A STUDY ON GRAMMATICAL ERRORS MADE BY
STUDENTS OF SMP NEGERI 1 NGANTANG
THESIS
Written By: NURVEDI EKO HADI
NIM. 06360161
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHING TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
A STUDY ON GRAMMATICAL ERRORS MADE BY
STUDENTS OF SMP NEGERI 1 NGANTANG
THESIS
This Thesis is Submitted to Meet One of the Requirements to Achieve Sarjana degree in English Education
Written By: NURVEDI EKO HADI
NIM. 06360161
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF TEACHING TRAINING AND EDUCATION
UNIVERSITY OF MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG
This Thesis written by Nurvedi Eko Hadi was approved on January 25, 2011
Advisor I Advisor II
This thesis was defended in front of the examiners of Faculty of Teacher Training and Education of University Muhammadiyah of Malang
and accepted as one of the requirements to achieve Sarjana Degree in English Education
on January 25, 2011
Approved by:
Faculty of Teacher Training and Education University Muhammadiyah of Malang
Dean,
Drs. H. Fauzan, M.Pd.
Examiners:
1. Dra. Thathit Manon Andini, M.Hum. 1. ………
2. Riza Elfana, M.A. 2. ……… 3. Ahmad Thohir Yoga, M.Pd, M.Ed. 3. ………
MOTTO:
There is no end for struggle, this is just beginning. Keep the memories deep down your heart to prepare the bright future and stay holds our hand into whom we believe.
(dnufe vd)
Dedicated:
My beloved parent, my brother and all my family
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
After approximately eleven months’ hard work, the writer completed this thesis. During the writing process, a number of students, Head Master and staff, English teacher of SMP Negeri 1 Ngantang supported the writer’s research. To all of them, the writer can only say “thank you”.
The writer thank to Mr. Ahmad Thohir Yoga, M.Pd., M.Ed. and Mr. Drs. Jarum, M.Ed., lecturer of the English Department of University Muhammadiyah Malang for being the advisor through the finishing this thesis. He also thanks all lecturers at the English Department of University Muhammadiyah Malang for their encouragement.
The writer special thanks go to all of my friends who give the feedback after pre-reading this thesis during the writing process.
Malang, January 25, 2011
A STUDY ON GRAMMATICAL ERRORS MADE BY STUDENTS OF SMP NEGERI 1 NGANTANG
ABSTRACT
English, as a foreign language in Indonesia, is taught formally from elementary schools to college. English which is used by many people around the world has very complex structure, including classes of words (parts of speech), meanings of words (semantics), how words are organized in relation to each other (syntax), how words are formed (morphology), the sounds of words (phonology) and how written forms represent these (lexicography). In terms of grammar, learners possibly made grammatical errors in their language learning process. Sometimes the learners repeated the same errors when they were practicing their learned language. This thesis is focused on an error analysis in grammatical errors especially errors in parts of speech. The purposes of the study were (1) to know the kinds of grammatical errors made by students of SMP Negeri 1 Ngantang (2) to know the most dominant grammatical error made by students of SMP Negeri 1 Ngantang.
The writer used descriptive qualitative as the research design. The sample of the study was the 2nd year students of SMP Negeri 1 Ngantang. There were 37 students. Meanwhile, the instruments used were tests and document analysis. The data was analyzed descriptively.
The errors collected are identified and classified based on the type. The findings present the frequency of occurrence of each error type. The highest percentages of error were in the verb, Adjective and conjunction errors, although the highest percentage of whole errors happens in the verb error. The lowest percentages of errors occurred in the noun error It is hoped that this study will give a new perspective in the advanced learners' grammatical errors, and provide data for teachers and syllabus designers dealing with English Grammar.
Key words: grammatical errors, parts of speech, types, frequency of errors.
Malang, 13 Januari 2011
The Advisor The Writer
A STUDY ON GRAMMATICAL ERRORS MADE BY STUDENTS OF SMP NEGERI 1 NGANTANG
ABSTRAK
Bahasa Inggris sebagai bahasa asing di Indonesia, secara resmi diajarkan dari sekolah dasar sampai universitas. Bahasa Inggris digunakan oleh banyak orang di seluruh dunia yang memiliki struktur yang sangat kompleks, termasuk kelas kata (bagian dari pidato), makna kata (semantik), bagaimana kata-kata diorganisir dalam hubungan satu sama lain (sintaks), bagaimana kata-kata terbentuk (morfologi) , suara kata (fonologi) dan bagaimana bentuk tertulis (leksikografi ). Dalam hal tata bahasa, siswa dapat membuat kesalahan tata bahasa dalam proses pembelajaran bahasa mereka. Kadang-kadang para siswa mengulangi kesalahan yang sama ketika mereka berlatih bahasa yang mereka pelajari.skripsi ini fokus kepada analisis kesalahan dalam kesalahan tata bahasa, terutama kesalahan dalam bagian kalimat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) untuk menentukan jenis kesalahan tata bahasa yang dibuat oleh siswa SMP Negeri 1 Ngantang (2) untuk menentukan kesalahan tata bahasa yang paling dominan yang dibuat oleh siswa SMP Negeri 1 Ngantang.
