv ersion. Ordinat ed pict ure of t he st at us of sust ainabilit y in t he legal and inst it ut ional dim ensions is show n in Figure 10.
M u lt i dim en siona l scallin g a n d va lidit y a na lysis. Result s of analy sis using t he MDS generat es an index v alue of sust ainabilit y funct ions of w et land resources in t he four count ies as a cent er of rice product ion in Cit arum . Where t he v alue of t he highest sust ainabilit y in t he legal and instit ut ional dim ensions is 67. 88 and t he lowest in infrast ruct ure and t echnology dim ensions is 45. 93. I nt er- dim ensional visualizat ion of t he st at us of sust ainabilit y are as show n in Figure 11.
Figure 11. Mult i- dim ensional sust ainabilit y st at us.
The v alidit y of t he MDS used Mont ecarlo analy sis, w hereby t he difference of t he result s of t he com parat iv e analy sis of MDS m ont ecarlo v alues is show n in Table 2.
Table 2 The result of Mont e Carlo Analy sis for Mult idim ensional Sust ainable I ndex Values and
each Dim ension in t he confidence int erv al of 95%
I ndex St at us MDS Mont ecarlo Difference
Social 55. 91 55. 34 0. 57
Econom y 56. 30 55. 49 0. 81
Ecology 57. 66 57. 13 0. 53
I nfrast ruct ure & Technology 45. 93 45. 87 0. 06 Law & I nst it ut ion 67. 88 66. 36 1. 52
product ion cent ers in Cit arum halt ed from upper- m iddle- end based on t he design policy cont ribut ed t o a high area and required for t he im plem ent at ion of green product ion.
Spat ial clarit y under pressure because it is cov ered by indust rial act ivit y.
Great Hall of t he Region Cit arum Riv er, 2011 [ Wat er efficiency- t hrough inv est m ent rice sust ainabilit y st at us of fisheries. Fisheries Research 49( 3) : 255- 270.
