APPENDICES
a. Biography of Haruki Murakami
Haruki Murakami was born Kyoto, Japan on January 12, 1949 is a contemporar books and stories have been bestsellers in Japan as well as internationally, with his work being translated into 50 languages and selling millions of copies outside his native country.
His works of fiction and non-fiction have garnered critical acclaim and numerous awards, both in Japan and internationally, including the while his oeuvre received among others the the has also translated a number of English works into Japanese, from
weaves into his narratives. He is also considered an important figure in "among the world's greatest living novelists" for his works and achievements.
Murakami began to write fiction when he was 29. "Before that", he said, "I didn't write anything. I was just one of those ordinary people. I was running a jazz club, and I didn't create anything at all."] He was inspired to write his first novel Murakami was in According to an oft-repeated story, in the instant that Hilton hit a double, Murakami suddenly realized that he could write a novel. He went home and began writing that night. Murakami worked on Hear the Wind Sing for ten months in very brief stretches after working days at the bar.He completed the novel and sent it to the only literary contest that would accept a work of that length, winning first prize.
translated by Murakami considers his first two novels to be "immature" and "flimsy", and has not been eager to have them translated into English. A Wild Sheep Chase, he says, was "the first book where I could feel a kind of sensation, the joy of telling a story. When you read a good story, you just keep reading. When I write a good story, I just keep writing."
b. Summary of the Norwegian Wood Novel
A 37-year-old Toru Watanabe has just arrived in Hamburg, Germany. When he hears an orchestral cover of the Beatles' song suddenly overwhelmed by feelings of loss and nostalgia. He thinks back to the 1960s, when so much happened that touched his life.
is a virgin. Afterwards, Naoko leaves Watanabe a letter saying that she needs some time apart and is quitting college to go to a sanatorium.
These events are set against a backdrop of civil unrest. The students at Watanabe's college go on strike and call for a revolution. Inexplicably, the students end their strike and act as if nothing had happened, which enrages Watanabe as a sign of hypocrisy.
Watanabe is befriended by a fellow She is everything that Naoko is not — outgoing, vivacious, and supremely self-confident. Despite his love for Naoko, Watanabe finds himself attracted to Midori as well. Midori reciprocates his feelings, and their friendship grows during Naoko's absence.
Watanabe visits Naoko at her secluded mountain sanatorium near Kyoto. There he meets Reiko Ishida, an older patient there who has become Naoko's confidante. During this and subsequent visits, Reiko and Naoko reveal more about their past: Reiko talks about the cause of her downfall into mental illness, and Naoko talks about the unexpected suicide of her older sister several years ago.
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Chapman, Raymond. 1982. The Language of English Literature. London: Edward Arnold.
Corders, S.p. 1985. Applied Linguistics. Auckland: Penguin.
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Edwards, John. 1985. Language, Society, and Identity. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Hamalian, Leo and Frederick R. Karl. 1967. The Shape of Fiction. New York:
McGraw-Hill, Inc.
Mahsun. 2005. Metode Penelitian Bahasa. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada. Martin, J.R. 1984. Language, Register, and Genre. Victoria: Deakin.
Moleong, Lexy J. 1993. Metodologi Penelitian Kualitatif. Bandung: Remaja Rosdakarya.
Matthews, P.H. 1980. Syntax. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
Murakami, Haruki. 2000. Norwegian Wood. New York: A Division of Random House, Inc.
Rees, R.J. 1979. English Literature an introduction for foreign Readers. London: The Macmillan Press Limited.
Robert, Edgar V and Henry E. Jacobs. 1987. Literature: An Introduction to reading and writing. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Sembiring, MCA. 1990. An Introduction to English Grammar. Medan: USU Press. Sembiring, Matius. 2013. Buku Pedoman Program D-3 Studi Bahasa Inggris.
Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara.
Stanford, A.Judith. 2003. Responding to Literature: stories, poems, plays, and essays. North America: McGraw-Hill.
Sudaryanto. 1993. Metode dan Aneka Teknik analisis Bahasa. Yogyakarta: Duta Wacana University Press.
Sumardjo, Jakob dan Sauni K.M. 1998. Apresiasi Kesusastraan. Jakarta : Gramedia.
Surachmad, Winarno. 1982. Pengantar Penelitian Ilmiah. Bandung: Tarsito. Suryabrata. 1984. Metode Penelitian. Jakarta: Angkasa.
Suryabrata, Winarto. 2000. Pengantar Penelitian. Jakarta: Raja Grafindo Persada. Taylor, Richard. 1981. Understanding the Elements of Literature. Hongkong: The
Macmillan Press Ltd.
