THE INFLUENCE OF EDWARD AND ALICE CULLEN’S
PERSONALITY ON BELLA SWAN’S PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT ON MEYER’S
TWILIGHT
AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree ofSarjana Sastra
in English Letters
By
NURVITA WIJAYANTI
Student Number: 07 4214 083
ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS
FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY
i
THE INFLUENCE OF EDWARD AND ALICE CULLEN’S
PERSONALITY ON BELLA SWAN’S PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT ON MEYER’S
TWILIGHT
AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree ofSarjana Sastra
in English Letters
By
NURVITA WIJAYANTI
Student Number: 07 4214 083
ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS
FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY
iv
v
For
vii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First of all, the writer would like to thank Allah SWT whom she believes
always guide her through the finishing her thesis. The writer’s deepest gratitude
goes to her beloved parents: Martini Lastianingsih, S.H. for her unconditional love, prayer, patience, and support; and (alm) Pranoto, S.H. for his inspiring figure.
The writer is heartily thankful to her advisor, Drs. Hirmawan Wijanarka, M.Hum., whose encouragement, guidance and support from the initial to the final step enabled her to develop an understanding of the subject. Her
deepest gratitude also goes to her co-advisorModesta Luluk Artika Windrasti, S.S. without their knowledge and assistance this study would not have been successful.
Special thanks are given to people who directly or indirectly are involved
in the making of this thesis. Thanks to her best-ever friends: Hafsyah, Edwin
Sugara, Josephine Dewi Utami, Billy Talusakata, Sabina Pristiwati, and Redys
Febrianti who always give their best wishes for her. Thanks to her siblings and
cousins: Fajar Putra P., Yudanti K.D, Artika Diah, Henriono Harugraha,
Retnaning Pratiwi, Lavisesa K, Diora I.D, and Nuvi G. who never forget to give
their spirit for her. Last but not least, the writer would like to thanks to the super
lecturers, the kind librarians and her classmates of 2007 who are always in the
writer’s heart.
viii
A. Background of the Study... 1
B. Problem Formulation... 3
C. Objectives of the Study ... 4
D. Definition of Terms... 4
CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL REVIEW ... 6
A. Review of Related Studies ... 6
B. Review of Related Theories... 8
1. Theory of Character and Characterization ... 8
2. Theory of the Relation between Literature and Psychology... 12
3. Theory of Traits ... 13
4. Theory of Personality Development ... 14
C. Theoretical Framework ... 18
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ... 19
A. Object of the Study ... 19
B. Approach of the Study ... 20
C. Method of the Study... 21
CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS ... 23
A. The Personality of Bella Swan before and after Mingling with Edward Cullen and Alice Cullen ... 23
1. Personality of Bella Swan before Mingling with the Cullen ... 24
2. Personality of Bella Swan after Mingling with the Cullen ... 31
B. The Personality of the Cullen ... 34
1. The Personality of Edward Cullen ... 34
2. The Personality of Alice Cullen... 39
ix
x
ABSTRACT
NURVITA WIJAYANTI. The Influence of Edward and Alice Cullen’s Personality on Bella Swan’s Personality Development on Meyer’s Twilight. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University, 2011.
This thesis discusses Meyer’s novel entitled Twilight. This novel tells about Bella Swan’s experiences; meeting and mingling with vampires. She is the main character who narrates the story so that all of the thoughts come from her. Her interaction with the vampires named Edward and Alice Cullen who make her personality develop. Therefore, the writer wants to prove that personality is not always in a stable belief. It can develop through the influence of others’ personalities.
There are three problems in the form of questions concerning the topic of the thesis. The first is to find out the personality of Bella Swan and her personality that develops. The second is to describe Edward Cullen and Alice Cullen’s personality that will influence Bella Swan’s personality. The last will show Edward and Alice Cullen’s personality influence Bella Swan’s personality development.
The method of this study is library research, using a novel entitled Twilightby Stephenie Meyer as the primary source of the analysis. The secondary sources used to find the theories and the references are psychological theories and literature theories. Since the thesis deals with personality, the writer uses psychological approach to analyze the personality development on the main character.
xi
ABSTRAK
NURVITA WIJAYANTI. The Influence of Edward and Alice Cullen’s Personality on Bella Swan’s Personality Development on Meyer’s Twilight. Yogyakarta: Jurusan Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma, 2011.
Skripsi ini mendiskusikan mengenai sebuah novel oleh Meyer berjudul Twilight.Novel ini bercerita tentang pengalaman Bella Swan bertemu dan bergaul dengan para vampir. Dia adalah karakter utama yang menarasikan cerita itu sendiri sehingga semua pikiran-pikiran datang darinya. Interaksinya dengan para vampir yang bernama Edward dan Alice Cullen membuat kepribadiannya berkembang. Oleh karena itu, penulis ingin membuktikan bahwa kepribadian adalah sesuatu yang tidak selalu stabil. Kepribadian dapat berkembang melalui pengaruh dari kepribadian-kepribadian lainnya.
Dalam skripsi ini ada tiga masalah dalam bentuk pertanyaan menyangkut tentang topik yang diambil. Pertanyaan pertama untuk menganalisa kepribadian Bella Swan dan kepribadiannya yang berkembang. Pertanyaan kedua adalah untuk mendiskripsikan kepribadian dari Edward dan Alice Cullen yang akan mempengaruhi kepribadian Bella Swan. Pertanyaan terakhir akan menganalisa tentang bagaimana kepribadian Edward dan Alice Cullen mempengaruhi perkembangan kepribadian Bella Swan.
1
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
Graham Little mentions in his book entitled Approach to Literature: An
Introduction to Critical Study of Content and Method in Writingthat the existence
of characters is important in literary pieces, particularly prose. An author uses its
complexity and other elements to shape a story (1981: 93). Characters in a novel
or a fiction give the story become meaningful. Without knowing the character,
pieces of literature cannot be perfect. Characters help the story reveal the conflict
and its resolution. Then, each character should have characteristics in order to get
the detail of the story.
Described in the first person point of view, Bella Swan’s characteristics
are described well and detail comparing to the other characters. It is seen from the
way she thinks about herself, behavior, and thought about the other characters. It
is important to note that the writer will only analyze Bella Swan’s characteristics
because this story was written in her point of view. As Peter Verdonk in his book
Stylistics says that any change in perspective or point of view from which a
fictional world is presented will result in a different story and give rise to a
different interpretation (2002: 30). Therefore, since this novel is narrated in the
first point of view, the story will be about Bella Swan’s interpretation to see her
The judge or the interpreter is always Bella Swan, meaning that the detail and the
objectivity will be unconvincing when the writer just put another character.
