1 1.1Background
Literature contributes in some majors parts in humans daily life and is able to make people become more imaginative. Literature is a kind of artistic writing which is especially imaginative, fictional and creative. And the word of literature itself is described like many ways. Literary works are commonly written and found in human affairs, such as novel, short story, movie, etc. In this study, the writer will use novel as the object. Literature could be connected with some theories or approaches to analyze the components of literature itself.
Many novels told about someone’s personality, and the writer chose a novel
entitled Not A Day Goes By. Novel is one of literary works that reflects human daily life and novel is written fictional prose narratives of substantial experience length and complexity. The writer chose Not A Day Goes By because this novel has a great story. What makes Not A Day Goes By have a great story is that the author of this novel brought the homosexual issue, which is still not accepted in some countries into this novel and how the main character, Basil, deals with the issue. It makes the readers curious about the next chapter in this novel.
Not A Day Goes By was published in 2000 and written by E. Lynn Harris.
Not A Day Goes By told about John Basil Henderson who has always played the
surprised everyone, including himself, by running to his past while a lavish wedding is planned Yancey Harrington Braxton. A fiercely driven Broadway star on the rise, blessed with beauty, charm, and a fondness for the finer things in life, she appears to be his ideal mate. The author successfully serves the reader a great story with great conflict from the main character, John Basil Henderson. Not A Day Goes By is best seller novel chosen by The USA Today and New York Times, also Not A Day Goes By is the number one of publishers weekly and blackboard bestseller of San Fransisco Chronicle, Washington Post, Wall Street Journal, Houston Chronicle, and Phildelphia Inquirer Bestseller.
John Basil Henderson or usually called Basil is someone who has complicated personality. Basil tried to be a normal guy, but he always tempted to return to be a gay and the writer is interested to analyze this. He successfully surprised the readers in every section of the novel by his action or his clash in himself. And that is why the writer chosen the main character of Not A Day Goes By, not the other character to analyze and why the writer chosen the main character named Basil as the point to analyze? Because Basil has an interesting
personality. Basil’s personality and what defense he has in a clash in his mind and
heart are interesting to be discussed. For the reason that its about personality and clashing in self, the writer thought used Psychoanalysis theory is the proper theory to solve the problem.
with a man. And absotulety, people has a clash or conflict itself, between mind, heart, reality, and society. People differ in their ego defense mechanism which control expression of forces in personality and psychoanalysis provides a method for overcoming psychological conflict. According to Freud theory of personality, the writer thought that Basil is the main character of Not A Day Goes By that very
interesting to be analyzed, so the writer chose Basil. Freud’s Psychoanalysis
theory are used because inside the Psychoanalysis, there are theory of id, ego, superego, anxiety, and defense mechanism that are suitable for the analysis of
Basil’s personality.
The writer used Psychoanalysis theory from Sigmund Freud because the theory is proper for analyzing personality from Basil. Basil always had a clash on his mind, whether to follow his heart or listen to what others said, as a result of the actions he did. The Psychonalysis theory from Freud is very complete from Three Psychic Zones, anxiety, until the defense mechanism of personality. With
the use of this theory, the writer will be able to find Basil’s id, ego, superego, the anxiety, and the defense mechanism. So, the writer decided to use Three Psychic Zones, anxiety theory, and the defense mechanism theory to analyze the personality of Basil as the main character of novel Not A Day Goes By.
1.2Problem Formulation
did, the writer would like to find his true personality, therefore the problems are formulated as follow:
1. What are events that construct plot in Basil’s view?
2. What are Basil’s id, ego, superego, anxiety, and the defense mechanism in
Not A Day Goes Byseen from Freud’s theory?
3. What is Basil’s personality in novel Not A Day Goes By?
1.3Objectives of The Study
The main objective of this study is to find the solution to the problem stated above, that is to find Basil true personality. However, in finding the ultimate goal, there are some questions that need to answer. Those questions are formulated to find these following objectives:
1. To seen the action of Basil in every stages of plot in novel Not A Day Goes By.
2. To find out the id, ego and superego that worked on Basil, the anxiety, and also the defense that Basil used to survive in Not A Day Goes By based or seen from Freud’s theory.
3. To find out the true personality of Basil in Not A Day Goes By.
1.4Scope of The Study
This study will focus on Basil as the main character of novel Not A Day Goes By. To make the analysis better, the writer will concentrate on plot of the
1.5Significance of The Study
The writer hopes the reader can understand more why someone has different personality, and sometimes the condition or environmental could change
someone’s personality. The way Basil used defense mechanism to fight his mind or himself become inspiration that every human must have a defense mechanism
for itself. Also the reader knows there’s great novel Not A Day Goes By which we can learning more for this novel.
1.6Definition of Terms
In order to have similar understanding between the writer and the readers, there are several terms that need to define. The terms used in this study are: 1.6.1 Plot
Plot is the way the story event’s arranged. Plot divided into 5 stages:
exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution or denoument.
1.6.2 Freud’s Three Physic Zones:
Id contains biological drives. It is hedonistic and aims to satisfy its urges, which reduces tension and brings pleasure. And the motivation of id is to seek pleasure and to avoid pain of everything.
Superego represented our morality aspect. Contains dreams that we fight and follow the reality in society, especially rules in family and society. The superego develops at a young age. 1.6.3 Anxiety is an aversive inner state or feeling that people seek to avoid
or escape. If someone felt anxiety and did not used any defense mechanism, it could be that someone following his or her id or it could be crazy because there was a clashing between id, ego, and superego. There are three types of anxiety: neurotic anxiety, moral anxiety, and realistic anxiety.
1.6.4 Defense Mechanism is strategies to solve intrapsychic conflic or problems. All defense mechanisms begin with repression of
unacceptable impulses. There are 9 defense mechanism in Freud’s
