STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS MAKROFAUNA TANAH PADA LAHAN PERTANIAN ANORGANIK DAN ORGANIK
DI KABUPATEN KARO
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas makrofauna tanah pada lahan pertanian anorganik dan organik di kabupaten karo, dilakukan pada bulan Juni 2013. Penempatan plot sampling dengan metode Purposive Random Sampling. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode Pitfall Trap, Kuadrat dan Hand Sorting. Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan 3 filum. 8 kelas, 17 ordo, 28 famili dan 32 spesies makrofauna tanah. Nilai kepadatan total tertinggi pada lokasi II (lahan pertanian organik) sebesar 404,100 Ind/m2 sedangkan lokasi I (lahan pertanian anorganik) sebesar 265,455 Ind/m2. Nilai frekuensi kehadiran pada kedua lokasi relatif sama yaitu antara Aksidental dan Assesori. Makrofauna tanah karakteristik yang ditemukan adalah Nitidula rufipes dan Odontoponera denticulata. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman tertinggi pada lokasi II dengan nilai sebesar 2,743 sedangkan lokasi I sebesar 2,582. Nilai indeks keseragaman tertinggi pada lokasi I dengan nilai sebesar 0,823 sedangkan lokasi II sebesar 0,806. Nilai indeks kesamaan makrofauna tanah kedua lokasi tergolong sangat mirip dengan nilai 79,245%. Uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan hubungan yang bervariasi antara faktor fisik dan kimia tanah dengan filum makrofauna tanah yang ditemukan.
Kata kunci: Makrofauna tanah, Pertanian Anorganik, Pertanian organik, Struktur komunitas
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE OF SOIL MACROFAUNA IN ANORGANIC AND ORGANIC FARMLAND
AT KARO REGENCY
ABSTRACT
This study was aimed to know about community structure of soil macrofauna in anorganic and organic farmland at Karo regency, was done in June 2013. The sampling point is determined using Purposive Random Sampling. Conducted using Pitfall Trap, Squares and Hand Sorting method. The number of soil macrofauna obtained includes 3 phyla, 8 classes, 17 orders, 28 families and 32 species. Location II (organic farmland) has the highest density of 404,100 Ind/m2 while location I (anorganic farmland) has the density of 265,455 Ind/m2. Rated frequency of attendance at both locations are relatively similar between Accidental and Assesori. Soil macrofauna characteristics is Nitidula rufipes and Odontoponera denticulata. The highest diversity index value is obtained at the location II with a value of 2,743, while the location I has the value of 2,582. The highest equitability index value is obtained at the location I with a value of 0,823, while the location II has the value of 0,806. Similarity index value of soil macrofauna of both locations is very similar to the value of 79,245%. Pearson correlation test showed varying relationships between soil physical and chemical factors with soil macrofauna phyla were found.
Keyword: Soil Macrofauna, Anorganik Farmland, Organik Fa rmland, Community Structure
