COMMUSTUDE Communication Strategies used by Male and Female Students in Speaking Class: Comparative Study in Muhamadiyah University of Surakarta.

COMMU STUDE M Submi Fulfillmen M UNICATIO ENTS IN SP MUHAMM

itted to Post nt of the Req

Muh POSTGR MUHAMM ON STRATE PEAKING MADIYAH U

t Graduate P quirement f hammadiya DIAN LAI S RADUATE MADIYAH U i EGIES USE CLASS: CO UNIVERSIT THESIS

Program of L for the Maste ah University By: ILA ROHM S200140077 PROGRAM UNIVERSIT 2016

ED BY MAL OMPARAT TY OF SUR

Language S er Degree in y of Surakar

MAWATI

M OF LANG TY OF SUR

LE AND FE TIVE STUD RAKARTA

NOTE OT'ADYISOR

1

Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum

The Lectuer of Magister of Language Study Post Graduate Program Muhammadiyah University of Sumkarta

Official Note on Dian Laila R's Thesis Dear,

The

Director

of

Graduate

Program

of

Magister

of

Language

Study

of

Muhammadiyah University of Surakafia

Assalamu'alaikum Wr. Wb.

Having read, examined, corected, and necessarily revised the thesis of: Name

NIM

Program Focus on

Title

Dian Laila Rohmawati

s200140077

Magister of Language Study Teaching Approach

;

COMMTJNICATION STRATEGMS USED

BY

MALE AND

FEMALE

STUDENTS

IN

SPEAKING

CLASS:

COMPARATIVE

STI]DY IN

MUHAMMADIYAH

LINWERSITY OF SURAKARTA

I state that this thesis is approved to be examined by the board of exarniners

in

the Magister of Language Study of Muhzrmmadiyah University of Surakarta. Wassalamu'alaikum, wr.wb

Surakarta, October 13, 2016 Advisor

I

NOTE

OFADVISORII

MaulyHalwatH.,

Ph.D

The Lecturer of Magister of Language Study Post Graduate Program Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta

Official Note on Dian Laila R's Thesis Dear,

The

Director

of

Graduate

Program

of

Magister

of

Language

Study

of

Muhammadiyah Univenity of Surakarta

Assalamu'alaikum Wr. Wb.

Having read examined, corrected, and necessarily revised the thesis of: Name

NIM

Program Focus on

Dian Laila Rohmawati

s200r40077

Magister of Language Study Teaching Approach

Title

:

COMMUMCATION

STRATEGIES USED

BY

MALE AND

I

TPUATE

STUDENTS

IN

SPEAKING

CLASS:

.

COMPARATTVE

STUDY

IN

MUHAMMADIYAH

UNTVERSITY OF SURAKARTA

I state that this thesis is approved to be examined by the board of exarniners

in

the Magister of Language Study of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta Wassalamu'alaikum, wr.wb

Surakart4 October 13, 2016

Second Advisor

t

I

APPROVAL

O['THESIS

FOR SUBMISSION

COMMT]NICATION STRATEGIES USED BY

MALE

AND

FEMALE

STUDENTS IN SPEAKING CLASS:

COMPARATIVE

STT]DY IN

MUIIAMMADIYAH

UIIIVERSITY

OF ST]RAKARTA

Submitted by Dian

Laila

Rohmawati

Has been examined by the board of examine..

o,

18th October 2016.

All

feedback, corrections, and suggestions recommended by the examiners have been considered and

revision has been accordingly made by the student.

The boards of examiners certify that the thesis is eligible for submission.

I

DECLARATION

I

am of the writer

ofthe

thesis:

Name

: Dian Laila Rohmawati

Ntrtl

:5200140077

Program

: Magister of Language Study Focus

on

: Teaching Approach

TitIC

:

COMMUNICATION

STRATEGIES USED

BY

MALE AND

FEMALE

STUDENTS

IN

SPEAKING

CLASS:

COMPARATTVE

STI.IDY

IN

MUIIAMMADIYAH

UNWERSITY OF SI]RAKARTA

Certiff

that this thesis is definitely my own work. I am completely responsible

for

its content I absolutly state that this thesis is not plagiarism or made by someone else. The other works related to this thesis have been written in the form

of

quotations. The sources of this thesis have been listed in the

bibliogaphy.

Surakartq October 13, 201 6

vi 

 

MOTTO

Allah does not charge a soul except [with that within] its capacity. (Al-Baqarah: 286)

vii 

 

DEDICATION

This thesis is dedicated to:

My beloved Mom and Dad, thanksfor your endless love, prayer, support and all of your affection that make me be optimistic to follow my life.

My beloved husband and little beautiful daughter, you are my spirit. Let‘s struggle to go out from the circle, every cloud has silver.

viii 

 

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

First of all, the researcher would like to say Alhamdulillahi rabbil‘alamin, Praise be to Allah SWT the Great Creator of the universe, the Most Gracious and the Most Merciful, just cause of the Almighty the researcher has been able to finish this thesis and only with his blessing this thesis can be accomplished. And invocation and peace may always be upon the holy prophet Muhammad SAW, may peace and blessing of Allah be awarded to him, his family and his companions. Amiien.

The researcher is sure that this thesis will not be complete without the help of the other. Her special gratitude and appreciation go to Prof.Dr. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum as the first consultant who has given a lot of help during the process and finishing this thesis andMauly Halwat H., Ph.D as the second consultant who has given a lot of guidance and encouragement, and also helped in correcting the grammar from the beginning until the completion of the thesis.