From the reason, the writer has chosen Bella Swan to be analyzed in her
characteristics since she will know everything about herself despite her
subjectivity toward herself and other characters.
Other reasons why the writer chooses this topic are because being
described as the first person in the novel, Bella’s characteristics are characterized
in detail rather than other characters. From this point, the writer could see that the
uniqueness is revealed from the character itself and the writer wants to explore
more about Bella and her personalities, which is in the form of psychological
term. The writer uses the term ‘personality’ rather than ‘characteristic’ because it
will be analyzed through the psychological point of view, which means Bella
Swan will be analyzed through the psyche study. As William Samuel says in
Personality: Searching for the Sources of Human Behaviour, the word
‘personality’ is used rather than ‘characteristics’ as it is stated “Both definitions
use the words “characteristics” or “characterize”, and there appears to be
agreement that personality implies some degree of individual uniqueness”
(Samuel, 1981: 324).
From the psychological view, the writer tries to find the changes about
Bella’s personality in her life facing many impossible things that is possible for
her and how Bella Swan can change her personalities after mingling with that kind
related to the psychological field, the topic was chosen to show the development
of Bella Swan’s personality through the analysis.
This novel is worthwhile to discuss because it talks about a character,
named Bella Swan who lives in the extraordinary environment. It is called so
because that environment is about mingle with vampires. On the other hand, Bella
who is from ordinary family has to mingle with her father. From those
environments, the writer wants to study more deeply about changing personality
of Bella Swan. However, the writer’s concern is not about the development from
childhood to teenager, but more like to prove that the term personality as most
define as stable beliefs (1962: 211), meaning that it will change in a long period of
age, actually can be flexible based on which environment that a person faced. In
this case, Bella will face two kinds of strong personalities and how these
personalities might change her personality. Since this study talks about
personality development, the writer uses psychology aspect to relate it to the
human psyche. Through this approach, the writer will prove the changes of the
character’s personality.
A. Problem Formulation
1. How are Bella Swan’s personality and its development described?
2. How are Edward and Alice Cullen’s personalities described?
3. How do Edward and Alice Cullen’s personalities influence Bella Swan’s
B. Objectives of the Study
The purpose of the study is to describe and to give the answer of the three
problem formulation above.
Since the study has a purpose to analyze the personality development of
the major character, the main purpose is firstly to describe the personality and
personality that develops of Bella Swan as the major character.
The second purpose is to describe other personalities, in this case, Edward
and Alice Cullen who have strong influence toward Bella Swan’s personality
development.
The third is to show the influencing from Edward and Alice Cullen’s
personalities toward Bella Swan’s personality development.
C. Definition of Term
There are some terms that support the analysis. Those terms are
personality, development, and influence. The purpose is to make an agreement in
the using of those terms.
Personality has many definitions by the experts in psychology, as the
theory by Robert A Baron states that personality can be defined as an individual’s
unique and relatively stable patterns of behavior, thoughts, and emotions. In daily
life, we generally act as though personality is a fact. We expect others to
demonstrate consistency in their behavior across different situations and over long
Kagan in Birth to Maturity says development refers to the way in which
humans grow and change over the course of their lives. Developmental processes
include learning (nurture), which refers to environmental influence on the growth
process (1962: 211). The important thing is the environmental influence by
surrounding to maintain the development process.
Influence, as in Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, is defined
as to have an effect on the way someone or something develops, behaves, think
6
CHAPTER II
THEORITICAL REVIEW
A. Review of Related Studies
Twilight becomes the best-seller novel since published in 2005 and
therefore makes many responses from its reader. There are many studies of
analyzing character in this novel. Twilight is one of the literary work containing
the unique character and environment. Every character has its own personality
that affect each other therefore the personality will be developed. A personality
study is always interesting to analyze since it deals with human characteristics that
is unique and different from each other. This novel describes the development of
each character well. Every character is described in well proportional way. Since
it is fiction, including vampire as the characters, the author describes every
character in believable ways. Therefore, according to Karen Rosenthal in the
author’s official website might consider the vampires as the natural creatures as
human.
The main character is extremely compelling. The protagonist is so consumed with her crush on him that she blocks everything else, and the fact that he's a vampire adds a whole other level. It really is the perfect crossover book. It's a riveting action book but thoughtful as well. Sometimes teen books can be plot-driven and the quality of the writing goes out the window, but this one has both (Rosenthal, stepheniemeyer.com, 2010).
Meyer can describe every character commonly and does not give
excessive; even it is for Edward and his family, though they are vampires, but still
Edward is described as a mysterious boy who has supernatural power as a
vampire, while Mike is a cute and an ordinary boy who admires Bella Swan and
Jacob is the minor character who is also ordinary but mysterious. These three
different characters can mingle well as it is not about mingle with vampire world.
The main character, Bella Swan, is also described as a teenager who has
tendency to be introvert by hiding her sad feeling that actually she does not want
to move to Forks. But she wants her mother to be happy with her new husband
though she really does not want to live with her father in Forks.
Bella, a teenage girl hailing from Phoenix, makes the decision to leave her beloved home town and all of her friends. She heroically sacrifices her happiness for that of her mother, because her new and adored step-father Phil, is a professional baseball player. She moves to a town called Forks, on the dreary Olympic Peninsula to live with her father, Charlie, so that her mother can be free to travel with her new husband Phil (Andrew, ezinearticles.com, 2009).
In this quotation, we can see that Bella is a girl who makes sacrifice to make the
other people happy, though she has to sacrifice her own happiness. In this case,
she sacrifices her happiness to make her mother live comfortably with her new
husband who has to travel a lot. Therefore, this is about Bella’s struggle to get a
start with a new environment that later will affect her personality.
The review about the unique character is also stated by Nicole Foulger:
Nicole Foulger says that the way Meyer describes all of the characters is unique. It
is unique because the extraordinary creature such a vampire can live socially with
ordinary human rather than being a villain, sucking the blood from human. The
most important character, Bella Swan, is unique with her nature as an inferior girl
toward her environment, especially when she met Edward and finally knows his
‘world’. She is a convincing major character because Meyer wrote the novel based
on the first person point of view.
The study about character is also analyzed by another author. It is Emily
Reynold who wrote Scream, Vampires, Werewolves, and Autographs: An
Exploration of the Twilight Phenomenon in her thesis submitted to the faculty of
Brigham Young University in Master Art degree who has a point about character
development. She states that as fans read and reread they gain greater
understanding of a literary character. Increased understanding comes with
increased exposure. As they reread they come to understand character
development more and increase predictability, they also have the direction for the
plot and know what to expect (Reynold, 2009: 47).
