ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The author is particularly grateful to The Almighty God-The King of The Lord for love and blessing never ending, makes this research well done. Thesis entitled "The Effect of Problem Based Learning Model on Student’s Achievement at Light Topic in 8thGrade SMP Negeri 1 Tebing Tinggi a.y 2012/2013", prepared to obtain a Bachelor's degree Physical Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science in State University of Medan.
The author says thanks a lot to Ma’am Dr. Derlina, M.Si as thesis supervisor who has guided and given suggestions in finishing this thesis. Thanks also to Mr. Prof. Drs. Motlan Sirait, M.Sc., Ph.D., Mr. Dr. Ridwan Abd. Sani, M.Si., and Mr. Drs. Makmur Sirait, M.Si., for valued suggestions improving this thesis. Thanks to Dear Mr. Alkahfi Maas Siregar, S.si, M,Si, as author’s Academic Supervisor for advice, knowledge, caring and sharing for this time. Thanks also for all lecturers and staff employee of Physics FMIPA State University of Medan who have encouraged the author during the lecture. Appreciation is also presented to Headmaster and all teachers in SMP Negeri 1 Tebing Tinggi who have helped during this research. Mr. Drs. H. Adrul and also to Great Physics teacher Mr. Anggiat Simanjuntak, S.Pd
Belajar) Riris, Hanna, Evi and Andri for understanding, caring, support, and togetherness in 4 years. Thank to calon eda Uli Sinaga for sharing everything and all my brothers and sisters in Ikatan Keluarga Besar Kristen Fisika (IKBKF) and all my friends in physics department for support and laughing. I also thank to KAKANIA-Kak Ibeth, lisna, Nova, Pendi, and Kaleb for pray, sharing and support to me.
The author has done her best in completing this thesis, but the author realizes there are many foibles in content or grammar, then the author welcome any suggestions and criticism for this thesis perfectly. The author hopes this research will be useful in enriching the repertoire of knowledge.
Medan, June 2013
Author,
THE EFFECT OF PROBLEM BASED LEARNING MODEL ON
STUDENT’S ACHIEVEMENT AT LIGHT TOPIC IN 8thGRADE SMP NEGERI 1 TEBING TINGGI A.Y 2012/2013
Avolen Berly Indah Siahaan (ID Num: 409322011)
ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to know the effect of Problem Based Learning Model on student’s achievement at Light topic in 8thgrade SMP Negeri 1 Tebing Tinggi academic year 2012/2013.
This research is a quasi experiment. Population in this research are whole students in class VIII SMP Negeri 1 Tebing Tinggi semester II AY 2012/2013 which totally 9 classes. By using cluster random sampling, sample selected from the population as much two classes. One class is experiment class which be taught by using PBL Model and another one is control class which be taught by using Direct Instruction Model. The instrument was used to get data is a test which contains of 10 questions and had been validated by some experts in Physics.
CONTENT
page
Legitimation Sheet i
Biography ii
Abstract iii
Acknowledgment iv
Content vi
List of Figure ix
List of Table List x
List of Appendix xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1
1.1. Background 1
1.2. Identification Problem 2
1.3. Limitation of Problem 2
1.4. Formula of Problem 3
1.5. Purpose of Research 3
1.6. Significance of Research 3
CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 4
2.1. Theoretical Framework 4
2.1.1. Definition of Learning 4
2.1.2. Achievement 5
2.2. Problem Based Learning Model 6
2.2.1. Definition of Model Learning 6
2.2.2. Definition of Problem Based Learning 6
2.2.3. Specific Characteristics of Problem based Learning 7
2.2.4. Benefit of Problem Based Learning 8
2.2.5. Syntax of Problem Based Learning Model 9
2.2.6. Learning Environment and Management Assessment 10
2.3.1. Definition of Light 10
2.3.2. Reflection 11
2.3.2.1 The Law of Reflection 11
2.3.2.2 Regular and Diffused Reflection 11
2.3.3. Optical Instrument 15
2.4. Conceptual frame 17
2.5. Hypothesis of Research 18
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
3.1. Location and Time of Research 19
3.1.1. Population and Sample of Research 19
3.1.2. Population of Research 19
3.1.3. Sample of Research 19
3.2. Variable of Research 19
3.3. Type and Design of Research 19
3.3.1. Type of Research 19
3.3.2. Design of Research 20
3.4. Research Procedure 20
3.5. Research Instrument 21
3.5.1 Regulation of Instrument 22
3.6. Technique of Collecting Data 22
3.6.1. Beginning Phase 22
3.6.2. Phase Collecting Data 22
3.7. Techniques of Data Analysis 23
3.7.1. Calculating mean and standard deviation 23
3.7.2. Normality Test 23
3.7.3. Homogeneity Test Data 23
3.7.4. Test of Hypothesis 24
3.7.4.1. Test of similarity mean pretest (test t both of side) 24
CHAPTER IV RESULT OF RESEARCH AND DISCUSSION
4.1. Result of Research 26
4.1.1. Description of Research Data 26
4.1.1.1. Pretest Data of Experiment and Control Class 26
4.1.2. Testing of Data Analysis 27
4.1.2.1 Normality Test of Pretest Data 27
4.1.2.2 Pretest Data Homogeneity Test and Different
Test of Student’s Initial Ability 27
4.1.2.3. Posttest Data of Experiment and Control Class 29
4.1.2.4. Normality Test of Posttest Data 29
4.1.2.5. Homogeneity Test of Posttest Data and Hypothesis Test
of Research (t-test of two sides) 30
4.2. Discussion 31
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1. Conclusion 33
5.2. Suggestion 33
LIST OF TABLE
Table 2.1 : Syntax Problem Based Learning Model 9
Table 3.1 : Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design 20
Table 3.2 : Specific table of result study test in topic light 21
Table 4.1.: Pretest data normality test of experiment and control class 27
Table 4.2.: Summary of homogeneity test result of pretest data 28
Table 4.3.: Summary of pretest t-test calculation 28
Table 4.4.: Pretest data normality test of experiment and control class 29
Table 4.5.: Summary of homogeneity test result of posttest data 30
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
5.1. Conclusion
Based on the research result, data analysis, and discussion so can be
concluded that :
1. The mean of student’s achievement at Light topic in 8thgrade SMP Negeri
1 Tebing Tinggi academic year 2012/2013 by using Direct Instruction
Model is 49.62
2. The mean of student’s achievement at Light topic in 8thgrade SMP Negeri
1 Tebing Tinggi academic year 2012/2013 by using Problem Based
Learning Model is 82.68
3. There is an effect of Problem Based Learning Model on student’s
achievement at Light Topic in 8th grade SMP Negeri 1 Tebing Tinggi
academic year 2012/2013.
5.2. Suggestion
Based on the result and conclusion in this research, so the researcher gives
some suggestions as below:
1. For university student or aspirant teacher should more understand Problem
Based Learning Model as one of efforts to make student learn actively,
increase creativity and learning motivation, and increase student’s
achievement.
2. For university student or aspirant who wants to do the same research
should more understand clearly the problem which given to the students
and more mastering the steps in problem based learning model.
3. For the next researcher who wants to research Problem Based Learning
Model suggested to more pay attention the efficiency time in phase
“develop and present artifact and exhibit”, because in this phase there were
many students had questions for the displaying group.
4. Based on the guide for Problem Based Learning, suggested for the
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