S TB 0902008 Table Of Content

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Adi Mardani, 2014

Pengaruh Perbedaan Material Tanah Terhadap Cepat Rambat Rembesan Pada Dasar Bendungan

Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu

DAFTAR ISI

PERNYATAAN...i

ABSTRAK ...ii

KATA PENGANTAR...iv

UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH ...v

DAFTAR ISI...vii

DAFTAR GAMBAR...x

DAFTAR TABEL...xii

BAB I ... Error! Bookmark not defined. PENDAHULUAN ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.1 Latar Belakang... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.2 Identifikasi dan Perumusan Masalah ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.3 Pembatasan Masalah ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.4 Tujuan Penelitian ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.5 Manfaat Penelitian ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.6 Lokasi Penelitian ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

1.7 Struktur Penelitian ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

BAB II ... Error! Bookmark not defined. KAJIAN PUSTAKA ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.1 Definisi Clayshale ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2 Sejarah Clayshale ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.1 Karakter Clayshale ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.2 Kimia Inorganik ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.3 Warna ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.4 Struktur Sedimen ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.5 Lingkungan Clayshale ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.2.6 Klasifikasi Secara Geoteknik ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.3 Pengertian Semen Portland ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.4 Rembesan ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.5 Tekanan Air pada Struktur ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.6 Permeabilitas Tanah ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

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2.8 Bendungan... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.8.1 Faktor-Faktor Geologis yang Menentukan Pilihan suatu Bendungan Error!

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2.8.2 Berbagai Gaya yang dapat Bekerja Terhadap Sebuah Bendungan .... Error!

2.9 Flownet ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.10 Grouting ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.11 Uji Laboratorium ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.11.1 Uji Berat Isi ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.11.2 Uji Kadar Air ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.11.3 Uji Berat Jenis ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.11.4 Analisis Hidrometer ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.11.5 Atterberg Test ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.11.6 Permeabilitas... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.11.7 Konsolidasi ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

2.11.8 Pemadatan Tanah (Kompaksi) ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

BAB III ... Error! Bookmark not defined. METODOLOGI PENELITIAN ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.1 Bagan Alir Penelitian ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2 Prosedur Penelitian Laboratorium ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.1 Uji Kadar air (ASTM D-2216-98) ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.2 Uji Berat Jenis (ASTM D-854-02) ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.3 Uji Batas-Batas Atterberg (ASTM D-4318-00) ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

3.2.4 Uji Hidrometer (ASTM D-442-63(98))... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.5 Uji Kompaksi (ASTM D-698 dan ASTM D-1557) . Error! Bookmark not

defined.

3.2.6 Uji Konsolidasi ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.2.7 Uji Permeabilitas ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3 Pemodelan Bendungan dengan Perangkat Lunak Seep/W ... Error! Bookmark

not defined.

3.3.1 Definisi Perangkat Lunak ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

3.3.2 Prosedur Pengujian Model... Error! Bookmark not defined.

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BAB IV ... Error! Bookmark not defined. HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1 Identifikasi dan Pemilihan Lokasi ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1.1 Identifikasi Lokasi... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.1.2 Pemilihan lokasi ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.2 Lokasi Pengambilan Sampel ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.3 Identifikasi Sampel Uji di Lapangan ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4 Hasil Pengujian di Laboratorium ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4.1 Index Properties Test ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4.2 Pengujian Kadar Air ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4.3 Pengujian Berat Isi Tanah... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4.4 Pengujian Batas-batas Atterberg ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4.4.1 Pengujian Batas Cair (Liquid Limit Test) ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

4.4.4.2 Pengujian Batas Plastis (Plastic Limit) .. Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4.4.3 Index Plastis (Plasticity Index) ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4.5 Pengujian Berat Jenis (Specific Gravity) ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4.6 Pengujian Hidrometer ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4.7 Pengujian Kompaksi ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4.8 Pengujian Konsolidasi ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.4.9 Pegujian Permeabilitas ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.5 Pembahasan Penelitian ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

4.5.1 Pembahasan Hasil Pengujian dengan Penambahan Semen ... Error!

4.5.2 Pemodelan dengan Menggunakan Software Seep/w Error! Bookmark not

defined.

4.6 Kendala Penelitian ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

BAB V... Error! Bookmark not defined. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.1 Kesimpulan... Error! Bookmark not defined.

