SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE VARIABILITY IN THE SOUTHERN PART OF JAVA ISLAND AND THE LESSER SUNDA CORRESPONDING TO THE INDIAN OCEAN DIPOLE MODE (IODM).

(1)

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12

th

Biennial Conference of

Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference

(PORSEC)

2014

"Ocean Remote Sensing for

Sustainable Resources"

04

–

07 November 2014, Bali-Indonesia

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ii

12

th

Biennial Conference of

Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference (PORSEC)

2014

04

–

Scientific Committee:

Prof. Dr. Dan Ling Tang

Prof. Dr. Bonar P. Pasaribu

Prof. Dr. Made Sudiana Mahendra

Dr. Orbita Roswintiarti

Dr. Kristina Katsaros

Dr. Antony Liu

Dr. Masahisa Kubota

Editors:

Prof. Dr. Tasuku Tanaka

YAMAGUCHI Univ.

–

Japan

Dr. Gad Levy

NWRA

–

USA

Dr. James Gower

DFO

–

Canada

Dr. Ir. I Wayan Nuarsa

UDAYANA Univ.

–

Indonesia

Dr. Wikanti Asriningrum

LAPAN

–

Indonesia

Ir. Wawan K. Harsanugraha, M.Si

LAPAN

–

Indonesia

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iii

12

th

Biennial Conference of

Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference (PORSEC)

2014

04

–

All papers in this book have been selected by the scientific committee.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, downloaded,

disseminated, published, or transferred in any form or by any means, except

with the prior written permission of, and with express attribution to the

author.

The publisher makes no representation, express or implied, with regard to the

accuracy of the information contained in this book and cannot any legal

responsibility or liability for any errors that may be made

.

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iv

Preface

Since its establishment in 1990, the Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference

(PORSEC) has rapidly gained global status as one of the most prestigious

Remote Sensing Conference in the world, with a scope covering all world

oceans. PORSEC is an organization dedicated to helping developing nations

stimulate their science programs with focus on the applications of remote

sensing technology in Ocean Sciences. PORSEC has provided over a decade of

effort with scientists from over thirty countries participating in conferences

once every two years.

The Indonesian National University of Udayana, together with National

Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN), are privileged to host PORSEC

4, the Twelfth Bie ial Co fere e with the the e O ea Re ote “e si g

for “ustai a le Resour es i De pasar –

Bali, Indonesia during November

4th-7th, 2014.

The conference reviewed and discussed the state of ocean remote sensing and

will help scientists and students involved in ocean-atmosphere studies using

remote sensing techniques to benefit from interactions with the experts

participating from all over the globe. The conference also provide an

opportunity to showcase the research work carried out using remote sensing

techniques from various satellite missions and the applications of ocean

remote sensing for societal benefits.

The successful completion of the PORSEC 2014 Proceedings is the result of the

cooperation, confidence, and endurance of many people. All contributions are

greatly appreciated. It is impossible to overestimate the importance of their

efforts in helping us meet deadlines, their insights in editing, and their donation

of time.

Jakarta, March 2015

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v

Local Organizing Committee

PORSEC 2014

Steering

:

Orbita Roswintiarti

National Institute of Aeronautics

and Space (LAPAN)

I Made Suastra

A.A. Raka Sudewi

Udayana University, Indonesia

Responsible Person

:

Rokhis Khomarudin

and Space (LAPAN)

Made Budiarsa

Chair Person

:

Made Sudiana Mahendra

Syarif Budhiman

and Space (LAPAN)

Co-Chair Person

:

Maryani Hartuti

and Space (LAPAN)

Takahiro Osawa

Budiarsa Suyasa

Hamidah Yunus

Members

:

Winanto

and Space (LAPAN)

Ketut Budiartawan

Noer Syamsu

and Space (LAPAN)

Gathot Winarso

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vi

I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang

Nyoman Arto Suprapto

Teguh Prayogo

and Space (LAPAN)

Hanggar Prasetyo Kadarisman

Ety Parwati

and Space (LAPAN)

Rossi Hamzah

and Space (LAPAN)

I Gede Nyoman Konsumajaya

Abd.Rahman As-Syakur

I Ketut Budiartawan

Kuncoro Teguh Setiawan

National Institute of Aeronautics

and Space (LAPAN)

Ketut Sukadana

Anang Dwi Purwanto

and Space (LAPAN)

Ahcmad Supriyono

and Space (LAPAN)

I Made Sukawijaya

Komang Arya Purwanto

I Wayan Budiada

Yennie Marini

and Space (LAPAN)

Anneke K.S. Manoppo

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vii

Paper and Proceeding

Coordinator:

Wawan K. Harsanugraha

National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Members:

I Wayan Nuarsa

Wikanti Asriningrum

National Institute of Aeronautics

and Space (LAPAN)

Sartono Marpaung

and Space (LAPAN)

Emiyati

and Space (LAPAN)

Yennie Marini

and Space (LAPAN)

Anneke K.S. Manoppo

National Institute of Aeronautics

and Space (LAPAN)

Nanin Anggraini

and Space (LAPAN)

Syifa Wismayati Adawiah

and Space (LAPAN)

Hamdi Eko Putranto

and Space (LAPAN)

Udhi Catur Nugroho

and Space (LAPAN)

I Made Karsika

Putu Ari Ardiswana

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vii

Paper and Proceeding

Coordinator:

Wawan K. Harsanugraha

National Institute of Aeronautics and Space (LAPAN)

Members:

I Wayan Nuarsa

Wikanti Asriningrum

and Space (LAPAN)

Sartono Marpaung

and Space (LAPAN)

Emiyati

and Space (LAPAN)

Yennie Marini

and Space (LAPAN)

Anneke K.S. Manoppo

and Space (LAPAN)

Nanin Anggraini

and Space (LAPAN)

Syifa Wismayati Adawiah

and Space (LAPAN)

Hamdi Eko Putranto

and Space (LAPAN)

Udhi Catur Nugroho

and Space (LAPAN)

I Made Karsika

Putu Ari Ardiswana

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viii

CONTENTS

A.

