International Journal on Advanced Science,
Engineering and Information Technology
International Journal on Advanced Science, Engineering and
Information Technology (IJASEIT) is an international
peer-reviewed journal dedicated to interchange for the results of
high quality research in all aspect of science, engineering and
information technology. The journal publishes state-of-art
papers in fundamental theory, experiments and simulation, as
well as applications, with a systematic proposed method,
sufficient review on previous works, expanded discussion and
concise conclusion. As our commitment to the advancement
of science and technology, the IJASEIT follows the open
access policy that allows the published articles freely available
online without any subscription.
Scope
The journal scopes include (but not limited to) the followings:
Science: Bioscience & Biotechnology. Chemistry & Food
Technology, Environmental, Mathematics & Statistics,
Applied Physics
Engineering: Architecture, Chemical & Process, Civil &
structural, Electrical, Electronic & Systems, Geological &
Mining Engineering, Mechanical & Materials
Information Science & Technology: Artificial Intelligence,
Computer Science, E-Learning & Multimedia, Information
System, Internet & Mobile Computing
Frequency: 6 issues per year DOI: 10.18517/ijaseit
Editorial Team
Editor in Chief :
Sri Atmaja Putra, (Scopus ID: 26321207400), Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta University,
INDONESIA
Associate Editors :
Taufik, (Scopus ID: 23670809800), California Polytechnic State University, USA
Moustafa M Eissa, (Scopus ID: 35581693900), Helwan University, EGYPT
Wan Mohtar Wan Yusoff, (Scopus ID: 15019967700), Univ. Kebangsaan Malaysia,
MALAYSIA
Halimah Badioze Zaman, (Scopus ID: 25825801600), Univ. Kebangsaan Malaysia, MALAYSIA
Son Radu, (Scopus ID: 7005251005), Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia, MALAYSIA
Mohd Razi Ismail, (Scopus ID: 25957691400), Universiti Putra Malaysia, MALAYSIA
Takashi Oku, (Scopus ID: 56275094900), Prefectural University of Hiroshima, JAPAN
Kohei Nakano, (Scopus ID: 7402011766), Gifu University, JAPAN
Nurul Huda, (Scopus ID: 6701695514), Universiti Sains Malaysia, MALAYSIA
Yandra Arkeman, (Scopus ID: 55946558300), Bogor Agriculture University, INDONESIA
Sate Sampattagul, (Scopus ID: 7801640861), Chiangmai University, THAILAND
Peeyush Soni, (Scopus ID: 9248907800), Asian Institute of Technology, THAILAND
Yolanda Lechon Perez, (Scopus ID: 6602826000), Ciemat, Madrid, SPAIN
Nguyen Hay , (Scopus ID: 15834645900) Nong Lam University. VIETNAM
Novizar Nazir, (Scopus ID: 35503777500) Andalas University/SAFE NETWORK, INDONESIA
Rita Muhamad Awang, (Scopus ID: 55957782400), Universiti Putra Malaysia, MALAYSIA
Anton S Prabuwono, (Scopus ID: 18134309800), King Abdulaziz Univ, SAUDI ARABIA
P Mangala C S De Silva, (Scopus ID: 7006461145), University of Ruhuna, SRI LANKA
Bich Huy Nguyen, (Scopus ID: 36191086100), Nong Lam University, VIETNAM
Paul Kristiansen, (Scopus ID: 23097563600), University of New England, AUSTRALIA
Amitava Basu, (Scopus ID: 21833738300), Bidhan Chandra Krishi Vidyalaya, INDIA
Haitham Alali, (Scopus ID: 49963007000), Amman Arab University, JORDAN
Tutut Herawan, (Scopus ID: 35085139400), University of Malaya, MALAYSIA
Managing Editor :
Rahmat Hidayat, Polytechnics State of Padang, INDONESIA
Editors :
Ifa Puspasari, (Scopus ID: 55180322800), National University of Malaysia - MALAYSIA
Ario Betha Juansilfero, Kobe University, JAPAN
Slamet Riyadi, (Scopus ID: 6503991450), Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta University -
INDONESIA
Gusri Yaldi, (Scopus ID: 55359203100), Polytechnics State of Padang, INDONESIA
Abrar Ismardi, (Scopus ID: 26633102900), Telkom University - INDONESIA
Vol. 6 (2016) No. 1
Articles
Carbon Sequestration by Glomeral Fungi in Soil Is Influenced by Phosphorus and