B. Review of Related Theories
1. Theory of Character and Characterization
Character becomes one of the important things in literature as Kennedy in
An Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama says that characters either remain
stable in their attitudes throughout a work (static characters) or undergo personal
characters); but in any case they usually remain consistent in their basic nature
(1999:124).
Character as the person or personalize figure can be changed its
characteristics, as we called it the dynamic character. As the main character, Bella
has a tendency to change her personality when she mingles with Edward and
Alice Cullen, who have many contributions into the development in Bella’s
personality. Is it possible that people can, under the pressure of certain
experiences, actually end up becoming fundamentally different than they started
out as being? Can people "reformulate" their "identity"? These questions are at
the heart of one of the great inventions in the genre of the novel, the so-called
Bildungsroman, or "novel of education," as they are in one of the major focuses of
psychology in the last hundred years, the theorizing and study of "personality
development." On a smaller scale, they are the staple of "initiation" stories,
though they are by no means restricted to this (Baker,k-state.edu.com, 2010).
According to M.J. Murphy (1972 : 161-173), there are nine ways to
represent the characters.
a. Personal Description
Personal description means that the author tries to describe the character through
his physical appearances. The author can describe a person’s appearance and
clothes such as his build, his skin-colour, his hair or his face.
b. Character as seen by another
Using this way means that the author can describe the character through the eyes
what character is like. Their opinions can help the readers to understand a
character.
c. Speech
The author can give the reader insight into the character of one of the person in
the book through what the character says. Whenever a person is speaking, he is
giving the reader some clue to his character.
d. Past Life
The author can give the reader a clue to even that has helped to shape a person’s
character by learning about a person’s past life. This can be done by direct
comment by the author, through the person’s thought, through the conversation or
the medium of another person.
e. Conversation of Others
It means that the author can give the reader clues to a person’s character through
conversations and things they say about him. People talk about other people and
things they say often give the reader a clue to the character of the person spoken
about.
f. Reaction
The readers will know a person’s character through seeing how he reacts to
various situation and events.
g. Direct Comment
h. Thoughts
The author gives the reader direct knowledge of what a person is thinking about.
In this respect, he is able to do what we can not do in the real life. He can tell the
reader what different people are thinking. In the novel we accept this. The reader
then is in privileged position; he has, as it were, a secret listening device plugged
in to the inmost thoughts of a person in a novel.
i. Mannerism
The author may describe a person’s mannerism, habits, or idiosyncrasies that may
also tell the reader something about his character.
In his book A Glossary of Literary Terms, M.H Abram says that the
alternative ways to characterize is using the term characterizing by showing and
telling. In showing, the author presents the characters talking and acting and
leaves the reader to infer what motives and dispositions lie behind what they say
and do. In telling, the author intervenes authoritatively in order to describe, and
often to evaluate, the motives and dispositional qualities of the characters (1985:
24). Therefore, these theories help the writer to give information about the
description of every character by these certain ways.
2. The Relation between Literature and Psychology
A work of literature actually is the general topic to discuss in every aspect
of life. It is because a work of literature especially drama and prose are created as
study of human and his psyche can be used to analyze the element of a work of
literature that is character. Although a character in a novel is fictive, however, it
represents the real human that could be analyzed through the psychology field. In
general, psychology is about the study of human characteristics through the study
of mind and how it works. It can be related to the literature that also deals with the
analysis with the characters through their characteristics and how they are
characterized, since the differences are just about fiction and non-fiction. Robert
Stanton in Introduction to Fiction implies that literature is a unique imitation of
life. In life, on the other hand, there are no stereotypes, no mere copies: every
person is an individual to those who know him; every love affair is a unique
experience to the lover. The serious author takes life as his model. Instead of
writing a “typical story” or a “typical war story”, he writes of particular individual
in particular situation. The result, paradoxically, is that his story is typical –
typical of life (1965: 7).
InTheory of Literature,Rene Wellek and Austin Warren explain that there
are four aspects that can be learned in literature from psychological point of view
(1956: 81). The four aspects are the writer, as type and as individual, the creative
process, the psychological types and law presented within the work of literature,
and the effect of literature upon its reader.
As psychology is a body of knowledge which study human psyche, the
most related element of literature to psychology is its human or human – like
Compositionthat a character is a figure with specifics mental and moral qualities,
it is obvious that characters are observable through psychology, in terms that they
consist of unique mental qualities (1988: 71).
3. Theory of Traits
The writer uses personality instead of characteristic because of the using of
the approach is psychology. According to Jess and Gregory Feist in their book
Theories of Personality, characteristics are defined as unique qualities of an
individual that include such attributes as temperament, physique, and intelligence
(2006: 4). In psychology term as it is stated by William Samuel in Personality:
Searching for the Sources of Human Behaviour, the word ‘personality’ is used
rather than ‘characteristics’ as it is stated “Both definitions use the words
“characteristics” or “characterize”, and there appears to be agreement that
personality implies some degree of individual uniqueness” (1981: 324).
Beside the use of the term, the relation between characteristics and
personality are that personality is the main part and characteristics is the sub part.
It is said by Gerald Mathews in his book titledPersonality Traitsthat if there is to
be a specialty called personality, its unique and therefore defining characteristic is
traits (2004: 325).
According to Larry A. Hjele and Daniel J. Ziegler’s book, any one person
behaves in a consistent and different fashion from all others. Allport’s explanation
of analysis” for representing what people are like and how they differ from one
another behaviorally. In Allport’s system, traits themselves may be said to have
“traits” or defining characteristics (1992: 287-289).
4. Theory of Personality Development
Psychologists differ among themselves as to the meaning of personality.
Most agree that the world “personality” originated from the Latin persona, which
referred to a theatrical mask worn by Roman actors in Greek dramas. These
ancient Roman actors wore a mask (persona) to project a role or false appearance.
It is stated inTheories of Personalityby Jess Gregory Feist (2006: 3). This surface
view of personality, of course, is not an acceptable definition. When psychologists
use the term “personality”, they are referring to something more than the role
people play.
A person has stable personality and does not change easily and becomes
the mark of that person as in Birth to Maturity, Kagan said that the concept of
personality refers to the profile of stable beliefs, moods, and behaviors that
differentiate among children (and adults) who live in a particular society (1962 :
211). This theory is as the same as the theory by Robert A Baron in Psychology
defines personality as an individual’s unique and relatively stable patterns of
behavior, thoughts, and emotions.