ORAL PRESENTATIONS

1 Habitat Model Development of Pacific Saury (Cololabis Saira) Using Satellite Remotely

Sensed Data in the Northwestern North Pacific

Achmad Fachruddin Syah, Sei-Ichi Saitoh, Irene Alabia, and Toru Hirawake

1-12

2 Cost-Effective Approach to Estimate Unreported Data: Rebuilding History of Lift-Net Fishing

in Kwandang Waters

Andhika Prima Prasetyo, Duto Nugroho, Lilis Sadiyah, and Rudy Masuswo Purwoko

13-20

3 The Use of Image Rotations on Multispectral-Based Benthic Habitats Mapping

Pramaditya Wicaksono

21-30

4 The Utilization of Landsat-8 for Mapping the Surface Waters Temperature of Grupuk Bay -

West Nusa Tenggara: with Implications for Seaweeds Cultivation

Bidawi Hasyim, Syarif Budiman, Arlina Ratnasari, Emiyati, and Anneke Manoppo

31-40

5 Multispectral Satellite Data for Mapping of Coral Reef Death Due to El Niño Southern

Oscillation (ENSO) in Western Sumatra

Munawaroh and Nurul Ihsan Fawzi

41-46

6 Spatial-Temporal Variability of Satellite-Derived Phytoplankton Size Classes in the South

China Sea

Hai Jun YE, Dan Ling TANG, and R.P.P.K. Jayasinghe

47-58

7 Morphological Characteristics of Antarctic Coast Based on the Laser Altimetry

Jieun Kimand Jaehyung Yu

59-62

8 Investigation of Coastal Sediment Spectrums Behavior Based on Moisture Content and

Mineralogy; a Case Study of South Korea

Haein Shin and Jaehyung Yu

63-66

9 40 Year Record of Antarctic Coastal Change from 1960s to 2000s Based on the Remote

Sensing Monitoring

Jaehyung Yu and Yongshik Jeon

67-70

10 Performance Multimodel Climate-Sytem Historical Forecast Project (CHFP) in

Characterize Feature and Impact of El Nino Modoki

Ida Bagus Mandhara Brasika and Nurjanna Joko Trilaksono

71-78

11 Shallow Sounding Bathymetric Using Multibeam Echosounder and Topographic Laser

Scanner

Nursugi, Tri Patmasari, dan Khafid

79-86

12 Impacts of Human Activities on the Evolution of Estuarine Wetland in the Yangtze Delta from

2000 to 2010

Lei Zhang Bingfang Wu Kai Yin·Xiaosong Li· Kun Kia· Liang Zhu

87-102

13 New Land Accretion from 2000-2003 at Segara Anakan Lagoon, Southcoast of West and

Central Java

I Wayan Lugra, Deny Setyady, I.N. Astawa, G.M. Hermansyah, and P.H. Wijaya

103-114

14 Spatial Dynamics and Distribution of Live Coral, in Outer Zone, Spermonde Archipelago,

Indonesia

Nurjannah Nurdin, Khaerul Amri, Abd. Rasyid Djalil, Ilham Jaya, Agus, and M. Akbar A.S.

115-126

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)

ix

ApplicationsIn Fisheries and Aquaculture Management

Vittorio Barale, Jean Dusart, Michael Assouline, and Alberto Lorenzo-Alonso

16 Influence of the Asia Monsoon on the Red Sea Basic Ecosystem Dynamics

Vittorio Baraleand Martin Gade

137-150

17 Three Dimensional Reconstruction of Rain Rates from X – SAR Measurements Using

Tomography

Marco Moscatelli and Gad Levy

151-162

18 Application of Multibeam Data for Characterizing Seabed Geology at Morotai Strait

Taufan Wiguna and Muhammad Irfan

163-170

19 Wave Characteristics of Indonesian Waters for Sea Transport Safety and Planning

Mia Khusnul Khotimah and Roni Kurniawan

171-186

20 Remote Sensing Applied to the Analysis of Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Dengue

Incidence Based on Ecological and Socio-Economic and Demographic Factors in Sri Lanka

Sumiko Anno, Keiji Imaoka, Takeo Tadono, Tamotsu Igarashi, Subramaniam Sivaganesh, Selvam Kannathasan, Vaithehi Kumaran, and Sinnathamby Noble Surendran

187-194

21 Bigeye Tuna (Thunnus Obesus) Hotspots in the Eastern Indian Ocean Off Java

Mega Syamsuddin, Sei-Ichi Saitoh, and Toru Hirawake

195-200

22 Comparison of Sun Glint Correction Methods for Casi-1500 Data in Shallow Waters

Joo-Young Jeon, Sun-Hwa Kim, Chan-Su Yang, and Kazuo Ouchi

201-208

23 The Study on the Development of Satellite Data Processing System

Chen Yuanwei

209-216

24 Comparative Study of Phytoplankton Bloom in Indonesian Waters Using Aqua-Modis

Satellite Data

Rion S. Salman dan Ayufitriya

217-224

25 Spaceborne SAR Imaging of Coastal Ocean Phenomena in the China Seas

Xiaofeng Li and Feng Sha

225-228

26 Monthly Sea Surface Salinity Variation in Aru and Arafura Sea By Using Aquarius Satellite

Image Data

Yuwana Setiabudi Sriraharjoand Susanna Nurdjaman

229-234

27 Business Process Analysis for High Resolution Remote Sensing Data Acquisition and

Distribution

Andie Setiyoko and Rubini Jusuf

235-240

28 Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Catch Data to Characterize Potential Fishing Zones for