Watson, George. 1979. The story of the Novel. London: The Mac Millan Press. Wellek, Rene and Warren Austin. 1989. Teori Kesusastraan. Jakarta: PT
3. NORWEGIAN WOOD NOVEL
1.1 Friendship Story
In this novel Toru Watanabe is a main character. He has a best friend Kizuki. He is so close at the time. Kizuki is a Naoko’s boyfriend, but Kizuki takes his own life. Watanabe is covered by the missing out on the death of his best friend. Too many memories with him. The death of Kizuki is the one thing that most difficult for Watanabe. That is the first the loneliness he feels. As follows the memories of his friendship with Kizuki and Naoko.
Watanabe first meets Naoko in the spring of his second year high school. She is also in her second year and attending a refined girl’s high school run by one of the Christian missions. Naoko is the girlfriend of his best (and only) friend, Kizuki. The two of them have been close almost from birth, their house not two hundred yards apart.
“Kizuki gave up trying to arrange dates for me, instead the three of us would do things together. Kizuki and Naoko and I:odd, but that was the most comfortable combination. Introducing a fourth person into the mix would always make things a little awkward. We were like a TV talk show, with me the guest.” (Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P.30)
Kizuki the talented host, and Naoko his assistant. He is good at occupying that often impressed people as arrogant, but in fact he is a considerate and fairminded person. He will distribute his remarks and jokes fairly to Naoko and to Watanabe, taking care to see that neither of them feel left out. If one or the other stayed quiet too long, he will steer his conversation in that direction and gots the person to talk. The three of them spend a lot of time together, but whenever Kizuki Leaves the room, Naoko and Watanabe have trouble talking to each other. They never know what to talk about. And in fact there is no topic of conversation that they hold in common. Instead of talking, they have drunk water or toy with something on the table and wait for Kizuki to come back and start the conversation up again. Naoko is not particularly talktive, and Watanabe is more of a listener than a talker, so he feels uncomfortable when he leaves alone with her. Not that they are incompatible: they just have nothing to talk about.
“I had no special interest in my afternoon classes, so together we left school, ambled down the hill to a billiards parlor on the harbor four games. When I won the first, easygoing game, he got serious and won the other three. This meant that I paid according to our custom. Kizuki made not a single wisecrack as we played, which was most unusual. We had a smoke afterward.”(Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P.32)
have been out visited a sick relative, and when they opening the garage to put their car away, he is already dead. His radio is going, and a gas station receipt is tucked under the windshield wiper.
Kizuki have left no suicide note, and had no motive that anyone could think of. Because Watanabe have the last one to see him, Watanabe calls in for questioning by the police. He tells the investigating officer that Kizuki gives no indication of what he is about to do, that he is exactly the same as always. The policeman is obviously formed a poor impression of both Kizuki of Watanabe, as if it is perfectly natural for the kind of person who would skip classes and shoot pool to commt suicide. A small article in the paper brought the affair to a close. Kizuki’s parents get rid of his red N-360. For a time, a white flower marked his home room desk.
In the ten months between Kizuki’s death and graduation, Watanabe is unable to find a place for himself in the world around him. Watanabe applies to a private University in Tokyo, the kind of school with an entrance exam for which he will not have to study much, and he does pass without exhilaration.
“Death exists, not as the opposite but as a part of life.Translated into words, it’s a cliche, but at the time I felt it not as words but as that knot of air inside me. Death exists-table-and we go on living and breathing it into our lungs like fine dust.” (Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P.33)
In Tokyo, Watanabe meet the one person in his world who had read Gatsby, Watanabe and him became friends because of it.
They become friends. This happens in October. The better Watanabe got to know Nagasawa, the stranger he seems. He have meet a lot strange people in Watanabe’s day, but none as strange as Nagasawa. He is a far more voracious reader than him, but he makes it a rule never to touch a book by any author who have not been dead at least thirty years.
No one else in the dorm know that Nagasawa is a secret reader of classic novels, nor will it have matter if they have. Nagasawa knows for being smart. He breeze into Tokyo University, he gots good grades, he will take the Civil Service Exam, join the Foreign Ministry, and become a diplomat. He comes from a super family. His father owns a big hospital in Nagoya, and his brother have also graduated from Tokyo, gone on to medical school, and will one day inherit the hospital. Nagasawa always have plenty of money in his pocket, and he carries himself with real dignity.
Nagasawa is unusually charismatic and complex in both his ideals and personal relationships. Watanabe routinely accompanies Nagasawa on outings to bars, where they pick up girls for one-night stand.
“We lived in the same dorm and knew each other only by sight, until one day when I was reading Gatsby in a sunny spot in the dining hall.” (Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P.41)
There are sides to Nagasawa’s personality that conflicate in the extreme. Even Watanabe will be move by his kindness at times, but he can, just easily, be malicious, and cruel.