In daily life, we generally act as though personality is a fact. We expect others to
demonstrate consistency in their behaviors across different situations and over
However, some of psychologists try to argue those theories by making
question like the quotation “Does such consistency really exist? Some
psychologist have argued that is does not – that behavior is largely determined by
external factors rather than by a stable traits or disposition” (1995: 342).
Therefore, the writer can conclude that the term personality has big possibility to
be changed in different situation and might ignore the consistency.
Personality is “the distinctive patterns of behavior (including thoughts and emotions) that characterize each individual’s adaptation to the situation of his or her life.” (1981: 146).
This theory wants to say that environment is the main part of the development of
personality. People can change differently because of different environment.
When a person experiences kind of new environment, it is possible for her/him to
develop her/his personality. This person actually can change. To support this
theory, the writer also takes the quotation from Mischel and Soda in their article
titled A Cognitive-Affective System Theory of Personality: Reconceptualizing the
Invariances in Personality and the Role of Situations, that far for being simply encoded in the genes, much of personality is a flexible and dynamic thing that
changes over the life span and is shaped by experience (1995 : 246).
In talk about literature, this has led to the development of a crude but useful terminological distinction of two sorts of characterization: "static" and "dynamic"(Lyman A. Baker,k-state.edu.com, 2010).
This quotation shows the relation of literature and psychology that try to find the
change in identity related to personality development in the main character. A
character, so that it is not needed to be changed. Therefore, the dynamic character
is useful to prove there might be a change of personality or just the development.
As Larry A. Hjelle and Daniel J. Ziegler state that most definitions
emphasize the importance of viewing personality in terms of a life history, or
developmental, perspective. Personality represents an evolving process subject to
a variety of internal and external influences, including genetic and biological
propensities, social experiences, and changing environmental circumstances. It
shows that the word personality can be developed through the social experiences
and changing environmental circumstances. The writer also finds the supporting
theory by Carver and Scheier inPerspective on Personalitysay that personality is
a dynamic organization, inside the person of psychophysical systems that create a
person’s characteristic patterns of behaviour, thoughts, and feelings (2000: 5). In
this study later on, the writer will prove it through the development of Bella
Swan’s personality after mingle with Edward and Alice Cullen. In this case, we
need the definition of development relating to the term of personality.
Kagan in Birth to Maturity states that “Development refers to the way in
which humans grow and change over the course of their lives. Developmental
processes include learning (nurture), which refers to environmental influence on
the growth process”(1962: 211). In addition, Justin Pikunas in his book titled
Human Development: an Emergence Sciencealso said that “development is a kind
of process of growth, maturation, learning and achievement” (1976: 23).
According to this theory, the process of development is influenced by the
theory, the writer would like to prove Bella’s personality development is
influenced by the environment surround her.
As Elizabeth B. Hurlock says, environmental sources of personality
molding include the family, the school, the peer group, mass media, religion, and
the person’s occupation. The relative importance of these molding sources varies
from one age group to another and from one person to another (1974: 105).. In
this case, Bella Swan is influenced by her peer. It is supported by Larry A. Hjelle
and Daniel J. Ziegler that there is a personality formation including constitutional
determinants, group membership determinants, role determinants, and situational
determinants. The writer uses situational determinants as it says that the group of
personality determinants is made up of the day-to-day experiences of the
individual, which for the most part are capricious and unpredictable. Situational
determinants may include things that have happened a thousand times as well as
those that happen only once --- provided they are not uniform for a whole group.
Accordingly, this is an omnibus category of factors shaping personality. Including
such diverse elements as interpersonal contacts of brief duration, family
constellation (e. g., oldest in five-child family), friendships with particular
individuals, and divorced parents (1981: 169).
In addition, the theory of personality development is stated by Elizabeth B.
Hurlock that changes result not from physical changes per se, as the traditional
belief imply, but rather from social and environmental conditions from the
individual’s effort to make changes, and from professional guidance through
the writer concludes that personality development refers to process of growth,
maturation, learning, and achievement from human’s uniqueness of their
behavior.
C. Theoretical Framework
From the three problem formulations, the writer has some theory to
support those problem formulations. The first and second questions try to find the
answer about the description of personalities in those three characters; Bella
Swan, Edward Cullen, and Alice Cullen. Therefore, the writer uses theory of
character, as it tells about the static and dynamic character that will reveals Bella
Swan, Edward, and Alice Cullen’s personalities.
How those three characters characterized will be helped by the theory of
characterization and character. Another theory is the theory of psychology. The
writer uses theory of traits. Theory of traits will help the writer to differentiate the
term personality and characteristics. The word ‘traits’ is the same as the word
‘characteristics’. Theory of personality development will help the writer to prove
the personality development of Bella Swan as the result of Edward and Alice’s
Cullen’s influences.
In the third question, the writer uses theory of personality development as
this theory will help the writer to describe the process of the influence of other
characters toward Bella’s personality development. In the theories of personality
development, it will prove that there are some influences in personality
19
CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY
A. Object of the Study
The novel analyzed in the study isTwilight, which have gained worldwide
recognition and sold over 100 million copies globally, with translations into 37
different languages, such as Indonesian, Finland, Norway, Korean, Russian,
Chinese, Thailand, The Czech Republic, Dutch, German, Japanese, Danish, and
many more. This novel published by Hachette Book Group USA in 2005
(stepheniemeyer.com, 2010).
In 2008, the novel became film staring Kristen Stewart (Bella Swan) and
Robert Pattinson (Edward Cullen) and won some awards, one of those are as the
best movie according to 2009 MTV Movie Awards (stepheniemeyer.com, 2010)
Twilight tells about the girl named Bella Swan as the main character and
the narrator who has to move in Forks to live with her father. She finally meets
boy named Edward who is actually a vampire. And the conflict occurs when Bella
has to choose whether she wants to be vampire and living immortality or still be
an ordinary human. The other conflict is that she has to fight with the other
vampire named James who has purpose to revenge his friend’s murder. The
significant thing in this story is about how Bella changes her personalities when
B. Approach of the Study
The writer studies about the development characteristics through the novel
as the representation and imitation of the reality as Huffman in Psychology in
Actionsays that the analysis of work of literature will concern about the belief that
great literature truthfully reflects life and is a realistic representation of human
motivation and behavior. Psychological critics also focus on the creative process
of the artist, the artist's motivation or behavior, or analyze fictional characters'
motivations and behaviors. (1994: 10). Since it deals with characteristics
development and the process in it, the writer will have to study the work of
literature from the psychological point of view by analyzing the main character’s
characteristics and the development. Related to psychological term, the writer will
use the term personality instead of characteristics. Further, Huffman also stated
that Psychological critics might choose to focus on the creative process of the
artist, the artist's motivation or behavior, or analyze fictional characters'
motivations and behaviors (1994: 10). Therefore, the writer will analyze the main
character’s personality development as one of the concern of this criticism by
using the psychological approach. In Reading and Writing about Literature,
according to Rohrberger and Woods, the psychological approach is focused on
psychological interpretation for entrancing the understanding and appreciation of
This criticism is chosen to analyze this novel to see the personality
development that happens toward Bella as the main character. The changing
personality has relation with psychological term, that people have their own
personality and that their personalities might change in the different
circumstances. By using this approach, the writer also can describe the changing
systematically.