Skipjack Tuna in Bone Bay-Flores Sea During Northwest Monsoon

Mukti Zainuddin, Safruddin, M. Banda Selamat, Adam Malik, and Sei-Ichi Saitoh

241-250

29 Analysis of Total Suspended Solid Using Landsat 8 Imagery (Study of Case: Sampit Bay,

Indonesia)

Anang Dwi Purwanto and Syarif Budhiman

251-256

30 Monitoring Volcanic Activity of the Nishinoshima Island from Spaceborne SAR

Tadashi Sasagawa

257-260

31 Modeling Sensor Proton Magnetometer in Small Satellite

Sofian Rizal

261-266

32 Variability of Chlorophyll-a Distribution and Its Relation to the Wind Patterns in Lombok

Waters

Anneke K.S. Manoppo, Muhammad Riandy, Emiyati, Bidawi Hasyim, and Syarif Budhiman

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x

33 An Evaluation of Theuse of SRTM Data to the Accuracy of Local Geoid Determination: A

Case Study of Yogyakarta Region, Indonesia

Bagas Triarahmadhana and Leni S. Heliani

273-280

34 Ocean Front Application on Fishing Ground Identification in the Sourthern Taiwan Strait

Yi Chang, Ming-An Lee, Tzu-Huang Chang, and Cheng-Hsin Liao

281-286

35 The Effect of Different DEM Accuracyon the Orthoimage Generation

Jali Octariady, Djurdjani, and Heri Sutanta

287-292

36 Blue Carbon Stock of Mangrove Ecosystem in Nusa Penida, Bali

Mariska A. Kusumaningtyas, August Daulat, Devi D. Suryono, Restu Nur Afi Ati, Terry L., Kepel, Agustin Rustam, Yusmiana P. Rahayu, Peter Mangindaan, Nasir Sudirman, and Andreas A. Hutahaean

293-300

37 Distribution and Sources of Oil Slicks in the Middle Adriatic Sea

Mira Morović, Andrei Ivanov, Marinko Oluić, Žarko Kovač, and Nadezhda Terleeva

301-308

38 New Mangrove Index as Degradation/Health Indicator Using Remote Sensing Data: Segara

Anakan and Alas Purwo Case Study

Gathot Winarso, Anang D. Purwanto, and Doddy M. Yuwono

309-316

39 The Improvement of the Sustainable Aquaculture Model for Kelp and Scallop in Southern

Hokkaido, Japan Using Satellite Remote Sensing, GIS and OGCM

Yang Liu, Sei-Ichi Saitoh, I. Nyoman Radiarta, and Toru Hirawake

317-322

40 Satellite Detection of Giant Colonies of PhaeocystisGlobosa in Coastal Waters off Viet Nam

Montes-Hugo M.A., Doan-Nhu H., and Nguyen-Ngoc L.

323-328

41 MCS Detection Using Lightning Recording and Satellite Imagery

I Putu Dedy Pratama, Pande Komang Gede Arta Negara, Pande Made, and Rony Kurniawan

329-336

42 Analysis of Cloud Removal Method on Sea Area Using Landsat-8 Multi-Temporal

Danang Surya and Candra Yudi Prabowo

337-340

43 Accuracy Estimation and Validation of Offshore Wind Speed by Using Terra SAR-X

RyotaroAbo, Katsutoshi Kozai, Teruo Ohsawa, and Koji Kawaguchi

341-344

44 Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership Satellite Data Processing System to Produce Sea

Surface Temperature

Budhi Gustiandi and Andy Indradjad

345-354

45 Bio-Physical Coupling in the Bay of Bengal – A Remote Sensing Perspective

Benny N. Peter, Mridula K.R., Mazlan Hashim, and Nadzri Reba

355-362

46 Analysis of Monthly Mean Surface Currents for Bali Waters Using OSCAR

Subekti Mujiasih and A. Rita Tisiana Dwi Kuswardani

363-372

47 Sea Surface Chlorophyll Fronts in the Taiwan Strait

Yi-Sin Fang, Tzu-Huang Chang, and Yi Chang

372-376

48 Shoreline Change Analysis of Gulf of Cambay Using GIS

Vivek Gouda and Robinu Rose Mathew

377-380

49 Seasonal and Inter-Annual Variability of the Coccolithophore Blooms in the Barents and the

Black Seas from Satellite Data

Oleg Kopelevich, Sergey Sheberstov, Vladimir Burenkov, and Svetlana Vazyulya

381-390

50 Observed the Indian Ocean Dipole 2011 from Satellite and In-Situ In West Java Sea Waters

Jonson Lumban-Gaol, Bonar P. Pasaribu, Djisman Manurung, Risti Endriani Arhatin, Sripujiati, and Marisa Meiling

391-394

51 Satellite Altimetry and Hydrologic Modeling of Poorly-Gauged Tropical Watershed

Y. Budi Sulistioadi, Kuo-Hsin Tseng, C.K. Shum,Michael F. Jasinski, and Hidayat

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xi

52 Harmful Algal Bloom Phenomenon in Lampung Bay Base on Red Tide Analysis Using

SPOT-4 Image

Emiyati, Ety Parwati, and Syarif Budhiman

405-408

53 Acoustic Emission and Laser Breakdown of Water with Different Salinity

Alexey V. Bulanov

409-414

54 Squid Habitat Hotspots in Pelagic Waters of Western and Central North Pacific: Roles of

Eddies and Sub-Surface Features

Sei-Ichi Saitoh, Irene Alabia, Robinson Mugo, Hiromichi Igarashi, Yoichi Ishikawa, Norihisa Usui, Masafumi Kamachi, Toshiyuki Awaji, and Masaki Seito