I promised myself never, under any circumstances, to open myself up to him.” (Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P.43)
1.2 Love Story
Toru Watanabe is thirty-seven, when he is on the plane listen a sweet orschestral cover version of the Beatles’ “Norwegian Wood”. He reminds memories with his beloved girl Naoko. That song is a Naoko’s favorite.
“Then she palyed “Nowhere Man” and “Julia.” Now and then as she played, she would close her eyes and shake her head. Afterward she would go back to the wine and the cigarette.“Play ‘Norwegian Wood,’ ” said Naoko.” (Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P.146)
Watanabe is eighteen, new to Tokyo and new to living alone and so his anxious parents found private dorm for him to live in rather that kind of single room that most students took. In Tokyo Watanabe meet again with Naoko who is a beautiful woman but emotionally. They are spending time together and finally they decide to be a couple.
“Tell me something, Toru,” she said. “do you love me?” “You know I do,” I answered.
“Will you do me two favors?”
“You may have up to three wishes, madame.” (Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P.11)
Halfway through april Naoko turns twenty. It rains on her birthday. They drink, have some cake, and enjoy a simple dinner. And then something happen they do after that, Naoko’s criying never stopped.
Naoko at her home in Kobe. But, the answer did not come. In June He writes Naoko another long letter, addressing it again to her house in Kobe. It says pretty much the same things as the first letter, but at the end he adds this: “Waiting for your answer is one of the most painful things I have ever been through. At least let me know whether or not I hurt you.”
Finally, at the beginning of July, a letter came from Naoko. She asks him to visit her in Sanatorium. A short letter.
Naoko says sorry in the letter. She makes him sure with a few reasons. After she moves out of her aparment, she come back to her family’s house in Kobe and see a doctor for a while. He tells Naoko there is a place in the hills outside Kyoto that would be perfect for her, and she thinks of spending a little time there. It’s not exactly a hospital, more a sanatorium kind of thing with a far freer style of treatment. She will leave the details for another letter.
I feel grateful in my own way for the year of companionship you gave me. You are not the one who hurt me. I myself am the one who did that. This is truly how I feel.For now, however, I am not prepared to see you. It’s not that I don’t want to see you: I’m simply not prepared for it. The moment I feel ready, I will write to you. Perhaps then we can get to know each other better.”(Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P.58-59)
Watanabe wakes up at seven o’clock on Monday morning. He takes a crowded commuter train to Tokyo Station and buys a bullet-train ticket to Kyoto, literally jumping onto the first Hikari express to pull out. He arrives in Kyoto a few minutes before eleven.
Watanabe follows week’s drama lecture, meet Midori Kobayashi. She is an opposite character with Naoko. She is friendly, energetic, and confident. Watanabe walks out with her. But, Naoko is his secret. Eventhough, he is love with Naoko but is be alive to Midori, too. Midori have a same feeling with watanabe. Their friendship is growing since Naoko was gone.
“I’ve never met a girl who thinks like you.”
“A lot of people tell me that,” she said, digging at a cuticle. “But it’s the only way I know how to think. Seriously. I’m just telling is different from other people’s. I’m not trying to be different. But when I speak out honestly, everybody thinks I’m kidding or playacting. When that happens, I feel like everything’s such a pain!” (Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P.104)
Watanabe visits in Sanatorium of purileus mountain nearby in Kyoto where Naoko taked of care. He meets with Reiko Ishida is an old woman than Naoko. Reiko is a confidant someone for Naoko. Reiko and Naoko tell about their past.
Watanabe is come back in Tokyo. He holes up Midori because he is yet need her. Watanabe sends a letter to Reiko, asking a suggestion about Naoko and Midori. He loves Naoko but he is not losing Midori. It is so complicated.
Watanabe have got a letter from Reiko that Naoko takes her own life. He is so confused and go somewhere without direction in Tokyo.
death was this: no truth can cure the sorrow we feel from losing a loved one. Hearing the waves at night, listening to the sound of the wind, day after day I sand in my hair, I moved farther and farther west, surviving on a diet of whiskey, bread, and water.” (Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P.361)
Nights when it is impossible for him to sleep, the images of Naoko would come back to him. There is no way he can stop them. Too many memories of her is crammed inside him, and as soon as one of them found the slightest opening, the rest would force their way out in an endles stream, an unstoppable flood: Naoko in her yellow rain cape cleans the birdhouse and carries the feed bag that rainy morning; the caved-in birthday cake the feel of Naoko’s tears soaking through my shirt (yes, it have been raining then, too); Naoko walks beside him in winter wearing her camel’s hair coat; Naoko touches the barrette she always wore; Naoko peers at him with those incredibly clear eyes of hers; Naoko sits in sofa, legs drawn up beneath her blue night-gown, chin resting on her knees.
