commit to user
LEARNING STRATEGIES OF NON AUDITORY STYLE STUDENTS ON
LISTENING
(A Case Study at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Klaten in Academic Year of
2013/2014)
Thesis
Written as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Graduate Degree of
English Education
By:
Deni Ariyansyah
S891302014
ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
GRADUATE PROGRAM
TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
SURAKARTA
commit to user
ii
ABSTRACT
Deni Ariyansyah. S891302014. 2014. Learning Strategies of Non Auditory
Style Students on Listening (A Case Study at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Klaten in Academic Year of 2013/2014). First Consultant: Dra. Diah Kristina, M. A., Ph. D. Second Consultant: Dr. Hersulastuti, M. Hum. Surakarta: English Department. Graduate Program of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta.
This research has three objectives including to: 1) describe the difficulties faced by non auditory style students on listening, 2) explore the learning strategies used by non auditory style students on listening, 3) explore the reasons of the non auditory style students in using those learning strategies on listening.
This research was held in SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Klaten. It was conducted from March to June 2014. The research includes in case study. Sampling used in this research is purposive sampling. The participants are non auditory style students and English teacher. There are three sources of data; participants, event, and documents. The data are collected through four techniques including questionnaire, interview, observation, and document analysis. The data are analyzed using Interactive model proposed by Miles and Huberman.
The result of the research stated that there are (1) three main sources of difficulties faced by non auditory style students on listening involving from listening material, students themselves, and environment and setting. Relating to the materials, the students do not understand the meaning of many words. The non auditory students also feel difficult in differentiating English pronunciation. Noise also disturbs the non auditory students while they are in listening session. The other sources causing difficulties are from media and learning activities. The research also investigates the learning strategies used by non auditory students on listening. (2) Most of visual style students tend to use metacognitive and social strategies. The metacognitive strategies are planning their learning and paying attention. Meanwhile, the social strategies are asking for clarification and repetition, cooperating with others, and asking to their teacher. Kinesthetic style students prefer to use social and cognitive strategies. The social strategies are
asking for clarification and repetition, cooperating with others, and asking to their
teacher. The cognitive strategy is taking notes. In this research, the researcher also found that the visual style students memorize new English words by picture, meanwhile the kinesthetic style students use physical response. The last issue in this research is reasons of using the learning strategies. The result is that (3) the non auditory style students use the certain learning strategies because of four things. They are learning environment, motivation, listening proficiency, and characteristics.
commit to user
iii
APPROVAL
Title : LEARNING STRATEGIES OF NON AUDITORY STYLE
STUDENTS ON LISTENING (A Case Study at SMP Muhammadiyah
1 Klaten in Academic Year of 2013/2014)
Name : Deni Ariyansyah
No : S891302014
This thesis has been approved by the first consultant and the second consultant
Surakarta, 2014
First Consultant Second Consultant
Dra. Diah Kristina, M. A., Ph. D Dr. Hersulastuti, M. Hum
NIP 19590505 198601 2 001 NIP 19650421 198703 2 002
Approved by
The Head of English Education Department of Graduate School
commit to user
iv
Legitimation from the Board of Examiners
Title:
LEARNING STRATEGIES OF NON AUDITORY STYLE STUDENTS ON
LISTENING (A Case Study at SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Klaten in Academic Year
of 2013/2014)
By
Deni Ariyansyah
This thesis has been examined by the Board of Thesis Examiners of Graduate
School of English Education of Sebelas Maret University on 29th of October 2014
The Board of Examiners Signature
Chairman Dr. Abdul Asib, M. Pd ____________
Secretary Dra. Dewi Rochsantiningsih, M. Ed. Ph. D ____________
Examiner I Dra. Diah Kristina, M. A., Ph. D ____________
Examiner II Dr. Hersulastuti, M. Hum ____________
Legalized by
Dean of Teacher Training and The Head of English Department of
Education Faculty Graduate Program
Prof. Dr. M. Furqon Hidayatulloh, M. Pd Dr. Abdul Asib, M. Pd
commit to user
v
PRONOUNCEMENT
This is to certify that I myself write this thesis entitled “Learning Strategies of
Non Auditory Style Students on Listening (A Case Study at SMP Muhammadiyah
1 Klaten in Academic Year of 2013/2014)” is not plagiarism or made by others.
Anything related to other’s work is written in quotation, the source of which is
listed in bibliography.
If then this pronouncement is incorrect, I am ready to accept any academic
punishment, including the withdrawal or cancellation of my academic degree.
