SESSION ONE. INTRODUCTION to ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOR

SESSION ONE

INTRODUCTION

to

ORGANIZATION

BEHAVIOR

SESSION’ OBJECTIVES

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Pengertian Perilaku Organisasi

Kontribusi disiplin ilmu perilaku kepada perilaku organisasi

Kebutuhan para manajer akan pengetahuan perilaku organisasi

Tiga tingkat analisis dalam model perilaku organisasi

ORGANIZATION BEHAVIOR

Core topics : motivation, leader behavior and power, interpersonal

communication, group structure and processes, learning, attitude development and perception, change processes, conflict, work design, & work stress study of what people do in an organization and how their behavior affects the

organization’s performance

a field of study that investigates the impact that individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations, for the purpose of applying

such knowledge toward improving an organization’s effectiveness

HAL MUTLAK DALAM PO

Hanya ada sedikit prinsip

universal yang menjelaskan PO –

berkembang

Tidak ada yang pasti dalam studi PO karena

melibatkan manusia

Mempelajari PO harus mempertimbangkan

Manusia adalah makhluk yang kompleks

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Contingency

Variable (Z) Independent Variable (X) Variable (Y) Dependent

In American Culture Boss Gives “Thumbs Up” Sign Understood as Complimenting In Iranian or Australian Cultures Boss Gives “Thumbs Up” Sign Understood as Insulting - “Up Yours!”

CHALLENGES & OPPORTUNITIES

 Responding to Economic Pressures

 Responding to Globalization

 Managing Workforce Diversity

 Improving Quality and Productivity

 Improving Customer Service

 Improving People Skills

 Stimulating Innovation and Change

 Coping with “Temporariness”

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Kondisi Ekonomi

 Effective management when economic crisis

 _{Dealing with difficult activities such as firing}

employees, motivating employees to do more with less and working through the stress employees

feel when they are worrying about their future.

 Focuses on issues such as stress, decision making, and coping during difficult times

Globalisasi

 More foreign assignment

 _{Work in multi-nations, culture, and race}

environment

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Keragaman Angkatan Kerja

 Perubahan demografi penduduk Indonesia

 _{Perkembangan tuntuan keahlian}

 Keragaman kepentingan dan sasaran individu

Peningkatan

Layanan Pelanggan

 More services

 _{More job need to interact with customer}

 Organization has to make sure their employee attitude & behavior associate dwith the customer

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Peningkatan

Ketrampilan Karyawan

 Complex work need new skills and ability

 _{Technology development demand employee to}

adjust their skills

 _{Manager should be aware of the requirement and}

Inovasi & Perubahan

 Organization needs to adjust their practices with the surrounding

 Creating flexible environment

 _{Continually improve the business practices}  Think ahead of the competitor

 _{Create new product & services}

 Company and employee face the challenge to continually innovate

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Meningkatnya Kebutuhan untuk Berkembang

 Today strengths can become tomorrow weaknesses

 Need to continous knowledge & skills improvement

 New tools and practices in the business

 Today’s managers and employees must learn to

cope with temporariness, flexibility, spontaneity, and unpredictability.

Networked organization

 Technology & communication change the way we do our job

 People are more connected

 _{More collaborating in work}

 New communication skills needed to interact in network

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Work-Life Balance

 Increasing demand in work and life

 _{Technology make work and social life difficult to}

separate

 _{Almost no boundaries or limit (country, time,}

space)

 Employee required to be ready all the time (long hour, after work hour, vacation)

 Dual career individual

Positive Work Environment

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Improving Ethical Behavior

 When the expectation is high, employee will do whatever necessary to save them

 Facing the ethical dillema and ethical choices

 _{Which practices are wrong or right}

 It is the issue of the moral principle of each individual when facing the provocative

TANTANGAN & PELUANG PO

• Kunci mengelola PO adalah memadukan

keragaman setiap pekerja sehingga dapat secara optimal memberikan kontribusi pada peningkatan kualitas kerja atau hasil akhir.

• Kemampuan yang dibutuhkan untuk ini antara lain ; interpersonal komunikasi.

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REFRESHMENT

• TANGGAPI PERNYATAAN BERIKUT !!!