The researcher would like to express the deepest appreciation for all those who have given their hands to finish my graduating thesis. My thanks go to the following persons:

1. Prof. Dr. Khudzaifah Dimyati, SH, M.Hum, as the rector of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta;

2. Prof. Dr. Markhamah, M.Hum, the Head of Language Study Department; 3. Prof. Dr. Endang Fauziati, M. Hum., the first consultant, who gives

guidance, lot of knowledge, and criticism during the study conducted. 4. Mauly Halwat H.,Ph.D, the second consultant, who gives guidance, great

advice, and criticism during the study conducted.

5. All of the lecturers and the staffs of Magister of English Language Program of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta for all their knowledge, help and guidance during her study;

\

The researcher' beloved husband and beautifirl daught€r who always give the researcher advice, support, spirit and praying;

The researcher' beloved father and mother who always give the researcher advice, support and praying me;

All

my friends.

Finally, the researcher realizes that this research is

still far from

being perfect. Therefore, any criticism and suggestion for the improvement of this thesis

will

be warmly welcomed.

Surakarta, 13 October 2016 The writer

*.]'uv

Dian Laila Rohmawati 7.

9.

x 

 

TABLE OF CONTENT

COVER...i

NOTE OF ADVISOR 1...ii

NOTE OF ADVISOR 2...iii

APPROVAL...iv

DECLARATION...v

MOTTO...vi

DEDICATION...vii

ACKNOWLEDGMENT...viii

ABSTRACT...x

ABSTRAK...xi

LIST OF CODE...xii

LIST OF TABLE...xii

LIST OF FIGURES...xii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study...1

B. Limitation of the Study...3

C. Problem Statements...4

D. Objectives of the Study...4

xi 

 

CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

A. Previous Study...6

B. Theoretical Review...26

CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY A. Type of the Research...52

B. Research Subject...52

C. Research Object...52

D. Data and Data Source...53

E. Technique of Collecting Data...53

F. Technique of Analyzing Data...54

G. Data Validity...56

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDING AND DISCUSSION A. Research Finding ...57

B. Discussion of the Finding...122

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, PEDAGOGICAL IMPLICATION, AND SUGGESTIONS A. Conclusions...132

B. Pedagogical Implication ...135

C. Suggestion ...136 BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES

xii 

 

COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES USED BY MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS IN SPEAKING CLASS: COMPARATIVE STUDY IN

MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA Dian Laila Rohmawati

S200140077 0857-2502-1696

Language Post Graduated Program Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta

dianlaila50@yahoo.com

ABSTRAK

xiii 

 

ABSTRACT

This research is mainly intended to discuss communication strategy used by male and female students. The objectives of this research are to know the types of communication strategy used by male and female students, the similarities and differences of communication strategy used, the dominance communication strategy, and the factors contributing to choosing of communication strategy by male and female students of second semester students of Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. This research is qualitative research. The object is communication strategy on spoken production made by male and female students of the second semester of English Education Department in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. In collecting the data, the researcher uses naturalistic observation, video recording, and interview. In analyzing the data, the researcher does some steps which involve transcribing the video, classifying the data, quantifying, and drawing a conclusion. The result shows that male students use topic avoidance, message abandonment, circumlocution, approximation, all-purpose words, non-linguistic means, restructuring, literal translation, code-switching, retrieval, fillers, gambits, hesitation, self-initiated repair, repetition request, confirmation request, expression of non-understanding, repetition, confirmation, repair. Then female students use message abandonment, message replacement, circumlocution, approximation, all-purpose words, non-linguistic means, restructuring, literal translation, code-switching, retrieval, fillers, gambit, hesitation, self-initiated repair, self rephrasing, repetition request, appeal for help, clarification request, expression of non-understanding, repetition, and repair.

Keywords: communication strategy, male and female students, utterances

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

xiv 

 

LIST OF CODE

L = Lecturer MS1 = Male Student 1 MS2 = Male Student 2 MS3 = Male Student 3 MS4 = Male Student 4 MS5 = Male Student 5 MS6 = Male Student 6 MS7 = Male Student 7 MS8 = Male Student 8 MS9 = Male Student 9 MS10 = Male Student 10 MS11 = Male Student 11 MS12 = Male Student 12 MS13 = Male Student 13 MS14 = Male Student 14 MS15 = Male Student 15 MS16 = Male Student 16 MS17 = Male Student 17 MS18 = Male Student 18 MS19 = Male Student 19 MS20 = Male Student 20 FS1 = Female Student 1 FS2 = Female Student 2

xv 

 

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1: The differences between previous studies and current study...1

Table 2.2: The taxonomy of communication strategy...45

Table 3.1: The Example of Analyzing Process...54

Table 4.1. Frequency of communicationstrategyused by male students...99

Table 4.2. Rank of communication strategy bymale students...100

Table 4.3. Frequency of communicationstrategy by femalestudents...102

Table 4.4.Rank of communication strategy byfemale students...103

Table 4.5.Comparisontypes of communicationstrategy...104

Table 4.6 Thesimilarities of comunication Strategy used...107

Table 4.7. The preference strategyused by male and femalestudents...113

xvi 

 

LIST OF FIGURES