The memories will slam against him like the waves of an incoming tide, sweep his body along to some strange new place-a place where he lives with the dead. There Naoko lives, and he can speak with her and old her in his arms. Death in that place was not a decisive element that bring life to an end. There, death is but one of many elements comprising life. There Naoko lives with dead inside her. And to him she said, “Don’t worry, it’s only death. Don’t let it bother you.”
sadness. The fisherman expresses his deep sympathy and brings a big bottle of sake and two glasses from his house.
The month of travel neither lifts his spirit nor softens the blow of Naoko’s death. He arrives back in Tokyo I pretty much the same state in which he has left. He can’t even brings himself to phone Midori.
“What could I say to her? How could begin? “It’s all over now; you and I can be happy together”? No, that was out of the question. However I might phrase it, thoug, the facts were the same: Naoko was dead, and Midori was still here. Naoko was a pile of white ash, and Midori was a living, breathing human being.” (Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P. 363)
He overcomes with a sense of my own defilement. Though he returns to Tokyo he do nothing for days but shuts himself up in his room. His memory remains fix on the dead rather than the living. The rooms he has set aside in there for Naoko were shuttered, the furniture draps in white, the windoesills dusty. He spends the better part of each day in those rooms. And he thought about Kizuki. “So you finally made Naoko yours,” he hears himself telling Kizuki. “Oh, well, she was yours to begin with. Now, maybe, she’s where belongs. But in this world of the living, he do the best he can for Naoko. He tried to establish a new life for the two of them. But forget it, Kizuki. He gives her to Kizuki. Kizuki is the one Naoko chose, after all. In woods as dark as the depths of her own heart, she hanged herself. Once upon a time, Kizuki drags a part of Watanabe into that world. Sometimes he feels like a caretaker of a museum-a huge, empty museum where no one over comes, and he is watching over it for no one but himself.
August, and when it was over, he wants back to Tokyo. He tells his landlord he will be away for a while and his boss at the Italian restaurant that He won’t be come in to work. To Midori he writes a short note.
Reiko writes to Watanabe several times after Naoko’s death. But he never answered her. The held a quiet funeral for Naoko in Kobe at the end of August, and when it was over, he wants back to Tokyo. He tells his landlord be will be away for a while and his boss at the Italian restaurant that he won’t be come in to work. To Midori he writes a short letter.
“I couldn’t say anything just yet, but I hoped she would wait for me alittle longer. I spent the next three days in movie theaters, and after I had seen every new movie in Tokyo, I packed my knapsack, took all my money out of the bank, went to Shinjuku Station, and took the first express train I could find heading out of town.” (Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P.357)
The fourth day after his return to Tokyo, he gots a letter from Reiko. Special delivery. It is a simple note; “I haven’t been able to get in touch with you for weeks, and I’m worried. Please give me a call. At nine A.M. I will be waiting by the telephone.
Reiko said that she left Sanatorium and asked Watanabe to meet her. The rest of the way to Kichijoji they hardly talk. Ten months had gone by since he last saw Reiko, but walking by her side he feels strangely calm and comfort.
“This was a familiar feeling, I thought, and then it occurred to me it was the way I used to feel when walking the streets of Tokyo with Naoko. And just as Naoko and I had shared the dead Kizuki, Reiko and I shared the dead Naoko.” (Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P. 367)
“I never have to do this again,” said Reiko, “for the rest of my life. Oh, please, Watanabe, tell me it’s true. Tell me I can relax now because I’ve done enough to last a lifetime.” (Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P.384)
Reiko will go to Asahikawa next day. Watanabe tries to convince her that taking a plane would be faster and easier, but she insisted on going to. Watanabe accompanies her to Ueno Station. Actually, Reiko is so scared, going to Asahikawa by herself.
“Don’t forget about me,” she said. “I won’t forget you,” I said.
“we may never meet again, but no matter where I go, I’ll always remember you and Naoko.” (Haruki Murakami, Norwegian Wood, P.385)
Reiko is crying. Watanabe feels that he and Reiko are alive. And all they have to think about continue to live.
Since that happen He thinks that Midori is a someone who is important in his life. After Watanabe looks Reiko go, he directs come in to contact with Midori.
“Be happy,” Reiko said to me as she boarded the train.
Midori responded with a long. Forehead pressed against the glass, he shuts his eyes and waits. At last, Midori’s quiet voice broke the silence: “Where are you now?”
2. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
2.1 Conclusion
After having analyzed friendship and love story in this novel, it explained that love had on Watanabe to Naoko was not feed back to him. His friendship with Kizuki felt empty when Kizuki who thought his own life was seventeenth years old. Watanabe was very confused, Naoko felt too. In the ten months between Kizuki’s death and graduation, Watanabe is unable to find a place for himself in the world around him. Watanabe applied to a private University in Tokyo, the kind of school with entrance exam from which he will not have to study much, and he does pass without exhilaration. In Tokyo, he met with Nagasawa. They were two had read The Great Gatsby. Nagasawa is unusually charismatic and complex in both his ideals and personal relationships. Watanabe routinely accompanies Nagasawa on outings to bars, where they pick up girls for one-night stands.