C. Method of the Study
In collecting data and some theories, the writer used library research by
choosing appropriate books and visiting library. The books being used are both
from the field of literature and psychology to find the appropriate theories.
Therefore, the writer used A Glossary of Literary Terms; Literature for
Composition: Essay, Fiction, Poetry, and Drama; Seventh Edition; Psychology in
Action; Human Development: An Emergence Science; Birth to Maturity; An
Introduction to Fiction, Poetry, and Drama; Development in Adulthood;
Approach to Literature: An Introduction to Critical Study of Content and Method
in Writing; Personality: searching for the sources of human behavior;
Psychology; Understanding Unseen: An Introduction to English Poetry and the
English Novel for Overseas Students; Theory of Literature; Personality Traits,
Theory of Personality, Personality Theories: Basic Assumption, Research and
Applications; Personality Development; The Adolescent: Development,
In analyzing this study, there were some steps being used. The first step
was by deciding the element being studied and later on the writer chose the
characteristics development of Bella Swan. The second step was deciding the
approach of the study. Since the writer focuses on the characteristics development,
the approach being used was the psychological approach and the writer preferred
to use the term “personality” to “characteristics”. The third step was making
problem formulation. Those problems being formulated were the description of
Bella’s personality development, the description of Edward and Alice Cullen’s
personalities, and the influence of Edward and Alice Cullen toward Bella’s
personality development. The next step was analyzing the problem formulation by
elaborating the process of personality development as the result of the influence of
23
CHAPTER IV ANALYSIS
In this chapter, the writer will elaborate the three problem formulations by
dividing those problems into three parts. The first part is to analyze Bella Swan’s
personality and her personality development as well. Therefore, in this part, it will
be divided into two parts; Bella Swan’s personality before and after mingling with
the Cullens. The purpose is to show the previous personality and recent
personality so that it can be easily compared. Answering the second problem
formulation, the writer will analyze Edward and Alice Cullen’s each personality
that will influence on Bella Swan’s personality development. This part will also
be divided into two parts; Edward Cullen’s personality and Alice Cullen’s
personality. The purpose is to differentiate the personality of Edward and Alice
Cullen. The last problem formulation will be analyzed through the process how
Edward and Alice Cullen’s personality influence Bella Swan’s personality
development.
A. Bella Swan’s Personality before and after Mingling with Edward and Alice Cullen
William Samuel says the word ‘personality’ used rather than
‘characteristics’ as it is stated “Both definitions use the words “characteristics” or
“characterize”, and there appears to be agreement that personality implies some
Personality, as the conclusion, is someone’s character that has some
characteristics as its support. Therefore, rather than talking about Bella Swan’s
characteristics, this part will discuss about Bella Swan’s personality. The writer
divides this part into two parts; it is Bella Swan’s personality before she meets
Edward and Alice Cullen and Bella Swan’s personality after she meets Edward
and Alice Cullen. The purpose is to make the comparison of time when Bella
Swan has not yet mingled with Edward and Alice Cullen and finally has
relationship with them. The writer will just put the personality that is developed in
the end of the story.
1. Personality of Bella Swan before Mingling with Edward and Alice Cullen
Bella Swan is the major character in this novel. Since this novel is narrated
by the first person point of view, Bella Swan becomes the most knowing person in
the story. Therefore, it is easy to find her personality, mostly, through her thought
as M.J. Murphy says in his book Understanding Unseen: An Introduction to
English Poetry & Novel for Overseas Student (1972 : 161-173). This part will tell
about Bella Swan’s personality before she meets and mingles with Edward and
Alice Cullen. The writer will just put the personality that will develop in the end
of the analysis that is inferior.
Bella Swan is described as an inferior girl who hardly to share her
problems with the others even for her parents. There is one reason why she acts
so. Her parents divorced when she was only a few months old. Even she has not
has to be divided to live with both of her parents. Every summer she spends a
month to live with her father in different town that is far from her mother’s town
until she was fourteen. “It was from this town and its gloomy, omnipresent shade
that my mother escaped with me when I was only a few moths old” (p. 3). Now,
she has to move in to his father’s town for good because she does not want to
disturb her mother and the new husband named Phill. Though she feels sad to
leave her mother, but she has to move so that her mother can be comfortable with
Phill. “I felt a spasm of panic as I stared at her wide, childlike eyes. How could I
leave my loving, erratic, hare-brained mother to fend for herself?” (p. 4).
According to the case that Bella Swan is an inferior person, the study of
psychological is needed. The main reason why Bella Swan is known as an inferior
person is that she has to face the fact that her parents divorced. “One of the
problems of divorce is what it does to the adolescents’ attitudes toward
themselves and their parents. Self-image seems to suffer, especially if adolescents
blame themselves, feel guilty, or feel any social embarrassment because of what
happens” (1993: 127). It is said by F. Philip Rice in his book titled The
Adolescent: Development, Relationship, and Culture. Bella Swan is one of the
examples that actually she has a social embarrassment. As the result she has a
lower self-concept that makes her feeling inferior toward the other people. She
never felt a complete family since she did not live with complete parents in one
house almost for her entire life, though she does not have relationship problem
Bella Swan is, at first, an inferior girl. Inferior, according to Longman
Dictionary of Contemporary English is defined as not good or less good in
quality, value, or skill than someone or something else including with her friends
(2001: 932). She feels that she is worse than other people. She thinks herself as an
unattractive girl. She always compares herself toward her surrounding in a lower
case, which she is the lowest and the other is the highest.
I would be the new girl from the big city, a curiosity, a freak. Maybe, if I looked like a girl from Phoenix should, I could work this on my advantage. But physically, I’d never fit in anywhere. I should be tan, sporty, blond---a volley-ball player, or a cheerleader, perhaps---all the things that go with living in the valley of the sun (p.10).