Surakarta,
commit to user
vi
MOTTO
Alloh will raise to high ranks those that have faith and knowledge
commit to user
vii
DEDICATION
This thesis is dedicated to:
1. My beloved father and mother
2. My beloved brother
commit to user
viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The true praise belongs to Alloh SWT for His bless and mercy, so that the
researcher is able to finish this thesis. This thesis is impossible to finish without
other people’s favors. Therefore, the researcher would like to gratitude and send high appreciation to:
1. Prof. Dr. M. Furqon Hidayatulloh, M. Pd., the Dean of Teacher Training and
Education Faculty, for his approval on this thesis.
2. Dr. Abdul Asib, M. Pd., the Head of English Education Department of
Graduate Program.
3. Dra. Diah Kristina, M. A., Ph. D, the first consultant, who has guided the
researcher in finishing this thesis.
4. Dr. Hersulastuti, M. Hum, the second consultant, who has guided the
researcher in finishing this thesis.
5. Priyono, S. Pd, the headmaster of SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Klaten, who has
permitted the researcher to hold the research.
6. Ratih Septiana, S. Pd, the English teacher of SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Klaten,
who has helped the researcher during research.
7. Non auditory style students of SMP Muhammadiyah 1 Klaten as participant of
the research.
The researcher hopes critics and suggestion from the readers. Finally, the
researcher hopes that this thesis can be useful for the readers.
Surakarta,
commit to user
LEGITIMATION FROM THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS ……… iv
PRONOUNCEMENT ………... v
LIST OF ABBREVIATION ……… xiii
LIST OF APPENDICES ………. xiv
CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER II. LITERATURE REVIEW A. Nature of Learning Strategies ………. 7
1. Definitions of Learning Strategies ……….. 7
2. Features of Learning Strategies ……….. 8
3. Category of Learning Strategies ………. 10
4. Relationship between Learning Strategies and Learner Styles …….. 24
5. Learning Strategies on Listening ……… 25
B. Nature of Learner Style ……….. 28
1. Definition of Learner Style ……… 28
commit to user
4. Listening Activities ……….. 39
5. Listening Assessment ……….. 42
D. Review of Related Study ………. 46
CHAPTER III. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY A. Research Design… ………... 48
F. Trustworthiness ……… 54
G. Technique of Analyzing the Data ………. 55
CHAPTER IV. RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION A. Research Findings ……… 59
B. Discussion ……… 76
CHAPTER V. CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION AND SUGGESTION A. Conclusion ……… 84
B. Implication ………... 88
C. Suggestion ……… 89
BIBLIOGRAPHY ……….. 92
commit to user
xi
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1. Learning Strategies in Listening by Oxford ……….. 24
Table 2.2. Learning Strategy in Listening by O’Malley and Chamot………… 26
Table 2.3. Characteristics of Auditory and Non Auditory Learning Style …… 32
Table 3.1. Schedule of Research ……….... 49
Table 3.2. Research Mapping ……….. 54
Table 4.1. Difficulties of Non Auditory Style Students on Listening …………. 60
Table 4.2. Summary of Difficulties Faced by Non Auditory Style Students
on Listening ………. 64
Table 4.3. Average of Learning Strategies Used ………. 65
Table 4.4. Learning Strategies Used by Non Auditory Style Students
on Listening ………. 66
Table 4.5. Result of Research Findings in Learning Strategies of
Non Auditory Style Students on Listening ………. 71
Table 4.6. Reasons of Non Auditory Style Students in Choosing
commit to user
xii
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 2.1. Diagram of Memory Strategies ………. 13
Figure 2.2. Diagram of Cognitive Strategies ……….. 15
Figure 2.3. Diagram of Compensation Strategies ……… 17
Figure 2.4. Diagram of Metacognitive Strategies ……… 19
Figure 2.5. Diagram of Affective Strategies ……… 21
Figure 2.6. Diagram of Social Strategies ………. 23
commit to user
xiii
LIST OF ABBREVIATION
DH : Name of the first student employed in preliminary interview
PLSPQ : Perceptual Learning Style Preference Questionnaire
R : Researcher
RS : Name of English teacher
SILL : Strategy Inventory of Language Learning
commit to user
xiv
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix 1. Permission Letter of Research ………. 98
Appendix 2. Questionnaire to Find Students’ Learning Style………. 99
Appendix 3. Questionnaire for Finding out Learning Strategy Used by Non Auditory Students on Listening ……… 100
Appendix 4. Answering and Scoring the Strategy Inventory for Language Learning (SILL) ………. 102
Appendix 5. SILL Scoring Worksheet ……….. 103
Appendix 6. Questionnaire for Finding Difficulties Faced by Non Auditory Style Students ……….. 104
Appendix 7. Field Note of Observation ……… 106
Appendix 8. Field Note of Observation ……… 108
Appendix 9. Field Note of Observation ……… 110
Appendix 10. Lesson Plan ………. 112
Appendix 11. Example of Listening Material and Exercise ……….. 115
Appendix 12. Interview Transcript ……… 117
Appendix 13. Photographs ……… 121
commit to user