Naoko took a therapy in Sanatorium, she was in there with Reiko Ishida. But, finally she had give her news to Watanabe and asked him to visit her. A few months Reiko sent a letter for Watanabe and told that Naoko took her own life. The feeling of Watanabe was on asunder and empty for twice. He overcame with a sense of his own defilement. Though he returned to Tokyo, he did nothing for days but shut himself up in his room. His memory remained fix on the dead rather than the living.
The while Midori was not get the news from him. Midori asked around him. After a month that happen he went back to Tokyo and get information from Reiko that she had leave Sanatorium and asked him to meet. They were live together and had a sex . Since that happened He thought that Midori was a someone who was important in his life. After Watanabe saw Reiko gone, he directed came in to contact with Midori. The ending in this novel was suspend. Midori just asked existence of Watanabe.
2.2 Suggestion
Hopefully, this paper will give some advantage to readers. The readers be swept off feet in complicated stories in this novel. If we want to analyze the stories, we have to read patiently to be comprehend what this paper contains.
2 EXPLANATION OF THE TERMS
2.2 Novel
Novel is used to show and express an extra ordinary event that happened to someone. It means that novel is a way for the writer to find out extra ordinary happened in the story. By reading the novel, it is hard to get the event if the story is not read many times episode by episode. Because of that, making the important quotations will help the writer understand what event happened.
Novel is a picture of real life and manners of the time in which it was written. Watson (1979:158) says, “Novel is a fictional prose narrative of length, usually with a claim to describe the real.”
Sumardjo (1998: 29) says that novel is a story with the prose form in long shape, this long shape means the story including the complex plot, many character and various setting. A novel is a totality, a comprehensiveness that is artistic. As a totality, the novel has passages elements, most related to one another in close and mutually dependent. The elements of a novel-builder that then collectively form a totality that-in addition to the formal elements of language, there are many more kinds. The division of the element in question is the intrinsic and extrinsic elements.
Robert defines novel have many elements, which contain character, plot, theme, setting, point of view, and style. These elements are related to each other and will construct a story in the novel.
traits of human being.” It shows that character is the reason of imitation of human being who has bad or good traits.
The second is plot. Plot is basically sequences of events in logical and chronological relations which areinterrelated, caused or experienced by the characters. Jacobs and Roberts (1993:52) say that the plot is based on the interactions causes and effects as they develop sequentially or chronologically. It means that the plot is the main story has a relation between causes and effects that develop into well organized
The plot is very important because every element in fiction has found in it. Opinion of Aminuddin (1987:86) “For the author, plot is like a framework of aarangement that could be directive to develop the entire content of the story. While, for the reader, understanding the plot means understand all about the story chronologically and clear.”
Staton (2007:26-29) states that plot is a series of the events in a story. How a certain event affecting another event that cannot be ignored, since the event will be affecting for all the story.
The third is theme. Theme is the main idea in the story. Theme is the relation between idea and purpose of the fiction that writteen by thee author. To find the theme, the reader must read the whole stories of the novel.
“Remember that theme hunting is possibly the most enjoyable and rewarding part of a short story, but it is also the most dangerous the most open to wild error. If you want to find meaning, you must put yourself in the writer’s hands and efface paart of yourself. Otherwise every story regrettably will sound exactly like you.” (Hamalian and Karl, 1967:324)
The fourth is setting. Setting contains time, place, and atmosphere. Stanford (2003:44) says, “Setting is the time and place of a literary work. Setting includes social, political, and economic background as well as geographic and physical locations.” It means that setting related to atmosphere around makes the readers brought the situations in the novel.
Robert (1987:230) says, “Setting is the natural, manufactured, political, cultural, and temporal environment, including everything that characters know and own. Characters may be either helped or hurt by their surroundings, and they may fght about possessions aand goals. Further, as character speak with each other, they reveal the degree to which they share the customs and ideas of their times.”
The fifth is point of view. Point of view is the way of the author place himself in the story. The author expresses the emotional and mental feeling of character in the story to help the reader find the events.
“Point of view refers to the position and stance of the voice, or speaker, that authors adopt for their works.” (Robert 1987:180)
1) The First-Person Point of View
If the voice of the work is an “I” the author is using the first-person point of view-the impersonation of a fictional narrator or speaker.
2) The Second-Person Point of View
The Second-Person point of view, the least common of the points of view, offers the writer two major possibilites.