5.2 Saran-saran ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

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DAFTAR GAMBAR

Gambar 2.1 Crystal Structure of Some of More Common Clay Minerals ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 2.2 Average Chemical Composition of Shales ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 2.3 Relationship Between Color and Organic Content Diagram ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 2.4 Kondisi Tanah Homogen ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 2.5 Piezometer ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 2.6 Tubuh Bendung ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 2.7 Pengukuran Tinggi Muka Air Tanah ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 2.8 Pembuatan Flownet... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 2.9 Flownet ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 2.10 Downstage without Packer Methode ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 2.11 Downstage with Packer Methode ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

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Gambar 2.12 Upstage Grouting Methode ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 2.13 Circuit Grouting Downstage Methode ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 2.14 Pola Grouting ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 2.15 Grafik Grouting ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 2.16 Laboratorium Mekanika Tanah ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 2.17 Alat Piknometer ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 2.18 Alat Uji Hidrometer ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 2.19 Alat Casagrande ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 2.15 Alat Uji Pemadatan Tanah ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3.1 Bagan Alir Penelitian ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3.2 Penentuan Metode Analisa ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3.3 Penentuan Bidang Kerja ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3.4 Penggambaran Sketsa Model Bendungan ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 3.5 Penggambaran Region ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3.6 Menentukan Karakteristik Material pada Bendungan ...Error!

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Gambar 3.7 Penentuan Nilai Material ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3.8 Hasil Nilai Permeabilitas... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3.9 Penentuan Kondisi Reservoir ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3.10 Penentuan Bagian Penghitungan .... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 3.11 Pemrosesan Model Seep/W ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4.1 Lokasi Patahan pada Bendungan Jatigede ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 4.2 Peta Geologi Patahan Lempeng Arjawinangun dan Subang ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4.3 Lokasi Pengambilan Sampel Tanah . Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4.4 Bentuk Sampel Tanah ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4.5 Kurva Penentuan Batas Cair Sampel 1 ... Error! Bookmark not

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Gambar 4.7 Kurva Batas Plastis Sampel 1 ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4.8 Kurva Batas Plastis Sampel 2 ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 4.9 Kurva Grain Size Distribution Sampel 1 ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 4.10 Kurva Grain Size Distribution Sampel 2 ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 4.11 Kurva Pengujian Kompaksi 0 % Campuran .... Error! Bookmark

not defined.

Gambar 4.12 Kurva Pengujian Kompaksi 5 % Campuran .... Error! Bookmark

not defined.

Gambar 4.13 Kurva Pengujian Kompaksi 10 % Campuran .. Error! Bookmark

not defined.

Gambar 4.14 Grafik Hubungan antara Penurun dan Waktu Error! Bookmark

not defined.

Gambar 4.15 Grafik Hubungan antara Angka Pori dengan Log Tekanan ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4.16 Grafik Hubungan antara Angka Pori dengan Tekanan ...Error!

Gambar 4.17 Grafik Hubungan antara cv dengan Log Tekanan ...Error!

Gambar 4.18 Pemodelan Bendungan dengan Seep/W ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 4.19 Pengaturan Conductivity ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 4.20 Kontur Rembesan Tanpa Perbaikan Berupa Curtain Grouting

... Error! Bookmark not defined. Gambar 4.21 Grafik Permeabilitas Tanpa Perbaikan ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Gambar 4.22 Kontur Rembesan dengan Perbaikan Berupa Curtain Grouting

5% ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 4.23 Grafik Permeabilitas dengan Perbaikan Berupa Curtain

Grouting 5% ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Gambar 4.24 Kontur Rembesan dengan Perbaikan Berupa Curtain Grouting

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Gambar 4.25 Grafik Permeabilitas dengan Perbaikan Berupa Curtain

Grouting 10% ... Error! Bookmark not defined.

DAFTAR TABEL

Tabel 2.1 Klasifikasi Geoteknis Clayshale... Error! Bookmark not defined.

Tabel 2.2 Koefisien Permeabilitas ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 3.1 Properties of Distilled Water ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 3.2 Correction Faktor for Unit Weight of Solid ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Tabel 3.3 Properties Correction Factors ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 3.4 Values of K for Several Unit Weight of Soil Solids and

Temperature Combination ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 3.5 Value of L (Effective Depth) for Use in Stokes Formula for Diameter of Particles from ASTM Soil Hydrometer 152 H .... Error! Bookmark

not defined.

Tabel 3.6 Standard Compaction Test dan Modified Compaction ...Error!

Tabel 3.7 Hubungan antara Time Factor (Tv) dengan Derajat Konsolidasi

(U) ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 3.8 Typical Permeability Coefficients for Different Soils ...Error!

Tabel 4.1 Hasil Pengujian Atterberg Sampel 1 ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 4.2 Hasil Pengujian Atterberg Sampel 2 ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 4.3 Hasil Pengujian Kompaksi ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 4.4 Hasil Pengujian Konsolidasi ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 4.5 Hasil Pengujian Permeabilitas ... Error! Bookmark not defined. Tabel 4.6 Hasil Pengujian Laboratorium Permeabilitas ... Error! Bookmark not

defined.

Tabel 4.7 Hasil Pengujian Laboratorium Permeabilitas Campuran ...Error!

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Tabel 4.8 Hasil Laboratorium Unsur Senyawa pada Sampel Tanah ...Error!