In the quotation, Bella Swan is the new student from the big city, Phoenix, who
comes to the small one, Forks. It should be obvious that she feels so attractive
since she is from the big city. However, because of her inferiority, she feels
unconfident with her appearance, which is she is not tan, not sporty, not blond,
and should be in cheerleader team as the characteristics of a girl from the big city.
Instead, I was ivory-skinned, without even the excuse of blue eyes or red hair, despite the constant sunshine. I had always been slender, but soft somehow, obviously not an athlete; I didn’t have necessary hand-eye coordination to play sports without humiliating myself---and harming both myself and anyone else who stood to close (p.10).
This quotation supports that she is supposed to be good in appearances which
shows that she is an inferior girl. Bella Swan explains in her narration that she has
ivory-skin which should be tan because she lived in Phoenix that is sunny. She
also blames her eyes that should be blue and her hair that should be red. At last,
Before she makes friend with Edward, at first she felt inferior when she saw
Edward’s appearance.
Of course he wasn’t interested in me, I thought angrily, my eyes stinging --- a delayed reaction to the onions. I wasn’t interesting. And he was (p.79).
She thinks that Edward will not be interested in her because at that time Edward
stares at her in curious and strange way. Bella Swan who feels inferior toward her
surrounding becomes more inferior.
According to Saif Farooqi, inferiority complex may not necessarily
develop in the context of specific tasks or goals. It may develop for more general
or abstract things also. For example, a person might feel that he/she is not very
good looking compared to others and this might become the cause for inferiority
complex for that person (Farooqi, lifepsychologyandalotmore.com, 2009). Bella
Swan feels that she is lack of confident and behave awkwardly almost in front
people because of her unconfident toward her own physical appearance. As an
inferior girl, Bella Swan has some characteristics such as shy, awkward, and
coward.
Bella Swan is also described as a shy girl. She barely expresses her feeling
to the others. It is because of her inferiority, she has tendency to be a shy person
who feels nervous and embarrassed about talking to the other people. It is obvious
when Bella Swan arrives in Forks and has to adapt with the new environment. She
has to make a friend with new person, new school, new teacher, and new
neighborhood.
in front of the class and introduce myself. I stammered, blushed, and tripped over my own boots on the way to my seat (p.17).
Bella Swan will feel uncomfortable when she has to stand in front of the class
even if it is just for introducing herself in her new school in Forks. She confesses
through her thought that she feels stammering, blushing, and tripping. It happens
when she has her first day in her new school. Everybody stares at her with
curiosity and this makes Bella Swan becomes uncomfortable and prefers to avoid
the public attention. She hates to be treated as the new student which she should
introduce herself in front of the class.
Bella’s shyness also appears when she is introduced as the daughter of
Chief Swan. She does not feel comfortable knowing that people will easily
recognize her as the daughter of the head police. In normal life, a girl will be
proud when she is well known among others because of her parent is well known
too, but Bella Swan is the exceptional. She refuses to be the center of the attention
because of her shyness. She thinks that she does not deserve that kind of
treatment.
The month that followed the accident was uneasy, tense, and, at first, embarrassing. To my dismay, I found myself the center of attention for the rest of the week (p.68-69).
It shows that Bella feels dismay when she becomes the center of attention after
her car accident. She is safe but everybody seems to think that she needs extra
care from the hospital. Even worse, when she is taken home by her father riding
with the cruiser that she hates so much because she will feel shy in front of her
Bella Swan also shows her shyness when she meets Edward for the first
time. It is Edward who stares at her with curiosity like the others. That Edward is
so charming makes Bella shy when he stares at her. “He stared at me again,
meeting my eyes with the strangest expression on his face --- it was hostile,
furious. I looked away quickly, shocked, going red again” (p.23). This situation
happens when they are in the cafeteria. Bella Swan is in her first day and meeting
the Cullens family who are very good-looking but seem strange because they all
seems avoid the other students. Suddenly Edward Cullen stares at her with the
strangest expression as Bella has thought. She looks away quickly and goes red
again. It shows that she feels embarrassed when Edward stares at her.
The next characteristic as an inferior person is awkward. She is an
awkward girl. As Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English states an
awkward characteristic is defined as moving or behaving in a way that does not
seem relaxed or comfortable, especially when someone feels nervous or
embarrassed (2001: 119). This personality is different with the others that are
clumsy. Clumsy is the moving in an awkward way and tending to break things
(2001: 334). Bella Swan has that personality too, but of course she will not be
able to change it for the short period of time because it is congenital from birth.
Comparing to an awkward personality that is just the attitude that will be over
when someone controlling her or his shyness, a clumsy person cannot get over it
easily because it relates to body’s balance.
In this part, Bella Swan expresses gratitude to her father in an awkward way. She
feels shy even with her own father to say thank you. In her thought, it is known
that she inherits that personality from her father. She will not feel comfortable
when she has to express her feeling toward the others. Her awkwardness is shown
by her way looking straight ahead rather than to meet her father’s eyes. Mostly,
Bella shows her awkwardness to his father, because she is not close with her
father. She has cold relationship with her father.
The last characteristic of being inferior is coward. In Bella Swan’s coward,
she is not able to encourage herself to be a brave girl. She has a lot of worried
when she arrives in Forks that the new environment will kill her softly. She is
afraid that she will be ignored by her new schoolmates. She is also afraid when
she can not survive in the new city that has different weather than her previous
city. Her coward is proved when she is in the town and walking alone. She is
disturbed by a group of men who stalk her. “Stay away from me,” I warned in a
voice that was supposed to sound strong and fearless. But I was right about the
dry throat --- no volume (p.161). The men finally are near from Bella Swan. At
that time, Bella Swan who is already afraid tries to shout. However, because of
her coward, she is too slow to shout so that she looses her voice. As the result,
her voice can not be optimal when she tries to shout out loud. It is also showed
when Bella Swan at first knows that Edward Cullen is a vampire and might kill
her. “Could the Cullens be vampires?” (p.138). At that time, she has not yet
realized by herself that he is a vampire. She knows that vampire is the blood
sucker, so she thinks that Edward Cullen might be able to kill her as his prey.
To sum up, Bella Swan’s personality is inferior with several characteristics
as awkward, shy, and coward girl. The personality exists before she has
relationship with Edward Cullen and makes a friend with Alice Cullen.