Nitrogen Fertilization
N. Aliasgharzad, Z. Afshari, N. Najafi
pages: 1-5
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.588
Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) Early Growth in Response to Al Stress: In Search
for Al-tolerant Sorghum Genotypes
Irawati Chaniago, Sutoyo Sutoyo, Aries Kusumawaty, Irfan Suliansyah, Rizki A. Siregar
pages: 6-9
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.597
Early Performance of Duong Mandarin (Citrus reticulata Blanco) on Three Rootstock
under Acid Sulfate Soil Fields at Mekong Delta of Vietnam
Khoe Thi Le
pages: 10-15
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.645
Crosslinking of Kapok Cellulose Fiber via Azide Alkyne Click Chemistry as a New
Material for Filtering System: A Preliminary Study
Nur Syazwani Abd Rahman, Baharin Azahari, Mohd Firdaus Yhaya, Wan Ruslan Ismail
pages: 16-19
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.616
The Effect of Microwave-NaOH Pretreatment and Hydrolysis Enzyme Using Trichoderma
reesei-Aspergillus niger on Rice Straw Bioethanol Production
Bambang Dwi Argo, Yusuf Hendrawan, Dewi Maya Maharani, Angky Wahyu Putranto, Sri
Winarsih
pages: 20-26
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.661
The Comparison of Olsen, DMT-HFO and DGT Methods for Assessment of Plant
Available Phosphorus in Soils
Saber Heidari, Adel Reyhanitabar, Shahin Oustan
pages: 27-34
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.648
Renny Eka Putri, azmi yahya, Nor Mariah Adam, Samsuzana Abd Aziz
pages: 35-39
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.612
Saccharification Waste Biomass Rice Straw IR-64 by Using Xylanase from Indigenous
Marine Bacteria Bacillus safensis LBF-002
Apridah Cameliawati Djohan, Urip Perwitasari, Yopi Yopi
pages: 40-44
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.558
Machine Vision Optimization using Nature-Inspired Algorithms to Model Sunagoke Moss
Water Status
Yusuf Hendrawan, Dimas Firmanda Al Riza
pages: 45-57
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.523
Developing The Solar Tracking System for Trough Solar Concentrator
Nguyen Huy Bich, Bui Tuan Anh
pages: 58-60
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.651
Effect of Microwave Heating on Potato and Tapioca Starches in Water Suspension
Nurul Nadiah Ismail, U. Uthumporn, Z. A. Syahariza
pages: 61-68
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.535
Polyphenol Content and Antioxidant Capacity of Herbal Tea from Vietnamese Water
Hyssop (Bacopa monnieri)
Phan-Tai Huan, Nguyen Thi Mai Hong
pages: 69-73
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.649
Characterization of Different Parts of Oil Palm Fronds (Elaeis Guineensis) and Its
Properties
Noor Afeefah Nordin, Othman Sulaiman, Rokiah Hashim, Mohamad Haafiz Mohamad Kassim
pages: 74-76
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.643
Selection of Avocado Plants Based on Fruit Characters, Fat Content, and Continual
Harvest along The Year in West Java-Indonesia
Reni Lestari, Lazarus Agus Sukamto, Popi Aprilianti, Sri Wahyuni, Winda Utami Putri
pages: 77-83
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.621
Rina Yenrina, Deivy Andhika Permata, Dini Rasjmida, Rahmal Tayandi
pages: 84-87
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.674
Development of Green Banana (Musa paradisiaca) as Potential Food Packaging Films and
Coatings
Nur Hanani Z. A., Abdullah S
pages: 88-91
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.673
Introduction Technology of Cropping Calendar-Information System (CC-IS) for Rice
Farming as A Climate Change Adaptation in Indonesia
Astrina Yulianti, Enti Sirnawati, Amalia Ulpah
pages: 92-96
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.659
Evaluation of Land Use Change in The District Dhamasraya
Edwin Anas, Yuzirwan Yuzirwan