415-420

55 Extraction Method Development in Land and Ocean Salinity

Wiweka

421-428

56 Indonesian Multi-Scale Grid System for Environmental and Oceanic Data

Akhmad Riqqi and Ivonne M. Radjawan

429-434

57 Mapping of Total Suspended Matter Using Landsat 8 in Coastal Areas of Lombok Island

Emiyati, Anneke K.S. Manoppo, and Syarif Budhiman

435-438

58 Trend Analysis of Mean Sea Level at South China Sea Using Mann-Kendall Method

Moehammad Ediyan Raza Karmel

439-446

59 Visualization System of Monthly Average Sea Surface Temperature Modis Using KML in

Google Earth

Andy Indradjad and Yennie Marini

447-452

60 On the Use of Satellite-Measured Chlorophyll Fluorescence for Monitoring Coastal and

Ocean Waters

Jim Gower

453-460

61 Global Sea Level Rise: the Case for a Dam on the Strait of Gibraltar

Jim Gower

461-468

62 Compatibility Test of Windsat Data over Indonesian Monsoon Path

I Ketut Swardika

469-476

63 Extraction Model of Dissolved Oxygen Concentration Using Landsat Remote Sensing

Satelite Data. Case Study: Ringgung Coastal Waters

Muchlisin Arief

477-488

64 Oceanographic Characteristics Studies in North of Papua Waters Between 2010 to 2012

Using Modis Imagery

Amalia Hadiyanti and Retnadi Heru Jatmiko

489-496

65 Spatial Distribution and Interaction of Phytoplankton, Zooplankton and Fish Biomass at the

North of Papua

A. Hartoko and Subiyanto

497-504

66 Temporal and Spatial Changes of the Coastline and Coastal Wetlands in the Red River

Estuary, Vietnam from 1986 to 2013

Nguyen Tien Cong, Ngo DucAnh, and Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy

505-514

67 Development of Ocean Wave Spectrum Estimation from HF Radar

Yukiharu Hisaki Syah

515-520

68 A Numerical Simulation of Wave and Sediment Transport in the Balikpapan Bay, East

Kalimantan, Indonseia

Idris Mandang, Ashadi A. Nur, and Arya M. Fitroh

521-526

69 Numerical Simulations in Coastal Hydraulics and Sediment Transport: Application to

Mahakam Estuary, East Kalimantan, Indonesia

Ansorullah Jamal, Idris Mandang, and Pariwate Varnakovida

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xii

70 The Effect of Different Atmospheric Correction on Bathymetry Extraction Using Landsat

Satellite Imagery

Kuncoro Teguh Setiawan, Yennie Marini, Achmad Supriyono, and Syarif Budhiman

533-538

71 Spatial Data Analysis and Remote Sensing for Observing Tsunami-Inundated Area

Abu Bakar Sambah andFusanori Miura

539-548

72 Development of Method for Extracting Low-Level Tropospheric Moisture Content from

Ground Based GPS Derived Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV)

Aries Kristianto, Tri Wahyu Hadi, and Dudy Darmawan Wijaya

549-558

73 VIIRS Detection of Lit Fishing Boats

Christopher D. Elvidge, Mikhail Zhizhin, Kimberly Baugh, and Feng-Chi Hsu

559-562

74 The Assessment of Mangrove Ecosystem for Capture Fisheries Product

Dewayany Sutrisno, Yatin Suwarno, and Irmadi Nahib

563-568

75 Utilization of Satellite Remote Sensing Data for the Determination of Potential Fishing Areas

and Its Validation in the Strait of Bali

Nyoman Dati Pertami and Komang Iwan Suniada

569-574

76 Spatial Distribution Analysis of Albacore Tuna (Thunnus Alalunga) Using Argo Float

Sub-Surface Temperature Related to Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) Impact in South Java Indian Ocean

Bambang Sukresno, Agus Hartoko, Budi Sulistyo, and Subiyanto

575-582

77 Sea Surface Temperature Measurement from TMI and Modis Data

Yennie Marini, Gathot Winarso, and Anneke K.S. Manoppo

583-588

78 Prediction of Coral Reef Damage Using Cellular Automata-Markov

Agus Aris, Nurjannah Nurdin, Vincentius P. Siregar, and Ibnu Sofian

589-596

79 Estimation of Sea Surface Temperature Distribution in Ekas Bay Using Landsat-8 Satellite

Imagery

Muhammad Ramdhan

597-604

80 Coastal Characteristics of Indonesia and Its Relation to the Tsunami Hazard

M. Priyatna, M. Rokhis Khomarudin, and Dini Ambarwati

605-614

81 Evaluation of Multitemporal Landsat Satellite Images to Identify Total Suspended Solid

(TSS) Alteration in Saguling Reservoir, West Bandung, Indonesia

Anjar Dimara Sakti, Soni Darmawan, and Ketut Wikantika

615-622

82 Sea Surface Temperature Variability in the Southern Part of Java Island and the Lesser

Sunda: Corresponding to the Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM)

I Gede Hendrawan, I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang, I Made Kertayasa, and I G.A. Diah Valentina Lestari

623-630

83 Laboratory Study of Cross-Polarized Radar Return at Gale-force Winds

Yu. Troitskaya, V. Abramov, A. Ermoshkin, E. Zuikova, V. Kazakov, D. Sergeev, and A. Kandaurov

631-636

84 Satellite Observation of Large-Scale Coastal Change: A Case Study from Cigu Lagoon,

Taiwan

Tzu-Huang Chang, Yi Chang, Laurence Zsu-Hsin Chuang, and Ming-An Lee

637-642

85 _{Sea Surface Temperature and Sea Surface Chlorophyll in Relation to Bigeye Tuna}

