UPS AC DC VSD Ronald Pasaribu

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AC & DC UPS System

for Basic Electrical Training

BKJT & BPAT

PT PERTAMINA (PERSERO)

DIREKTORAT PENGOLAHAN

Refinery Unit VI, 2013

Prepared by : Indra Trigha

Ronald H. Pasaribu

CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY

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Power Station Utility Network UPS

Alternating Voltage

Alternating Voltage or Direct Voltage (Current)

- Computers - Control Systems

- Safety Systems

Poor Mains Quality High Mains Quality

Local Emergency Diesel Generator

Local Power Distribution

- Motors - Heaters

- General Lighting

Non-Critical Load Critical Load

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Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) :

adalah perangkat yang menggunakan

battery

backup

sebagai catuan daya alternatif, untuk Dapat

memberikan suplai daya yang tidak terganggu

untuk beban/ peralatan yang terpasang

Definisi UPS System:

1. Dapat memberikan sementara ketika terjadi kegagalan daya pada listrik utama.

2. MemberiMemberikan kesempatan waktu yang cukup untuk segera menghidupkan genset sebagai pengganti listrik utama.

3. kan kesempatan waktu yang cukup untuk segera melakukan back up data dan

mengamankan

listrik utama padam.

4. Mengamankan sistem yang dapat mengganggu sistem komputer baik berupa kerusakan software, data maupun kerusakan hardware.

5. UPS secara otomatis dapat melakukan stabilisasi ketika terjadi perubahan tegangan pada input sehingga tegangan output yang digunakan oleh sistem komputer berupa tegangan Yang stabil.

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1. Baterai

2. Rectifier (penyearah)

3. Inverter

INVERTER RECTIFIER

BATTERY

Mains AC Input

DC Voltage _{AC Voltage}

Consumers / Load

AC / DC Converter

Energy Storage

DC / AC Converter

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1. Baterai :

Battery adalah sebagai sumber pengganti (back up) jika terjadi

gangguan pada sumber listrik utama/ black out.

• Jenis baterai yang digunakan UPS umumnya berjenis lead-acid

atau jenis

• Baterai ini umumnya mampu menjadi sumber tegangan

cadangan maksimal selama 30 menit.

Komponen utama UPS System:

………continue

2. Rectifier (penyearah) :

Penyearah berfungsi

untuk mengubah

dari suplai listrik utama. Hal ini

berfungsi untuk pengisisan baterai.

3. Inverter :

Kebalikan dari penyearah, inverter berfungsi untuk mengubah arus

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INVERTER RECTIFIER

BATTERY

• 3 Phase Input

• Voltage: 3x200... 3x690 VAC • Frequency: 50 or 60 Hz

• 6-pulse thyristor-controlled Rectifier • Option: 12 pulse thyr.-contr. Rectifier • Option: oversized for higher charging

current or DC-load

• Float- and Boost charge

Mains AC Input 3 phase

DC Voltage

• 4 Standard DC Voltages:

110, 125, 220 or 400

VDC

• Lead Acid Type

• Nickel Cadmium Type

• 1- or 3-Phase Output

IGBT-PWM controlled Inverter • Short-circuit proof

• Option: oversized Inverter Module to interrupt bigger fuses

AC Voltage

Consumers / Load

AC / DC Converter

Energy Storage

DC / AC Converter

Online Double Conversion System

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RECTIFIER

BATTERY

Mains

3 Phase AC Input

Consumers / Load DC Voltage

AC / DC Converter

Energy Storage

• 5 Standard DC Voltages:

24, 48, 110, 125 or 220 VDC

• Lead Acid Type

• Nickel Cadmium Type • 3 Phase Input

• Voltage 3x200... 3x690 VAC • Frequency 50 or 60 Hz

• 6-pulse thyristor-controlled Rectifier

• Option: 12 pulse thyr.-contr. Rectifier • Option: oversized for higher charging

current

• Float- / Boost- and Initial charge

Online System

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DC Bus

INVERTER

BATTERY

DC Voltage _{AC Voltage}

Consumers / Load

Energy Storage

DC / AC Converter

Online System

• 4 Standard DC Voltages: 110, 125, 220 or 400 VDC

• 1- or 3-Phase Output IGBT-PWM controlled Inverter

• Short-circuit proof Inverter

• Opt.: oversized for Inverter

module to interrupt bigger fuses

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Battery Operation

Normal Operation

Secured Load Bus Rectifier Input

Rectifier

Battery

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Rectifier Input Module B

Rectifier Module B

Rectifier Input Module A

Rectifier Module A

Secured Load Bus

50 %

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Secured Load Bus Bypass Input

Rectifier Input

Rectifier Inverter

Manual Bypass Switch

Static Switch Battery

Double Conversion UPS System with PWM Inverter

Battery Operation

Bypass Operation

Normal Operation

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Bypass Input

Secured Load Bus

UPS Module A

Rectifier Input Module B

UPS Module B

50 %

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Avoids the danger of a single battery acting as a common failure point

Independent batteries for each unit

For redundancy or power increase Up to nine units can be switched in parallel

Each unit takes the same percentage of the actual load

Active load sharing

The system will stay in the highest possible operational mode. The system will save battery capacity as long as enough energy can be taken from the mains.

Priority control

Two control cables between each unit Bus system for communication

All systems can work as masters. Possible to switch individual units OFF for service.