• Apakah kita harus melaporkan jika menemui adanya penyimpangan dlm organisasi

• Apakah kita harus menjalankan tugas yang tidak kita setujui/sukai

• Apakah kita akan memberikan nilai yg bagus agar karyawan tidak di PHK

• Apakah kita harus berpolitik demi kemajuan karier

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ILMU PENDUKUNG PO

Psychology Social Psychology

Sociology Anthropology

Learning, Motivation, Personality, Emotions, Perception, Training Leadership effectiveness

Job satisfaction, Individual decision making, Performance appraisal Attitude, Employee selection, Work design, Work stress

Comparative values Comparative attitudes Cross-cultural analysis Behavioral change, Attitude change, Communication, Group processes, Group decision making Organizational culture Organizational environment Power

Formal organization theory Organizational technology Organizational change Organizational culture Communicati on, Power Conflict, Intergroup behavior

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ILMU PENDUKUNG PO

 Psikologi.

 Ilmu yg mengukur, menjelaskan, mengubah perilaku manusia

 Psikologi sosial.

 Memadukan konsep psikologi dengan sosiologi yang fokus pada pengaruh seseorang kepada yang lain

 Sosiologi.

 Studi mengenai manusia dalam kaitannya dengan lingkungan sosial budaya

 Antropologi.

 Mempelajari manusia dan aktivitasnya. Membantu memahami perbedaan nilai

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PERAN MANAJER dalam ORGANISASI

• Di dalam s/ organisasi harus ada individu yang

bertanggung jawab untuk menentukan sasaran dan mencapai sasaran tersebut

• _{Penanggung jawab tersebut biasanya dikenal}

dengan istilah MANAJER

• Istilah manajer mengandung 3 unsur manajerial:

• Fungsional

• Peran

Definisi Manager dan Organisasi

• Get things done through other people • Make decisions, allocate resources,

direct the activities of others to attain goals.

Managers

• Conciously coordinated social unit, • Composed of two or more people,

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FUNGSI MANAJER

• penetapan tujuan, strategi, dan taktik

Merencanakan

• menentukan tugas yg dikerjakan, siapa yg mengerjakan, struktur pelaporan,

kewenangan memutuskan

Mengorganisir

• mengarahkan, mengkoordinasi, memotivasi, & mengelola tim kerja

Memimpin

• memantau, mengevaluasi, merevisi

PERAN MANAJER

Interpersonal. Sebagai tokoh utama, tugas seremonial & simbolis. Sebagai pemimpin (motivasi, mengarahkan) Sebagai penghubung Informasional Monitor informasi internal & eksternal Penyebar informasi (ke lingkungan internal) Juru bicara Pengambil Keputusan Entrepreneur (seeking opportunities & initiate project) Problem handler Resources

KETRAMPILAN MANAJER

TEKNIS • Ability to apply specialized knowledge or expertise. • Learned through extensive education & experience. Personal • Ability to understand, communicate with, motivate,

• & support other people, both individually and in groups Konseptual • Mental ability to analyze and diagnose complex situations. • Conceptual skills (identify problems, develop alternative solutions, evaluate those alternative solutions, & select the best one,

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AKTIVITAS SUKSES vs EFEKTIF

Apakah manajer paling sukses juga merupakan manajer paling efektif?

4 aktivitas manajer menurut Fred Luthans:

• Manajemen tradisional merencanakan, memutuskan, mengevaluasi • Komunikasi dan administrasi

• Manajemen SDM

• Mengembangkan jaringan (sosialisasi)

Distribusi waktu rata2 : 32% – 29% – 20% – 19% Aktivitas apa yang paling penting dalam penilaian keberhasilan seorang manajer?

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OB and Manager

Definisi OB Definisi Manajer Hubungan OB dan manajer Mengapa Manajer perlu memahami keilmuan OB

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MENGEMBANGKAN MODEL PO

 Model

 Gambaran sederhana dari beberapa fenomena nyata

 An abstraction of reality. A simplified representation of some real-world phenomenon

 _{3 tingkat analisis dalam OB}

 Individu,

 Kelompok,

MENGEMBANGKAN MODEL PO

• variables like personality, group structure, and organizational culture that lead to

processes. These variables set the stage for what will occur in an organization later

Input

• actions that individuals, groups, and organizations engage in as a result of inputs and that lead to certain outcomes

THE GOALS of OB

 Attitude & stress

 Task performance - The combination of effectiveness and efficiency at doing your core job tasks.

 Citizenship behavior - Discretionary behavior that

contributes to the psychological and social environment of the workplace

 Withdrawal behavior - The set of actions employee take to separate themselves from the organization

 group cohesion The extent to which members of a group

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THE GOALS of OB

 Group functioning - The quantity and quality of a work group’s output

 Productivity - The combination of the effectiveness and efficiency of an organization

 Effectiveness - The degree to which an organization meets the needs of its clientele or customers

 Efficiency - The degree to which an organization can achieve its ends at a low cost.

 Organizational survival - The degree to which an

End of

Session