Yuli Rachmawati, 2015
AN ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL THINKING ASPECTS IN STUDENTS’ DISCUSSION TEXTS
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF APPENDICES ... ix
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1
1.1. Background ... 1
1.2. Statements of problem ... 3
1.3. Aims of the study ... 3
1.4. Scope of the study ... 3
1.5. Significance of the study ... 4
1.6. Clarification of terms ... 4
1.7. Organization of the paper ... 5
BAB II THEORETICAL FOUNDATION ... 6
2.1. The concept of critical thinking ... 6
2.2. Critical thinking aspects ... 8
2.2.1 Critical thinking elements ... 9
2.2.1.1 Issue ... 9
2.2.1.2 Argument ... 13
2.2.1.3 Reason ... 15
2.2.1.4 Fact ... 17
2.2.1.5 Opinion ... 18
2.2.1.6 Conclusion ... 20
2.2.2 Critical thinking dispositions ... 21
2.2.2.1 Attempt to take a position ... 22
2.2.2.2 Attempt to be well-informed ... 24
2.2.2.3 Attempt to be precise ... 26
2.2.2.4 Attempt to be relevant ... 27
2.2.2.5 Attempt to be open-minded ... 28
2.2.3 Critical thinking abilities ... 30
2.2.3.1 Recognize assumptions ... 31
2.2.3.2 Evaluate arguments ... 31
2.2.3.3 Draw conclusions ... 32
2.2.4 Summary of critical thinking aspects ... 33
Yuli Rachmawati, 2015
AN ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL THINKING ASPECTS IN STUDENTS’ DISCUSSION TEXTS
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.4. Discussion text and its relation to critical thinking ... 34
2.5. Writing process ... 37
2.6. Teaching critical thinking ... 40
2.7. Previous related studies ... 44
2.8. Concluding remark ... 46
BAB III METHODOLOGY ... 47
3.1. Research design ... 47
3.2 Research site and participants ... 47
3.3. Data collection procedure ... 48
3.4. Data analysis ... 50
3.5. Conclusion ... 52
BAB IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 53
4.1. Critical Thinking Aspects Reflected in Students’ Discussion Texts .. 53
4.1.1 Analysis of Critical Thinking Aspects Reflected in the Students’ Texts ... 53
4.1.1.1. Analysis of Text 4.1 ... 54
4.1.1.1.1. The Issue of Text 4.1 ... 57
4.1.1.1.2. The Arguments For and Against of Text 4.1 ... 59
4.1.1.1.3. The Conclusion of Text 4.1 ... 66
4.1.1.1.4. Summary of Analysis of Text 4.1 ... 68
4.1.1.2. Analysis of Text 4.2 ... 69
4.1.1.2.1. The Issue of Text 4.2 ... 72
4.1.1.2.2. The Arguments For and Against of Text 4.2 ... 73
4.1.1.2.3. The Conclusion of Text 4.2 ... 77
4.1.1.2.4. Summary of Analysis of Text 4.2 ... 78
4.1.1.3. Analysis of Text 4.3 ... 79
4.1.1.3.1. The Issue of Text 4.3 ... 80
4.1.1.3.2. The Arguments For and Against of Text 4.3 ... 81
4.1.1.3.3. The Conclusion of Text 4.3 ... 83
4.1.1.3.4. Summary of Analysis of Text 4.3 ... 84
4.1.1.4. Summary of Textual Analysis of Text 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3... 85
4.1.2. Discussion of Interview Data on Critical Thinking Aspects Reflected in the Students’ Texts ... 85
4.1.2.1. Critical Thinking Elements from Interview Data ... 86
4.1.2.1. Critical Thinking Dispositions from Interview Data ... 89
Yuli Rachmawati, 2015
AN ANALYSIS OF CRITICAL THINKING ASPECTS IN STUDENTS’ DISCUSSION TEXTS
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
to Students’Critical Thinking Aspects in Students’ Opinion ... 92
4.2.1. Prewriting Stage ... 93
4.2.1. Drafting Stage ... 98
4.2.1. Rereading Stage ... 101
4.2.1. Peer-revision Stage ... 102
4.2.1. Self-revision Stage ... 103
4.2.1. Writing the final draft Stage... 104
4.3. Conclusion ... 104
BAB V CONCLUSIONS, LIMITATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ... 105
5.1. Conclusions ... 105
5.2. Limitations ... 106
5.3. Recommendations ... 107
REFERENCES ... 110