pages: 97-103
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.619
The Relationship of Food Consumption and Nutritional Status on Employee of Health
Polytechnic Directorate Health Ministry Medan
Evawany Aritonang, Emi Inayah Sari Siregar, Ernawati Nasution
pages: 104-106
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.663
Detection Combustion Data Pattern on Gasoline Fuel Motorcycle with Carburetor System
Andrizal Andrizal, Budhi Bakhtiar, Rivanol Chadry
pages: 107-111
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.618
The Use of Solar Cell in Ground Water Irrigation to Support Agricultural Cultivation in
Rainfed Field
Delvi Yanti
pages: 112-115
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.677
Boiler Retrofit for the Utilization of Biodiesel
Leily Nurul Komariah, Marwani Marwani
pages: 116-119
Full text
DOI:10.18517/ijaseit.6.1.679
Temperature Distribution of Biodiesel Blends Combustion in Boiler using CFD-Fluent
Vol.6 (2016) No. 1
ISSN: 2088-5334
The Relationship of Food Consumption and Nutritional Status on
Employee of Health Polytechnic Directorate Health Ministry Medan
Evawany Aritonang
#, Emi Inayah Sari Siregar
*and Ernawati Nasution
## Community Nutrition Department, University of Sumatera Utara, Medan, 20155, Indonesia E-mail: evawany@gmail.com; nasutionernawati38@yahoo.com
* Health Polytechnic Directorate Health Ministry of Medan, Indonesia E-mail: nayaega@yahoo.com
Abstract— The increasing prevalence of overweight can be seen from the people who are overweight and obesity. North Sumatera is one of the provinces which has the higher prevalence of overweight and obesity than the national rate at 13% and 18.1%. One of the factors associated with overweight and obesity is food consumption. Poor dietary habbit, which is low in fiber and high in fat, can lead to weight gain. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of dietary habbit to nutritional status. The research used cross sectional design. The sample were 70 employee of Health Polytechnic Directorate, Health Ministry of Medan and taken by using total sampling technique. The measured factors were carbohydrate and fat intake, the type of food and nutritional status. The data were obtained based on the interviews using food recall, FFQ and questionnaires and measurement of IMT. Data were analyzed using chi square test. The results showed that there was a relationship between the adequate intake of carbohydrates (p = <0.001) and adequate intake of fat (p = 0.022) to nutritional status while the type of food consumed does not show relationship to nutritional status. It is recommended that The Management of Health Polytechnic Directorate, Health Ministry, Medan to do concealing, make policy and supervision to carry out continous sport, provide sports facilities which can be used by all employee to resolve the incident of overweight and obesity.
Keywords— carbohydrate intake; fat intake; type of food; nutritional status
I. INTRODUCTION
Nutritional status is an important factor in determining the health status because it can describe a balance between the emergence of degenerative diseases which are prevalent in developed and developing countries.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO) data, there are more than 1.9 billion adults aged > 18 years suffer of overweight [1]. Based on data from Indonesia Health overweight (13.0%) and obese (18.1%). From the data above shows that the rate of overweight and obesity in North Sumatera beyond the national prevalence of overweight and
obesity. Meanwhile, Medan as the capital of North Sumatera had a prevalence of overweight higher than the national prevalence, the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 15% and 23.8% [2]. This indicates that the North Sumatera, particularly Medan is still dominated by over nutritional problems.