2. Personality of Bella Swan after Mingling with Edward and Alice Cullen
In this part, the writer will elaborate Bella Swan’s personality when she
finally mingles with the Cullens. The writer combines the influence of Edward
and Alice Cullen and does not separate it into two parts. The personality that is
developed is confident. Bella Swan becomes a confident girl that has
characteristics as curious, expressive, and brave girl. This personality develops as
the result of the relationship among Bella Swan, Edward Cullen, and Alice
Cullen.
Ever since Bella Swan has relationship with Edward Cullen and makes a
friend with Alice Cullen, she becomes a confident girl. It is one of a good
development for her. “I didn’t hesitate this time, climbing in the passenger side
quickly, the sooner to see his face” (p. 241). In this quotation, Bella Swan is not in
an awkward way to accept Edward Cullen’s offer to join his car though at first she
feels surprise to see that such a beautiful creature falls in love with her. Bella
Swan’s confidence is firstly appeared when she hears Edward Cullen’s statement
that she is special and popular among the boys in her school. She feels confident
Edward Cullen. Her togetherness with Alice also makes her proud to be Alice’s
close friend. She shares everything about her problems to Alice and does not feel
inferior toward Alice because of her perfect of beauty. At first, she will always
mind what other people say about her behavior. Now, she can be confident to be
in front of people.
Joshua Uebergang says in his article that there are ten personality traits as
a confident person. They are self-assuring, ambitious, sociable, competitive, risk
taking, hard-working, determined, accepting, shrewd, and positive (Uebergang,
positivearticles.com, 2011). In Bella Swan’s case, there are some of the traits.
They are curious, expressive, and brave girl. Those characteristics are Bella
Swan’s personality that is developed.
Bella Swan becomes a curious girl after she mingles, especially, with
Edward Cullen. She always wants to know everything about Edward Cullen
because his mystery makes Bella tries to figure out who Edward Cullen is.
“They are…..very nice-looking.” I struggled with the conspicuous understatement. “Yes!” Jessica agreed with another giggle. “They’re all together though --- Emmett and Rosalie, and Jasper and Alice, I mean. And theylivetogether.” Her voice held all the shock and condemnation of the small town, I thought critically. But, if I was being honest, I had to admit that even in Phoenix, it would cause gossip. “Which ones are the Cullens?” I asked “ (p. 21).
Bella Swan’s curiosity arises when she hears that the Cullens children are all
adopted. She knows that their father, Dr. Cullen, is still young about the late
twenties and impossible having such teenage children. And those children are in a
couple, except Edward Cullen. She is curious how come they live together. Jasper
Cullen. They are not sibling but living together though as the adopted girl. Bella
thinks that it would always cause gossip.
Bella Swan becomes an expressive girl after feeling confident making
friends with Edward and Alice Cullen. In her previous characteristics, she barely
expresses her feeling to the other, especially to her father, for example when she
shows her gratitude and her care to him. She will always show them in an
awkward ways. Her awkwardness changes when she feels confident. She tries to
be an expressive person by respecting to herself that she is not inferior. Edward
and Alice Cullen are the most supportive people to make Bella Swan such an
expressive girl. “I didn’t like it. Not seeing you. It makes me anxious, too.” I
blushed to be saying this out loud (p. 190). Though at first Bella Swan feels shy
when she expresses her feeling to Edward, she has a struggle in it and it works. At
least, she dares to say her own feeling out loud. In her relationship with Edward
she will always show her feeling easily without being doubtful.
Bella Swan’s characteristic as a confident personality is brave, meaning
that she faces danger, pain, or difficult situations with courage and confidence.
She becomes a brave girl since she faces the fact that she mingles with vampire’s
family that might kill her anytime.
I looked down, afraid of the persuasive power of his eyes. I refused to be convinced to fear him, no matter how real the danger might be. It doesn’t matter, I repeated in my head (p. 243).
In the quotation, Bella Swan realizes that she might be in danger if she keeps
making friends with Edward and Alice Cullen. They are vampire and might thirst
with them. Bella Swan who is known as a coward with just a little thing becomes
a brave girl who will face the huge danger about her own death.
Bella Swan’s personality after mingling with Edward and Alice Cullen is
confident and has characteristics as curious, expressive, and brave girl are the
result of her relationship with Edward and Alice Cullen.
B. Personality of Edward and Alice Cullen
Bella Swan makes relationship with Edward and Alice Cullen and feels
comfortable. It causes her personality develop through her mingle with the
Cullens. Therefore these are Edward and Alice Cullen’s personality that influence
Bella Swan’s personality development. In this part, the writer will analyze the
personality of both characters who are the most influencing toward Bella Swan’s
personality development.
1. Personality of Edward Cullen
Edward Cullen is the most influencing person in Bella Swan’s personality
development. He is described as a charming and very good-looking boy. “He was
more boyish than the others, who looked like they could be in college, or even
teachers here rather than students” (p.18). He is Bella Swan’s lover; therefore it is
obvious that Edward will influence the development of her personality. Edward
Cullen is a vampire since 1918 when he was seventeen years old, but in the recent
His appearance is still a seventeen-year-old boy though actually he is in the late
eighty. Personality of Edward Cullen that will influence Bella Swan’s personality
development is charming.
Edward Cullen is kind of the most handsome guy in Bella Swan’s new
school in Forks. Bella Swan notices him in his charming behavior. He has very
pleasing and attractive gesture so that Bella wants to know who Edward Cullen is.
His hair was dripping wet, disheveled --- even so, he looked like he’d just finished shooting a commercial for hair gel. His dazzling face was friendly, open, a light smile on his flawless lips. But his eyes were careful (p. 43).
Through Bella Swan’s point of view, Edward is described as a very good-looking
person. Every one who sees Edward must be fascinated by his appearance though
he will not response all of the looks that every one gives to him. He does not have
friends in school but his charming still become his strength among his
schoolmates even for Bella Swan herself.
According to Fauxnoey in his article entitledHow to Develop a Charming
Personality, there are four steps becoming charming person, those are be natural,
Be slightly neurotic, be curious, and be fearless (Fauxnoey,www.ehow.com, April
2011). Therefore, in his charming, Edward has protective, curious, mysterious,
and caring characteristics.
One of the characteristic of being charming is that Edward Cullen is
known as a curious person. As a vampire, he can read somebody’s mind, therefore
he will be always curious about the others and he fulfills his curiosity by reading
their mind. His curiosity arises since he cannot read Bella Swan’s mind. Edward
Bella, he cannot hear what Bella thinking is and it made him curious what is
different about her. According to him, Bella Swan is the exceptional and really
hard to read. It is proved through Bella Swan’s point of view. “And Edward was
staring at me curiously, that same, familiar edge of frustration even more distinct
now in his black eyes” (p. 73). He seems more curious about Bella Swan’s
personal life since her first day in school and he cannot read her mind. He
becomes frustrated and asks so many questions to her. He starts to ask about her
family, her interest, and her previous life before she comes to Forks.