Penulis menggunakan desain penelitian deskriptif kualitatif.sedangkan sampel yang diambil adalah siswa kelas 2 SMP Negeri 1 Ngantang dan di ambil secara acak. Sample yang diambil sebanyak 37 siswa. Sementara itu, instrumen yang digunakan adalah tes dan analisa dokumen. Kemudian data dianalisis secara deskriptif.
Kesalahan yang didapat dari analisa dokumen kemudian diidentifikasi dan diklasifikan berdasarkan tipenya. Bab terakhir menjelaskan tentang frekuensi terjadinya kesalahan pada semua tipe kesalahan. Persentasi kesalahan tertinggi terjadi pada kesalahan kata kerja, kata sifat, dan juga konjugasi, meskipun persentasi tertinggi untuk keseluruhan kesalahan terjadi di kesalahan tentang kata kerja. Persentasi kesalahan terendah terjadi pada kesalahan tentang kata benda. Dari penelitian ni diharapkan dapat memberi pandangan baru untuk belajar lebih jauh tentang kesalahan tata bahasa, dan melengkapi data para guru dan pembuat silabus yang berkaitan dengan tata bahasa.
Kata kunci: kesalahan tata bahasa, kelas kata, macam kesalahan, frekuensi kesalahan
Malang, 13 Januari 2011
Pembimbing Penulis
TABLE OF CONTENT
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ………..……….….i
ABSTRACT ………..………... ii
TABLE OF CONTENT …..………..………. iii
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION 1.1. Background of the Study ………1
1.2. Statements of Problem …...4
1.3. Research Objective ………...4
1.4. Significance of Study ………..4
1.5. Scope and Limitation …….……….5
1.6. Definition of the Key term …….……… 5
CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 2.1. The Error and Mistake …….………...7
2.2. Sources of Error ………... 8
2.3 Error Analysis …………..……….. 9
2.4 Types of Error ………..……...…...10
2.4.1 Linguistic Category Taxonomy ….………...…… 10
2.4.1.2 Grammar Error ……….………...………...13
2.4.2 Surface Strategy Taxonomy.……….………..22
2.4.2.1 Omision …..………...……….……...23 2.4.2.2 Addition ………..……….23 2.4.2.3 Misformation ………..………...24 2.4.2.4 Misordering ……….………....24 2.4.3 Comparative Taxonomy …………...……….…24 2.4.3.1 Developmental Error ……….……….…24 2.4.3.2 Interlingual Error ……….………....25
2.4.4 Communicative Effect Taxonomy Error …………...………....25
2.4.4.1 Global Errors ………...25
2.4.4.2 Local Errors ………...26
2.4.5 Identifying Parts of Speech ………..………...27
2.4.5.1 Nouns ………..27 2.4.5.2 Verbs ………...28 2.4.5.3 Pronoun ………..…….28 2.4.5.4 Adjectives ………...39 2.4.5.5 Adverbs ………...30 2.4.5.6 Prepositions ………...31 2.4.5.7 Conjunctions ………...32 2.4.5.8 Interjections ………...32
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY 3.1 Research Design ……….…..……35
3.2 Population and Sample ………..…….….…….35
3.3 Data Collection ……….37
3.4 Data Analysis ………40
CHAPTER IV: DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDING 4.1 Data Analysis ………41
4.1.1 Data Presentation and Classification ………41
4.2 Error Description ………..42
4.2.1 Comparison of errors in using noun ……….43
4.2.2 Comparison of errors in using pronoun ………....44
4.2.3 Comparison of errors in using verb ………..45
4.2.4 Comparison of errors in using adjective ………..46
4.2.5 Comparison of errors in using adverb ………..47
4.2.6 Comparison of errors in using preposition ……….…..48
4.2.7 Comparison of errors in using conjunction ………..…48
4.2.8 Comparison of errors in using Interjection ………….….…49
4.2.9 Comparison of error in the final test ………..…..49
4.3 Summary of the findings ……….51
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 5.1 Conclusion ………..54
5.2 Suggestions ……….54 REFERENCE
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