Nutritional status caused by several factors affecting directly or indirectly. Dietary habbit is directly affect nutritional status. Dietary habbit as one of the indicators of lifestyle, have influence on nutritional status in Indonesia. Poor dietary habbit, which is low in fiber and high in fat consumption, can lead to weight gain. Some research also suggests that poor dietary habbit influence over nutritional status [3],[4].
Based on Indonesia Health Research data 2013, residents who work as employees undergo over nutritional problems in the form of overweight 13,7% and 17.1% obese. Employee considered less implementing a healthy diet, it appears that the employee is a profession that eating more fatty foods (49.6%) than other professions. Based on the initial survey conducted in February 2015, of the 74
employees, 20% were obese, 34% were overweight and 46% had normal weight.
II. MATERIALS AND METHODS
The research was cross sectional study to determine the relationship of food consumption and nutritional status on employee of Health Polytechnic Directorate, Health Ministry Medan. Food consumption consist of carbohydrate and fat intake and type of food consumed. The sample in this study were all employees in Health Polytechnic Directorate, Health Ministry Medan as many as 74 people. Criteria of sample were not in a state of pregnancy, lactation, and sickness.
The primary data collected by interviews and BMI measurements. Carbohydrate and fat intake were collected by direct interviews using 24-hour food recall method, food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). 24-hour food recall was done two days not consecutively.
III.RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Respondents in this study were all employees of Health Polytechnic Directorate, Health Ministry of Medan. During research there were 4 respondents who drop out, because the conditions of pregnant, sick and lactation, thus the total sample was 70 people.
Directorate employee characteristics by age most are in the age group 30-49 years as many as 42 people (60.0%) and less in the age group <30 years as many as 11 people (15.7%). In the group based on gender, the majority of employees are female as many as 49 people (70.0%) and the rest of are male.
The amount of food intake was calculated based on the amount of adequate intake of carbohydrates and fats consumed. Statistical test results can be seen in the table 1.
TABLE I
THE RELATIONSHIP OF ADEQUATE NUTRIENT INTAKE AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS ON EMPLOYEE OF HEALTH
POLYTECHNIC DIRECTORATE, HEALTH MINISTRY MEDAN
No Adequacy
Adequate Intake of Fat
Over
Based on the table 1, the majority of employees who have sufficient carbohydrates are employees with over nutrition, as many as 18 people (25.7%) while the majority of employees who have sufficient levels of normal carbohydrates intake are employees of normal nutritional status, as many as 32 people (45.7%). Statistical analysis showed that the value of p <0.001 <0.05 means that there was a significant correlation between adequate intake of carbohydrates with nutritional status of employees.
Employees with adequate intake of excess fat was generally dominated by over nutritional status of employees as many as 16 people (22.9%), while employees have the normal adequate intake of fats was dominated by normal nutritional status as many as 28 people (40.0%). Statistical test results obtained p value = 0.022 <0.05, so it can be interpreted that there was a significant relationship between the adequacy of fat intake with nutritional status of employees.
According to the research, all employees admitted often eat foods derived from carbohydrates and fats. Food sources of carbohydrates are most often consumed respondent is rice. Rice is the most commonly consumed foods with a frequency between 1-3 times / day.
The high intake of carbohydrates and fats could body in the form of glicogen [5].
Results of research above were supported by some research. Research shows there was a relationship between the consumption of foods with nutritional status of students Post graduate of the Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia 2006 [3]. Research conducted among adults in District of Kuningan also said the same thing. A diet with excessive and unbalanced intake will affect the occurrence of overweight and obesity [4]. Research on employee of nutrition services unit in St. Carolus Hospital, Jakarta and the religious leaders in the city of Manado also said the same thing. There was a significant relationship between diet and the incidence of overweight and obesity [6],[7]
Research on the influence of diet on nutritional status were carried out abroad also showed similar results. Research shows that the intake of high fat foods affect weight gain in Australia [8]. The results of Bertone, et al in the United States also shows that poor diet associated with the occurrence of obesity [9][10].