Though Edward Cullen is described as a charming person who has
attractive gesture, but he still remains mystery. According to Bella Swan, he
seems full of secrets despite his strange behavior. He is a mysterious person.
“What if I’m not a superhero? What if I’m the bad guy?” he smiled playfully, but
his eyes were impenetrable” (p. 92). This quotation shows that Edward keeps
mystery when he tells Bella Swan if he is good or even bad guy. Since Edward
Cullen is a vampire, he is afraid that he would hurt Bella Swan physically and
mentally, however because of his strong love to her, he chooses to be near with
her. Therefore, he offers a choice for her whether to accept his mystery or just
leave it. It is shown in his confession to Bella Swan when he finally tells that he is
a vampire. He is always a mysterious person since Bella Swan wants to know
Despite the fact that Edward Cullen is a mysterious person, he is a
protective person toward person who he cares the most. After Edward Cullen has
love relationship with Bella Swan, he is revealed to be a protective boyfriend. He
protects Bella Swan in many occasions.
“Don’t you see? That’s what proves me right. I care the most, because if I can do it” he shook his head, seeming to struggle with the thought ----“if leaving is the right thing to do, then I’ll hurt myself to keep from hurting you, to keep you safe” (p. 211).
The quotation is the conversation between Edward Cullen and Bella Swan. As
M.J. Murphy says in his bookUnderstanding Unseen: An Introduction to English
Poetry & Novel for Overseas Studentwhenever a person is speaking, he is giving
the reader some clue to his character (1972 : 161-173). From his words, Edward’s
protectiveness is revealed. He says to Bella Swan that he will sacrifice anything to
keep her safe, since she has just attracted accidents like magnet, according to him.
Edward Cullen will always feel worried about Bella Swan’s safety. He always
warns her to be careful. As the example when Bella Swan tells him that she wants
to go to La Push beach, Edward asks her to not danger herself. On the other
occasion, Edward Cullen has saved Bella Swan in Port Angeles, a downtown in
Forks. She is stalked by the strangers who have bad will toward her. At that time,
Edward Cullen follows her position through Jessica and Angela’s thoughts. They
are Bella Swan’s classmates to whom Bella goes with. Finally, he can save Bella
because she has Biology class that practices about blood type. She feels weak
when she smells the blood. Immediately, Edward Cullen brings her to the school
clinic and will not let her to go back to the class to make sure that she will not get
fainted anymore.
The last characteristic of Edward Cullen is caring. It is stated inLongman
Dictionary of Contemporary English that caring is defined as someone thinks
about what other people need or would like, and tries to help them (2001:
266-267). As a caring person, not only does he protect about the safeness of Bella
Swan but also care about her needs.
“I think you should eat something.” Edward’s voice was low, but full of authority. He looked up at Jessica and spoke slightly louder. “Do you mind if I drive Bella home tonight? That way you won’t have to wait while she eats” (p.166).
This situation happened after Edward Cullen saves Bella Swan from the bad men
in the street. He notices that she has not eaten yet and her friends have already got
their meal. It is him that asks permission to Bella Swan’s friends to bring her
home so that they will not wait too long for her. For his caring, he offers himself
to accompany Bella Swan and makes sure that she will eat her meal. After having
closer relationship with Bella Swan, Edward Cullen often shows his caring toward
her. He cares whether Bella Swan has a jacket or not to warm her body. He also
cares about Bella Swan’s mobility that she has only truck and gives her ride
The personality of Edward which is charming that has characteristics as
curious, mysterious, protective and caring person will influence Bella Swan’s
personality development. Those characteristics of personality are the main part
that will affect Bella Swan’s behavior that later will develop her personality.
2. Personality of Alice Cullen
Alice Cullen is the adopted sister of Edward Cullen. She is described as
the most graceful person in her environment. Her way to walk is just like a dance.
She is very beautiful just like her brother, Edward Cullen. Her special ability is
she can read future based on what the others plan. She is the closest friend of
Bella Swan that also influences Bella Swan’s personality development. Therefore,
she has supportive personality involving her relationship with Bella Swan.
Supportive has characteristic as giving help or encouragement, especially
to someone who is in a difficult situation (2001: 1830). Alice Cullen has that
personality. Being able to see things in the future, she can calm somebody who
needs her help. It is said directly by Edward Cullen through his speech. “Alice is
the most…..supportive.” He frowned as he spoke (p. 244). Edward Cullen says
that when he needs her help to accompany him to hunt. Edward Cullen needs
Alice to support and to remind him that he should come back soon. Her
supportiveness is also appeared when she finally becomes Bella Swan’s close
friend; she calms her down when Bella Swan gets panic after James, the bad
vampire wants to kill Bella Swan. “Do you think they’re safe, really?” “Bella,
Alice Cullen convinces Bella Swan that everything will be alright when she
begins to worry about the other Cullens who try to save her by separating each
other to keep James away from her. She encourages Bella Swan that her brother,
Edward, will blame himself for his entire life when he knows that Bella Swan can
not be saved.
As a supportive person, Alice Cullen has some characteristics. According
to Art and Anna Kleimer, supportive personalities are the caregivers of the world,
the nurturers and peacemakers (Kleimer, www.articlecircle.com, 2011). The
writer, then, collects the characteristics of Alice Cullen’s supportive personality as
friendly, wise, protective, and caring person.
Alice Cullen is friendly person. She shows her friendliness to Bella Swan
when they are introduced by Edward for the first time. ““Hello, Bella.” Her
brilliant obsidian eyes were unreadable, but her smile was friendly. “It’s nice to
finally meet you” (p. 247). Though she has not known Bella Swan before, but she
feels happy to see Bella Swan despite the fact that she is her brother’s girlfriend. It
is because she can see the future that she will be Bella Swan’s close friend. She
always welcomes Bella Swan whenever they meet; even she kisses Bella Swan’s
cheek when Bella Swan comes to the Cullens’ house. “Hi, Bella!” Alice said, and
she bounced forward to kiss my cheek” (p. 323). In many occasion, she will treat
Bella Swan in friendly way. She is also never upset though Bella Swan asks her to
tell her story becoming a vampire that she wants to forget because of the pain in