3) The Third-Person Poin of View
If events in the work are described in the third person (he, she, it, they), the author is ussing the third-person point of view.
Laverty (1971:337-8) says that point of view is divided into four, they are
first-person central point of view is focussed on “I” character. First-person peripheral point of view is focused in “I” but the personal does not tell himself.
Limited third person point of view is focused on two main characters and the author limited himself to everything. Third person omniescent point of view is the author free in explaining motivation all characters.
2.3 Character
Stanford(2003:8) says, “Character is the fictional people who are part of the action of literary work.” The character can be construct the story in the novel. Shaw (1972:50) says, “Character also refers to moral qualities and ethical standards and principles. In literature, character has several other specific meanings notably that of a person represented in a story, novel, play, etc.”
“A story is usually concerned with a major problem that a character must face. This may involve interaction with another character, with a difficult situation, or with an idea or general circumstances that force action. The character may win, lose, or tie. He or she may learn and be the better for the experience or may miss the point and be unchanged.”(Robert and Jacob, 1993:53)
“In fiction, a character may defined as a verbal representation of human being. Through action, speech description, and commentary, authors portray characters that are worth caring about, rooting for, and even loving, although there are also characters you may laugh at, dislike, or even hate.”(Robert,1987:131)
There are two types of character like the British novelist and critic E.M. Foster (In Robert, 1987:133) distinguished chaaracters on the two major types “round and flat”.
Round Characters: The basic trait of round character is that they recognize, change, with, or adjust to circumstance. The round character-usually the main figure in a story-profits from experience and undergoes a change or alteration which may be shown in an action, the realization of new strength and therefore the affirmation of previous decision, the acceptance of a new condition, or the discovery of unrecognized truth.
Authors often use five ways to show theit characters. Remember that you must use your own knowledge aand experience to make judgment about the qualities of the characters being revealed .
1) Actions. Based on the ordinary human beings, fictional characters do not necessarily understand how they may be changing or why they do the things thay they do. Nevertheless, their actions express their characters. Action may also be the signal qualities such as weaakness, deceit, scheming personality, strong inner conflicts, or growth of some sort.
2) Description, both personal and environmental. Appearance and environmental reveal must be about a character’s social and economic status, of course but they also tell us more about character traits.
3) Dramatic statements and thoughts. Although the speeches of most characters are functional-essential to keep the story moving along, they provide material from which you can draw conclusion. Often, characters use speech to hide their motives we as readers should see through such a ploy.
4) Statements by other characters.by studying what characters say about each other, you can enchance you understanding of the character being disscussed. Ironically, the characters doing the talking often indicate something other than what they intend, perhaps because of prejudice, stupidity, or foolishness.
accurate and the authorial voice can be accpeted factually. However, when the authorial voice interprets actions and characteristics.
2.4 Intrinsic Approach
Instrinsic approach as a flat canvas when a critic wants to draw all his judgments and criticsms on what is in front of him. A critic of literature using intrinsic approach if judges a painting, he will be more interested in the colors, the size of painting, style of painter and color contrasts.
Wellek and Warren (1989:75) define, “Intrinsic approach based on the text and development structure in literary work.” Thus, the intrinsic approaach describes the elements of prose that pictured before. In intrinsic approach, the critic is mainly concerned with the form, language, style, symbols, images, contrasts, structure and development of plot in a literary work. Words on the page are of utmost important for him. Intrinsic approach is also called formalism as the critic’s basic interest is in the form of the text.
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Literature is generally accepted as a written realization of language. It is preserved and passed on through writing, and personal encounter with it is most often through reading what has been written. Literature is a vital record of what men have seen in life, what they have experienced of it, what they have thought and felt about those aspects of it. Fundamentally an expression of life through the medium of language, literature accordingly needs to be systematically studied. Taylor (1981:1) says, “Literature like other arts, is essentially an imaginative act, that is, an act of the writer’s imagination in selecting, ordering, and interpreting life experience.” Based on the statements, it means that literature is a kind of art that usually tells, dramatizes, analyzes, expresses the emotions, and advocates the ideas where the imagination of the author ordering the experience of life into written or oral composition by offers the pleasure. Robert (1987:1) says, “Literature refers to compositions that tell the stories, dramatize situations, expresses emotions, and analyze and advocate ideas.” It shows that literature as reflection of life. Literature, like the other arts, can give us new ways of looking at the world and finding significancewhich the daily use of language in its more commonplace way has concealed.
manners, and of the time in which is written. The romance, in lofty and elevated language, describes what never happened nor is likely to happen.”