No master/slave system

Benefits

Features

Masterlogic for parallel coordination Disabling of parallel communication if one unit is disconnected / coupling switch open

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Bypass Input Module B

Rectifier Input

Module B Secured Load Bus B

UPS Module B

UPS Module A

Bypass Input Module A

Secured Load Bus A

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DC S

Rectifier Module

Rec

Bypass Input

Inverter

Manual Bypass Switch

Static Switch

Inverter Module

Battery

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X002

A003 A002 I CONNECTION BOARD

A025 A077 RELAY BOARD

FRONT PANEL

OPERATING STATUS LCD

UDC IBatt

IDC

INTERFACE / PSU

CCU (Charger Control unit) A070

A071

= Option

Rectifier

Isolation

Transformer

Rectifier

Speed monitored heavy duty fans

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Rectifier

Isolation

Transformer

Inverter

Isolation

Transformer

Rectifier

Static

Switch

Inverter

Battery Choke

Bypass

Isolation

Transformer

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Redundant internal Power Supplies

Speed monitored heavy duty fans

Segregated Bypass

Panel

Manual 3 Position Bypass

Switch

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Sealed Lead Acid Batteries

_{Vented Lead Acid Batteries}

l

Medium Lifetime

l

No topping up

l

Low Maintenance

l

Long Lifetime

l

Topping up required

l

Low / Normal Maintenance

Electrolyte (filled in liquid) for Lead Acid Batteries is Sulphuric Acid (caustic)

Each cell has a nominal voltage of 2,0 VDC

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Vented Nickel Cadmium (Ni-Cd) Batteries

l

Long Lifetime

l

High Performance

l

Low / Normal Maintenance

The alkaline Electrolyte for Ni-Cd Batteries is a solution of Potassium Hydroxide

(KOH) and Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH) and is highly caustic

Each cell has a nominal voltage of 1,2 VDC

Cells must be connected in Series to achieve the required DC Level

The “storage space” is specified by the Specific

Capacity

Example: Capacity = 1000 Ah (Ampère Hours)

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+

Mains

Load

Short-circuit

Short-circuit in the DC-circuit in one unit has an influence in the DC-circuit of the second unit

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Short-circuit

+

Mains

Load

+

Mains

Load

Short-circuit in the DC-circuit in one unit has no influence in the DC-circuit of the second unit

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OPERATING STATUS

INDICATION OPERATION DISPLAY UNIT

ALARM INDICATION

OPTION

OPTION OPTION OPTION OVERTEMPERATURE

FAN FAILURE POWER SUPPLY FAULT OPTION BATTERY DISCONNECTED

BATTERY DISCHARGED BATTERY OPERATION

OPTION OPTION

DC OUT OF TOLERANCE RECT. FAILURE

RECT. MAINS FAULT BYPASS MAINS FAULT MANUAL BYPASS ON EN INHIBITED EA INHIBITED ASYNCHRONOUS

INVERTER FUSE BLOWN OVERLOAD INV/BYPASS INVERTER FAULT

SYSTEM ON

OFF

LAMP

TEST 0

MAINS CURRENT

4

BATTERY VOLTAGE 8

OUTPUT VOLTAGE 9

BATTERY CURRENT 5

OUTPUT CURRENT

6

OUTPUT FREQ. 3

normal operation load power 50%

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Maintenance Item :

AC UPS

PM LIST

(per Bulan) (per 6 Bulan) T/A

Visual Check

Temperatur Ruangan √ √ √

fan in operation √ √ √

Mode Operation √ √ √

Alarm di panel √ √ √

Mechanical Check

Visual check capasitor √

Check for over heating component √

Fuses √

Functional Condition Rectifier √

Input Voltage AC √ √ √

Input current AC √ √ √

Ripple voltage measurement √ √ Ripple Current measurement √ √

Functional Condition Inverter

Output voltage AC

- Actual √ √ √

-Set (new adjusted) √

Output current AC

- Actual √ √ √

-Set (new adjusted) √

Inverter input current √ √ √ Inverter frequency

- Syncronous bypass √

- Natural frequency √

By pass mains voltage AC √ √ √ By pass mains current AC √ √ √

Bypass frequency √ √ √

Functional Test

Synchronous change over UPS-mains-UPS √ √

Battery operation √

Autostart rectifier √

Bypass mains failure √ √

Redudancy operation √ √

Alam Test

Lamp test √ √ √

Battery

Cek SG √ √ √

Measure the battery voltage √ √ √

Electrolit Level √ √ √

Cleanness of the battery √ √ √

Schedule

DC UPS

PM LIST

(per Bulan) (per 6 Bulan) T/A Visual Check

Temperatur Ruangan √ √ √

fan in operation √ √ √

Mode Operation √ √ √

Alarm di panel √ √ √

Mechanical Check

Visual check capasitor √

Check for over heating component √

Fuses √

Functional Condition Rectifier

Input Voltage AC √ √ √

Input current AC √ √ √

Ripple voltage measurement √ √

Ripple Current measurement √ √

Output Voltage DC √ √ √

Output current DC √ √ √

Alam Test

Lamp test √ √ √

Battery

Cek SG √ √ √

Measure the battery voltage √ √ √

Electrolit Level √ √ √

Cleanness of the battery √ √ √

Tightening terminal battery √ √ √