Fishery in the Southern Waters Off Java and Bali

Martiwi Diah Setiawati and Fusanori Miura

643-654

86 Mode 2 Internal Solitary Waves: Measurements of Surface Currents from Laboratory

Experiments and Numerical Simulations, and the Results of a SAR Simulator

Donald P. Delisi, Jinsong Chong, Xiangzhen Yu, Thomas S. Lund, and David Y. Lai

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87 TheClimateChangeImpactonCoralin _Weh_Island and _{Aceh Island Indonesia}

A. Besse Rimba, Joseph Maina, and Fusanori Miura

663-670

88 Investigating the Effect of Rainstorm on Coastal Coral Reef Water -- A Case Study in Xuwen

Coral Reef Coast Region, South China

Weiqi Chen, Xuelian Meng,Shuisen Chen, Liusheng Han, and Siyu Huang

671-682

89 Satellite Remote Sensing in Fishery Forecast in India: Past, Present, and Challenges

Aishwarya Narain

683-690

90 Identifying of Change of Mangrove Forest and Mining Areas at the Coastal of Karimun Besar

Island

Tatik Kartika and Silvia Anwar

691-696

91 Basin Configuration Identification by Airborne Gravity in WesternTanjung, South Borneo

Ermin Retnowati, Dyah Pangastuti, Boko Nurdiyanto S., Arisauna M. Pahlevi, Gonata Pranajaya and Thomas Cafreza Atarita

697-704

92 A DASH7 Based Monitoring System for Mariculture Environment

Yuvin Ha, Sang-Hwa Chung, Yun-Sung Lee,Ik Joo Jeong, Sung-Jun Lee, Jung-hoon Cha, and Hyong-ki Yoon

705-712

93 Assessment and Mapping of Coastal Vulnerability to Sea Level Rise (Case Study at

Semarang Coastal Area, Central Java)

Husnayaen, Takahiro Osawa, and Ida Ayu Astarini

713-722

94 Detecting the Affected Areas of Mount Sinabung Eruption Using Landsat-8 Based on

Reflectance Change

Suwarsono, Hidayat, Jalu Tejo Nugroho, Wiweka, Parwati, and M. Rokhis Khomarudin

723-734

95 Detection of Seabed in Seribu Islands Seawaters

Sri Pujiyati, Kaisar Akhir, and Risti E. Arhatin

735-738

96 The Creation of Forest Base Probability Image in Coastal Area of East Kalimantan Indonesia

Using Canonical Variate Analysis

Ita Carolita and Tatik Kartika

739-744

97 Satellite Data for Water Clarity Mapping in Indonesia Lake Water

Bambang Trisakti, Nana Suwargana and I Made Parsa

745-752

98 Study on Seasonal Variability in Internal Wave Signatures in the Lombok Strait Area

Using SAR and Optical Sensor

I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang, Takahiro Osawa, Leonid Mitnik, and I Made Satria Wibawa

753-766

B.

POSTER PRESENTATIONS

01 Bathymetric Mapping of Shallow Water Surrounding Dongsha Island Using Quickbird Image

Li Dongling, Zhang Huaguo, and Lou Xiulin

769-774

02 Impacts of Typhoons on Hypoxia Off the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary: Estimations

from Satellite Data

Jianyu Chen, Zhihua Mao, Fang Gong, and Kui Wang

775-782

03 Investigation of Whitening Event Using Hyperspectral Data in the Coastal Region of Jeju

Island, South Korea

Sun-Hwa Kim, Joo-Young Jeon, and Chan-SuYang

783-788

04 Vertical Structure in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre Based on the Wind-Driven Circulation

Theory

Rina Tajima, KunioKutsuwada, and Kunihiro Aoki

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05 Design and Construction of a Remote Sensing-Based Harmful Algal Blooms Monitoring

System

Qiankun Zhu, Bangyi Tao, Hui Lei, and Jianyu Chen

797-802

06 The Propagation and Sources Analysis of the Internal Waves in the Northwestern South

China Sea Based an Satellite Remote Sensing

Juan Wang, Jingsong Yang, Huaguo Zhang, Dongling Li, Lin Ren, and Gang Zheng

803-808

07 Acceleration Development Region Capture Fisheries Economy Oriented (A Case at Coast

Southern District Garut West Java Province)

Atikah Nurhayatidan and Agus Heri Purnomo

809-816

08 Developing Fishing Grounds Prediction Model for Neon Flying Squid in the Central North

Pacific Using Satellite Remote Sensing and Vessel Monitoring System

Yang Liu, Sei-Ichi Saitoh, Hiroki Takegawa, and Toru Hirawake

817-820

09 Construction of Long-Term Data Set of Sea Surface Wind Speed/Stress Vectors by Multiple

Satellite Observations

Suguru Kameda and Kunio Kutsuwada

821-828

10 Evaluation of Offshore Wind Energy Resources by Using Scatterometer and

Radiometer-Derived Wind Speeds and WRF

Katsutoshi Kozai, Tsuguhiro Morita, and Teruo Ohsawa

829-832

11 Monitoring the Impact of Sea Surface Temperature Increase on Coral Bleaching in

Indonesian Waters

Rion S. Salman and Ayufitriya

833-838

12 Spectral Unmixing Applied to Meris Images of Berau Estuary Waters to Separate the Effects

of Atmospheric Haze from Water Sediment

Widiatmaka, Wiwin Ambarwulan, Bambang Riadi, Irmadi Nahib, Syarif Budhiman, and Abdul Halim