The novel has a story of love and friendship. Friendship is a term that describes the behavior of cooperation and mutual support between two or more social entities. This article focuses on understanding the typical in interpersonal relationships. In this sense, the term "friendship" describes a relationship that involves knowledge, appreciation and affection. Companions will welcome the presence of each other and show loyalty to each other, often to altruism. their tastes are usually similar and might bump into each other, and they enjoy the activities they love. They will also engage in mutually helping behavior, such as someone's advice and mutual help in trouble. Best friend is the one who shows the behavior of the reciprocated and reflective. But for many, friendship is often nothing more than a belief that someone or something will not harm or hurt them. While, love is a feeling someone against its kind because of the attraction to something that is owned by its opponents (such as facial traits, and others). But the necessary understanding and mutual understanding to be able to continue the relationship, shall cover each other's flaws and want to accept his partner is, without coercion by one party. Share the love together and share their grief together.
who is isolated in her own mind. When she goes into a mental hospital, he promises to wait for her. Meanwhile, though, he falls in love with Midori, an open and uninhibited girl who represents life. Toru is filled with guilt when Naoko kills herself, but ultimately he calls out to Midori.
1.2 Problem of the Study
This paper is describing about the experiences of Friendship and Love Story in Norwegian Wood Novel. This writing is explaining about the loneliness of Toru Watanabe as the main character in this novel.
1.3 Scope of the Study
There are so many aspects in this novel that can be described, but the writer becomes more interested in describing friendship and love story in the novel. So, the scope of study is limited only describing them are pictured based on Norwegian Wood Novel.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The paper had the main significance. Firstly, I hope from this paper will give to the readers about the atmosphere of the main character in the novel “Norwegian Wood” and also the intrinsic elements. Secondly, I hope this paper will increase the knowledge about theory of the English Literature. Thirdly, to finish the partial fulfillment of the requrement for the Diploma III of English study program in University of North Sumatera.
1.5 Method of the Study
Method of Study’s Chart
The writer
Interprete and Analyze the
Quotation Select the Quotation
(data) Source of datas 1.Novel “Norwegian Wood”
2. Books 3. Internet
Read the Novel (data)
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Literature is generally accepted as a written realization of language. It is preserved and passed on through writing, and personal encounter with it is most often through reading what has been written. Literature is a vital record of what men have seen in life, what they have experienced of it, what they have thought and felt about those aspects of it. Fundamentally an expression of life through the medium of language, literature accordingly needs to be systematically studied. Taylor (1981:1) says, “Literature like other arts, is essentially an imaginative act, that is, an act of the writer’s imagination in selecting, ordering, and interpreting life experience.” Based on the statements, it means that literature is a kind of art that usually tells, dramatizes, analyzes, expresses the emotions, and advocates the ideas where the imagination of the author ordering the experience of life into written or oral composition by offers the pleasure. Robert (1987:1) says, “Literature refers to compositions that tell the stories, dramatize situations, expresses emotions, and analyze and advocate ideas.” It shows that literature as reflection of life. Literature, like the other arts, can give us new ways of looking at the world and finding significancewhich the daily use of language in its more commonplace way has concealed.
manners, and of the time in which is written. The romance, in lofty and elevated language, describes what never happened nor is likely to happen.”
The novel has a story of love and friendship. Friendship is a term that describes the behavior of cooperation and mutual support between two or more social entities. This article focuses on understanding the typical in interpersonal relationships. In this sense, the term "friendship" describes a relationship that involves knowledge, appreciation and affection. Companions will welcome the presence of each other and show loyalty to each other, often to altruism. their tastes are usually similar and might bump into each other, and they enjoy the activities they love. They will also engage in mutually helping behavior, such as someone's advice and mutual help in trouble. Best friend is the one who shows the behavior of the reciprocated and reflective. But for many, friendship is often nothing more than a belief that someone or something will not harm or hurt them. While, love is a feeling someone against its kind because of the attraction to something that is owned by its opponents (such as facial traits, and others). But the necessary understanding and mutual understanding to be able to continue the relationship, shall cover each other's flaws and want to accept his partner is, without coercion by one party. Share the love together and share their grief together.
who is isolated in her own mind. When she goes into a mental hospital, he promises to wait for her. Meanwhile, though, he falls in love with Midori, an open and uninhibited girl who represents life. Toru is filled with guilt when Naoko kills herself, but ultimately he calls out to Midori.
1.2 Problem of the Study
This paper is describing about the experiences of Friendship and Love Story in Norwegian Wood Novel. This writing is explaining about the loneliness of Toru Watanabe as the main character in this novel.
1.3 Scope of the Study
There are so many aspects in this novel that can be described, but the writer becomes more interested in describing friendship and love story in the novel. So, the scope of study is limited only describing them are pictured based on Norwegian Wood Novel.
