23 CHAPTER III
METHODS
1.1. Population and Sample Selection
The population of this study were all undergraduate students in Faculty of Business and Economics Satya Wacana Christian University (FEB SWCU). The total population was 1095 students and to obtain the data required, the convenient sampling was employed in this study. The total number of the answered questionnaires used in this study were 200, appropriate to be analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM).
1.2. Measurement
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acceptance and money retention. There were eleven questions in the first section and fourteen questions in the second section.
[image:2.516.69.449.181.656.2]The Likert Scale was employed in this study. The scale was divided into five: strongly disagree with 1 point, disagree with 2 point, neutral with 3 point, agree with 4 point, and strongly agree with 5 point. Here in the following table was pointed out the concept and indicators employed in questionnaires. While the indicators of CBB, peer acceptance, and money retention were adopted from previous studies, this study proposed a conceptual definition of borrowing habit and four indicators to measure the concept. Pocket money was divided into five categories in the first section of the questionnaire: <500,000; 500,000-950,000; 1,000,000-1,450,000; 1,500,000-1,950.000; and >2.000.000. In the end, this five categories of pocket money also managed using 5 point of Likert Scale, from very low (<500,000) to very high (>2,000,000).
Table 3.1.
Concepts and Indicators
Concept Definition Indicator
CBB excessive shopping
cognitions and buying behavior that leads to
distress or
impairment.
1.I often have a strong urge and spontaneous desire to go and buy something. 2.I find it isn’t hard to restrain
my self not to shop. * 3.I often buy products that I
do not need.
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of facing the stress (Valence et al.,1988)
Peer Acceptance the effort an individual make in order to be accepted by his peers
1.I use trendy products. 2.I use high quality products
in order to be accepted by my friends.
3.I often follow my friends to buy produts.
4.I like to use products that are also favored by my friends.
(Bearden et al., 1989)
Money Retention
The degree to which a person is being careful with money.
1.I don’t spend money easily. 2.I am capable of managing
my pocket money so that I seldom get lack of money. 3.In times when I have extra
money, I save it.
4.I know exactly how much money I spend everyday. (Yamauchi & Templer, 1982) Borrowing
Habit
the tendency to borrow money from others.
1. For me, borrowing money is the easiest way to get money when I need it. 2. I will think carefully before
deciding to borrow money. *
3. I try as much as possible not to borrow money. * 4. I am not used to borrow
money when I need it. *
1.3. Data Collection
The following steps were done to collect the data. The first step was to distribute the questionnaires to the students in three classes with the permission of the lecturer and lecturer’s assistant. Almost 180 questionnaires
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distributed in the lobby of FEB to the students who were waiting for classes also by the help of some friends to be distributed to their classmates.
1.4. Analysis Technique
To analyze and test the hypotheses, SEM was employed with help of Amos software as the tool of analysis. Since there were three hypotheses to test the mediating role of CBB, therefore there also some further analysis to be done to test the mediating role of CBB. Hair et al. (2009) noted that