839-848

13 Spatial Multi Criteria Land Evaluation and Remote Sensing for Area Delineation of Shrimp

Pond Culture Revitalization in Mahakam Delta, Indonesia

Wiwin Ambarwulan, W. Verhoef, and C. Mannaerts

849-856

14 Settlement Pattern of Bajoe Tribe in Indonesia Based on Remote Sensing Data Satellite

Observation

JakaSuryanta

857-862

15 Local Economic Wisdom for Sustainable Coastal Resources: Lemukutan, West Kalimantan

Suhana, Aninda W. Rudiastuti, and Gatot Rudiyono

863-870

16 Monitoring Changes on Mangroves Coasts Using High Resolution Satellite Images. A Case

Study in the Perancak Estuary, Bali

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871-876

17 Research on 3D Simulation of FY-2E Infrared Satellite Cloud Image Based on Open GL

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877-880

18 A Method of Evaluating Island Exploitation Degree Based on Multi-Scale Analysis of Remote

Sensing Indices

Zhang Huaguo, Li Lihong, Shi Aiqin, Li Dongling, and Lou Xiulin

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SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE VARIABILITY IN THE

SOUTHERN PART OF JAVA ISLAND AND THE LESSER

SUNDA: CORRESPONDING TO THE INDIAN OCEAN

DIPOLE MODE (IODM)

I Gede Hendrawan1,*), I Wayan Gede Astawa Karang1), I Made Kertayasa2),

and I G.A. Diah Valentina Lestari2)

1)

Department of Marine Sciences, Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran, Badung, Bali, Indonesia 80361

2)

Department of Physics, Udayana University, Kampus Bukit Jimbaran, Badung, Bali, Indonesia 80361

*)

E-mail: hendra_mil@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The impact of Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM) for the sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the Southern of Java and Lesser Sunda has been investigated. The Aqua MODIS satellite data has been used to investigating the SST distribution both spatially and temporally. The Dipole Mode Index (DMI) was calculated from 2003 until 2011 and found that 2010 has an indication as an IOD (Indian Ocean Dipole) year. It was coincide with the spatial change of SST distribution in the Southern of Java and Lesser Sunda. The temporal change has been investigating by wavelet transform, and found that the high spectrum indicated in 2010. It was clearly found that in 2010 the SST variability in the southern part of Java Island and the Lesser Sunda has a strong relationship with the IODM. Those relationship was confirmed through the spatial, temporal and wavelet analysis methods.

Keywords: IODM, MODIS, SST, wavelet

1. INTRODUCTION

El-Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) andthe Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM) are the largest earth climate phenomenon that has a connection with the sea surface

temperature (SST) anomaly. Several

investigation regarding to the influence of ENSO in the Indonesia seas has been conducted, such as: the influence of ENSO for the chlorophyll-a variability in the southern of Java (Susanto and Marra, 2005), the influence of ENSO for the upwelling in Java and Sumatra Sea (Susanto et al., 2001), and the influence of ENSO for the SST in the

Indonesian Seas (Nicholl, 1983).

Furthermore, some researches has been done regarding to the IODM phenomenon, such as: the dipole mode in the tropical area of the Indian Ocean (Saji et al., 1999), the structure of SST variability and surface wind in the

Indian Ocean during the IODM (Saji,

Yamagata, 2003), the influence of IODM for the rainfall in Indonesia (Hermawan, 2007), and the influence of IODM for the SST and

salinity in the Western of Sumatra

(Holliludin, 2009).

The IODM has an impact for the rainfall variability in some countries, such as Africa and Asia (Hu, Nita, 1996; Behera et al.,

2006; Harou et al., 2006). The SST

variability in the southern of Java and the western of Sumatra is one of the key factors for the IODM phenomenon, which is also occurred simultaneously with the changing of Indonesia season (Qu et al., 2005). The period of IODM is more than a year (interannual) (Saji et al., 1999 and 2003; Rao

et al., 2002) that could be influencing the

climate in Indonesia.

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12thBiennial Conference of Pan Ocean Remote Sensing Conference (PORSEC 2014) 04–07 November 2014, Bali-Indonesia

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global climate. This is due to the complex sea bottom topography of the Indonesian seas, and also connecting the Pacific and the Indian Ocean (Qu et al., 2005).From the numerical model and the field observation shows that a little change of SST in Indonesia could give a high change on the rainfall in the Indo-pacific (Miller et al., 1992; McBride et al., 2003; Ashok et al.,

2001; Neale, Slingo, 2003). The SST

variability in Indonesia seas is also important for the ecology point of view, since the Indonesia Sea has a rich of the ocean biodiversity. Therefore the investigation of SST variability and its characteristics become a substantial work. In this study, we used the satellite data to make an investigation of SST variability and its characteristics in the southern of Java and the lesser Sunda.

Remote sensing technology had been widely used to observe the ocean resources.

The Moderate Resolution Imaging

Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is one of the satellite imaging that can be used easily to

make a periodic SST observation.

Furthermore, the temporal analysis of SST data is done using wavelet transform, and hence the period and the time of the phenomenon can be analyzed.

1.1. Dipole Mode Index (DMI)

IODM signature are originally occurs in the Indian Ocean. It could be due to an increasing of SST in the western Indian Ocean (50 W - 70 W and 10 S - 10 N), and simultaneously decreasing of the SST in the

eastern part of Indian Ocean (90 W– 110 W

and 10 S - Equator) (Saji et al., 1999). The IODM is recognized by determining the Dipole Mode Index (DMI), which is the difference of SST anomaly between the western part and eastern part of Indian Ocean (Saji et al., 1999). Saji, et al. (1999) mentioned that the positive DMI (above 0.7) is the indication of the positive IODM phenomenon, whereas the negative of the DMI (below -0.7) is indicating the negative IODM phenomenon. The more positive the

IODM, the higher SST in the western Indian Ocean will be. This makes the convection increase around the western part of the Indian Ocean. However, the eastern part of

Indian Ocean will experience drought

(including some areas in Indonesia). The opposite phenomenon will occur during the negative IODM.