Type of food seen in this study was the type of arrangement eaten in a menu/day categorized as complete and incomplete. Statistical test results to the type of food consumed by employees can be seen in Table 2.
TABLE II
RELATIONSHIP OF TYPE OF FOOD AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS ON EMPLOYEE OF HEALTH POLYTECHNIC DIRECTORATE, HEALTH MINISTRY MEDAN
No Type of Food
Nutritional Status
Total
p
Over Nutritional Normal Nutritional
n % n % n % status consume complete food. Employees with normal nutritional status consume more complete food as many as 25 people (35.7%), and incomplete food as many as 10 people (14.3%). Results of statistical tests on the data, the p value = 0.138 > 0.05 means that there was no significant relationship between the type of food with the nutritional status of employees.
Employees with over nutritional status who consume incomplete food claimed less like vegetables and fruit, so that consumption of fiber is low. The function of vegetables and fruits as regulators of body metabolism. The incomplete food only consisted of the staple food and side dishes without balanced with fruit and vegetable consumption, are likely to increase the incidence of over nutrition. Food consumed must contain the necessary nutrients such as carbohydrate, protein, fat, vitamin and mineral. These nutrients can be obtained from the complete menu.
Over nutrition can still occur even if the food consumed contains enough fiber. This can be seen from the employee who consume complete food get over nutritional status as many as 27.1%. If the lack of physical activity, excessive food intake, the fat-burning process was interrupted, and accumulate in the body will trigger weight gain becomes to over nutritional.
IV.CONCLUSIONS
There was a relationship between the adequate intake of carbohydrates and fats in the nutritional status of employees while for the type of food is not related to the nutritional status of employees. Implementing of education about the importance of a healthy lifestyle in preventing overweight, which is conducted through lectures, meetings and monthly
meetings. Leader create a policy and supervision to implement the joint exercise. Sports activities carried out in a sustainable manner and involving all employees. Leaders of the Directorate is also expected to provide sports facilities that can be used by employees in their spare time.
REFERENCES
[1] World Health Organization, 2015. Obesity and Overweight, access
in 3 Februari 2015. www.who.int.
[2] The Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2013. Basic Health Research in Figure, Health Research Centre Jakarta
[3] Salampessy, Harry. 2007. The relationship between food
consumption and Other Factors with Nutritional Status of Graduate Students in Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia. 2006. Thesis. Graduate School of Public Health Sciences Faculty of Public Health, University of Indonesia
[4] Wijaya, Dodi. 2007. Factors Associated with Nutritional Status in
Adults in Kuningan District 2006 (Secondary Data Analysis), Thesis. Community Nutrition Consentration. School of Public Health. University of Indonesia
[5] CDC 2012 Overweight and Obesity, accessed January 30, 2015.
www.cdc.gov
[6] Hutajulu, Herlin Mey Sartika. 2012. Relationship food intake and
Other Factors to Obesity Based on Employee Percent Body Fat Nutrition Services Unit PKSC Jakarta in 2012. Thesis. Public Health Nutrition Consentration. School of Public Health, University of Indonesia
[7] Harikedia, Vera, Tando, Naomi. 2012. Physical Activity and Obesity
Diet with the religious leaders in the city of Manado, Gizido Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, 5-12
[8] Wadden, Thomas, A., Brownell, Kelly, D., Foster, Gary, D. 2002.
Obesity: Responding to the Global Epidemic, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, Vol. 70 (3), 510-525
[9] Bertone, Elizabeth, Ma, Yonshung, Read, George. 2003. Association
Between Obesity and Eating Patterns in A Free Living US Adult Population, American Journal of Epidemiology, 158 (1), 85-92
[10] Almatsier, Sunita. 2005. Basic Principles of Nutritional Sciences,
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