1.4 Significance of the Study
The paper had the main significance. Firstly, I hope from this paper will give to the readers about the atmosphere of the main character in the novel “Norwegian Wood” and also the intrinsic elements. Secondly, I hope this paper will increase the knowledge about theory of the English Literature. Thirdly, to finish the partial fulfillment of the requrement for the Diploma III of English study program in University of North Sumatera.
1.5 Method of the Study
Method of Study’s Chart
The writer
Interprete and Analyze the
Quotation Select the Quotation
(data) Source of datas 1.Novel “Norwegian Wood”
2. Books 3. Internet
Read the Novel (data)
ABSTRAK
ABSRACT
FRIENDSHIP AND LOVE STORY PORTRAYED IN HARUKI
MURAKAMI’S NOVEL “NORWEGIAN WOOD”
A PAPER
BY
ANGGI ROSALINA SIMATUPANG
REG. NO. 122202052
DIPLOMA – III ENGLISH STUDY PROGRAM
FACULTY OF CULTURE STUDY
UNIVERSITY OF NORTH SUMATERA
MEDAN
Approved by Supervisor,
NIP. 19570720198303 2 001
Dra. Siti Norma Nasution, M.Hum.
Submitted to Faculty of Cultures Studies, University of North Sumatera In partial fulfillment of the requirements for DIPLOMA (D-III) in English
Approved by
Head of Diploma III English Study Program,
NIP. 19521126198112 1 001
Dr. Matius C.A. Sembirring, M.A.
Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the D-III Examination of the Diploma III English Study Program, Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera.
The examination is held on July 2015
Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera
Dean,
NIP. 19511013197603 1 001 Dr. Syahron Lubis, M.A.
Board of Examiners
Signature
1. Dr. Matius C.A. Sembirring, M.A. (Head of ESP) __________
2. Dra. Siti Norma Nasution, M.Hum. (Supervisor) __________
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION
I am, ANGGI ROSALINA SIMATUPANG, declare that I am the sole author of this paper. Except where reference is made in the text of this paper, this paper contains no material published elsewhere extracted in whole or in part from a paper by which I have qualified for or awarded another degree.
No other person’s work has been ussed without due acknowledgement in the main text of this paper. This paper has not been submitted for the award of another degree in any tertiary education.
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION
Name : ANGGI ROSALINA SIMATUPANG
Title of Paper : Friendship and Love Story Portrayed in Haruki Murakami’s Novel “Norwegian Wood”
Qualification : D-III / Ahli Madya Study Program : English
1. I am willing that my paper should be available for reproduction at the discretion of the Liberatarian of the Diploma III English Study Program Faculty Of Culture Studies USU on the understanding that users are made aware of their obligation under law of the Republic of Indonesia.
2. I am not willing that my papers be made available for reproduction.
ABSTRAK
ABSRACT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all and foremost, I would like to express my gratitude, tribute, and honor to the Almighty Allah SWT and prophet Muhammad SAW, for blessing and giving me strength, health, and wisdom to finish this paper in order to get a Diploma III from English Department Faculty of Culture Studies, University of North Sumatera.
Then, I would like to express a deep gratitude and appreciation the dean Faculty of Culture Studies, Drs. Syahron Lubis, M.A and the head of Diploma III English Study Program, Dr. Matius C.A Sembiring, M.A. I also wish to thank all of the lectures in English Diploma Study Program for giving me the instruction, tuition, and knowledge especially to Dra. Siti Norma Nasution, M.Hum as my supervisor and Drs. Bahagia Tarigan, M.A. as my reader.
I would like to say thank to my lovely family especially to my parents, my father Syaprizal Simatupang and my beloved mother Cahaya Aritonang who always praying for me since I was child until now, and thanks to my beloved sister and brothers (Shanas Saskia Simatupang and Aditya Simatupang) thank you so much for your kindness and care. Thanks for all that you have given to me.
I also do not forget to express sincere thanks to my special one, Amri Adi Siregar. Thank you for your love, care, support, and mind that you have given to me especially in writing this paper.
(VGBF Medan), Thanks for all your kindness and care. We have spending much time and I will remind that all time with you’re all.
Finally, I do realize this paper is still not perfect. I hope for the readers who read this paper will give the contribution in term of critics, suggestion, and etc. Hopefully, this paper wil give inspire for the Junior of D-III English Study Program to explore more topic that I have analyzed.
Medan, 2015
The Writer
TABLE OF CONTENTS
AUTHOR’S DECLARATION………. i
COPYRIGHT DECLARATION………. ii
ABSTRAK……… iii
2. EXPLANATION OF THE TERMS 2.1 Novel………... 5
2.2 Character……….... 9
2.3 Intrinsic Approach………. 12
3. NORWEGIAN WOOD NOVEL 3.1 Friendship Story………. 13
3.2 Love Story………. 17 A. Biography of Haruki Murakami……… 30