1.2. Wavelet Transform

The wavelet transform is useful to analyze time series data that contain non-stationary

power at many different frequencies

(Foufoula-Georgiou and Kumar, 1995;

Daubechies, 1990). Torrence, and Compo (1997) proposed a Morlet Wavelet that used as the mother wavelet (Equation 1).

Ψ η = π / eω η e η / (1)

Where is the non-dimensional frequency

and was taken to be 6 in this study to satisfy the admissibility condition (Farge, 1992). This is known as the scaled wavelet, which is defined by:

Ψ

′

= / Ψ

′

(2)

Where s is the dilation parameter used to change the scale, and n is the translational parameters used as time shifting. The s-1/2is a normalization factor to maintain the total energy of the scaled wavelet constant.

The continuous wavelet transform (CWT)

of a discrete sequence xn is a convolution of

xn with the scaled wavelet functions and

translated from _Ψ 0(η) (Torrence and Compo,

1997):

= ′Ψ

′

1

′= 0

(3)

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585

= Ψ

1

= 0

(4)

where the angular frequence is defined by:

=

> (5)

Hence, the value of power spectum wavelet

| | can be found from the wavelet

equation aboved.

2. Data and Method

The data used in this research is SST derived from the Aqua MODIS satellite data. This data can be downloaded from NASA website (http://modis.gsfc.nasa.gov/) as a level 3 satellite data. The eight years monthly data from 2004 until 2011 were used for the SST analysis.

SST Aqua MODIS satellite data in the southern part of Java and Lesser Sunda are averaged spatially. The average value of SST in the western Indian Ocean and the eastern Indian Ocean also calculated to determine the DMI that will be used for IODM analysis.

IODM is an interannual phenomenon (Saji et al., 1999 and 2003, Rao et al., 2002, etc.), while the period of SST in Indonesia is less than one year. Therefore the monthly SST data from Aqua MODIS is then filtered. This should be done to remove the seasonal changes of each variable in order to obtain a more significant relationship between SST and IODM.

After the seasonal effects of the SST had been removed, the wavelet transform were applied (Equation 1-5). The power spectrum for each variable then used to determine the relationship between IODM period and SST variability in the study area.

3. RESULT AND DISCUSSION

3.1 Seasonal Characteristic ofSSTin the Indonesia Seas

Seasonal characteristic of SST from 2003-2011 during rainy and dry season are shown

in the figure 1 and figure 2. The

characteristic of SST during rainy season were determined by the averaged SST in December-January-February (DJF) period. While the June-July-August (JJA) data were used to find the SST characteristic in dry season. The SST in Indonesia during the rainy season are shows warmer rather than dry season. There is also a significant difference along the southern of Java Island until Arafuru and Banda Sea, which makes the SST becomes colder in dry season. It could be caused by the upwelling process due to the monsoon (Wyrtki, 1961 and Qu, 2005). However, warmer SST during the rainy season is caused by the downwelling process.

Figure 1. SST Characteristics during rainy season (December-January-February [DJF])

Beside the difference of SST condition, the SST anomaly is occurred during the dry seasons in 2007, 2008 and 2010 along the southern of Java Island until Banda Sea (Figure 1). It shows that the SST was decreasing. However, the increasing of SST was occurred during rainy season at 2005, 2009, and 2010 (Figure 2).

2003-2004

2005-2006

2004-2005

2006-2007

2007-2008 2008-2009

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Figure 2. SST Characteristics (June-July-August [JJA])

3.2 SST Variability alon part of Java Island Sunda

The temporal variabilit 2003-2011 along the southe and the lesser Sunda are show 3. During 2003 and 2004, t were less than 1 standard the rainy season (DJF per

the SST was greater t

deviation in 2011 during the period).

Further analysis of SST a in figure 4. The positive occurred in the middle of and end of 2010. Howeve anomalies were shown in

2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2007 2009 2010 2011 SST Anomaly 12thBiennial Conference of Pan Ocean Remote Sens

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586

cs during Dry Season

along the Southern and and the Lesser

bility of SST from southern part of Java shows in the figure 2004, the SST indicated rd deviation during period). Meanwhile, than 1 standard the dry season (JJA

T anomaly is shown tive anomaly were of 2005, early 2007 ever, the negative in the middle until

end of both 2003 and 2 2011. There is also the data that show a signif middle of 2010. It cou strong interannual oscill

Figure 3. SST Variability in Island and the Lesser S standard deviation (dash

Figure 4. SST Anomaly in Island and the Lesser S Filtered SST anomaly (bla deviation (gray dash line)

3.3 Dipole Mode Inde

DMI (Dipole Mode index that calculated fro

al., 1999). The data

monthly SST data d MODIS. Figure 5 is show during 2003-2011 and high DMI at end of 2004 end of 2006 and 2007, 2010 and end of 2011, w standard deviation (0.6 show that the negative 2004- 2007 and 2010, IODM occurred in 2006,

25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32

Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07

SS T ( de gr ee ce lci us ) Year -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 Jan-03Jan-04Jan-05Jan-06Jan-07 SS T A no m aly (d eg re e ce lci us ) Year Anomali SPL 2003 2004 2005 2006 2008 2007 2009 2010 2011 SST Anomaly

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nd 2006, and also end of he filtered SST anomaly nificant anomaly in the could be caused by a oscillation effect.

in the Southern part of Java r Sunda (bold line), and 1 ash line)

in Southern part of Java r Sunda (black bold line), (black dash line), 1 standard ine)

dex (DMI)

ode Index) is an IODM

d from SST data (Saji et ta used were 9 years derived from Aqua s show the DMI value nd has an indication of 2004 until early of 2005, 2007, and also middle of , which are more than 1 0.6oC). Figure 5 is also ive IODM occurred in 2010, while the positive n 2006, 2007 and 2011.

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587

Figure 5. Dipole Mode Index (DM and 1 standard deviation (dash

3.4 Wavelet Transform

The power spectrum ( 95% confidence level (bold founded at midle of 2009 period isaround 1 until 2 The IODM is clearly occur the period of 2 years. variability of SST shown t temperature is higher than in the same year (Figure 3) study area is spatially incr the highest is occurred in 2010 h). And the global wavelet

shown that the IODM

periodically with time period 5 years globally (Figure 6b)

Figure 6. a. Power Spectrum Wavelet Spectrum (GWS) for

Figure 7 shows the po SST in the southern part of

-2,5 -1,5 -0,5 0,5 1,5 2,5

Jan-03 Jan-04 Jan-05 Jan-06 Jan-07 Jan-08

DM I ( de gr ee ce lci us ) Year

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 -4 -2 0 2 4 Time (year) (m s -1)

a) Standardize rainfall (monthly)

Time (year) P e ri o d ( y e a rs ) DMI

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1 2 4 8 16 32

0 1 2 3 4 5 Power (m2_s-2₎

c) DMI Global Wavelet Spectrum

20030 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 Time (year) A v g v a ri a n c e ( m 2s -2)

d) 2-7 yr rainfall Scale-average Time Series

(b) (a)

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12thBiennial Conference of Pan Ocean Remote Sens 04–07

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(DMI) (black bold line), ash line)

(PS) of DMIwith old countur line) are 09 until 2011. The 2 year (Figure 6a). curred in 2010 with ars. However, the n that the minimum han normal condition 3). The SST in the ncreasein 2009 and n 2010 (Figure 1

g-let spectrum (GWS)

DM wereoccurred

eriod around 1 until 6b).

m of DMI, b. Global for DMI

power spectrum of t of Java Island and

Lesser Sunda. The period with 95% confidence l 2003 to 2006 with tim Meanwhile, the time pe is 1 to 4 years. Howeve that shown by the powe to 2006 is not coinci power spectrum. It might annual phenomenon of (El-nino southern oscill of that, the variability o pattern with the DMI southern part of Java Sunda has the same peri as shown in the GWS gr

Figure 7. Wavelet transform Island and Lesser Sunda SST, b) Global Wavelet S

In order to determ between SST variabilit southern part of Java Sunda, the correlation the power spectrum of been calculated (Figure the figure 8 refers to level. Hence, the cor above the confidence l significant correlation. correlation above the 95% which is show a si between DMI and SST of Java Island and

Jan-08 Jan-09 Jan-10 Jan-11

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 -4 -2 0 2 4 Time (year) (m s -1)

a) Standardize rainfall (monthly)

Time (year) P e ri o d ( y e a rs ) DMI

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1 2 4 8 16 32

0 1 2 3 4 5 Power (m2_s-2₎

c) DMI Global Wavelet Spectrum

20030 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 Time (year) A v g v a ri a n c e ( m 2s -2)

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 -2 0 2 4 Time (year) (m s -1)

a) Standardize SST (monthly)

Time (year) P e ri o d ( y e a rs ) SPL JAWA-BALI-NT

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1 2 4 8 16 32

0 2 4 6 8 Power (C2₎

c) Global Wavelet JAWA-BALI-NT

20030 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 Time (year) A v g v a ri a n c e ( C 2)

1 2 4 8 16 32

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Po we r ( C 2) SPL JAWA-BALI-NT period (year) (b) (a) (a) (b

ensing Conference (PORSEC 2014) 07 November 2014, Bali-Indonesia

587

period of SST variability e level are founded at ime period of 1.5 year. period in 2009 to 2011 ever the SST variability power spectrum for 2003 nciding with the DMI ight be caused by the of the Pacific Ocean oscillation-ENSO). Beside y of SST has the similar I in 2010. SST in the va Island and Lesser periodicity with the DMI

graph.

rm in southern part of Java nda, a) Power Spectrum of let Spectrum (GWS) for SST

rmine the relationship bility and IODM in the va Island and Lesser on coefficient between of SST and DMI had ure 8). The dot line in to the 95% confidence correlation coefficient e level concluded as a on. There is a positive 95% confidence level, significant correlation ST in the southern part nd Lesser Sunda. The

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 -2 0 2 4 Time (year) (m s -1)

a) Standardize SST (monthly)

Time (year) P e ri o d ( y e a rs ) SPL JAWA-BALI-NT

2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 1 2 4 8 16 32

0 2 4 6 8 Power (C2₎

c) Global Wavelet JAWA-BALI-NT

20030 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 Time (year) A v g v a ri a n c e ( C 2)

1 2 4 8 16 32

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significant positive correlations occurred in the 1.5 to 1.7 years, 2.2 to 2.8 years, and 4.7 to 5years’ time period. The result states that SST in the southern of Java Island and Lesser Sunda got a lot of impact from the IODM during those periods. While a strong negative correlation may indicate that the annual variability of SST is caused by other phenomenon.

Figure 8. Power Spectrum Correlation

4. CONCLUSION

The relationship between SST variability and the IODM in the southern part of Java Island and Lesser Sunda can be confirmed by using the Aqua Modis Satellite data. It is clearly shown in 2010 that SST in those regions has a strong relationship with IODM phenomenon. This relationship is well confirmed by spatial, temporal and even by the wavelet method.

For further study, the numerical

simulation will be useful to find an impact for the ecology and climate condition in Indonesia, weather by the assimilation of satellite data or the in situ data.

Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Udayana University who was supported under the

scheme of “Hibah Penelitian Unggulan

Universitas Udayana” with contract number:

21.20/UN14/LPPM/2012.

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