Sustainable Solutions for Vegetable Diseases:
Research and Development Activities in Indonesia
A four-year project was implemented in Indonesia with various vegetable disease management research and development activities, focusing on grafting, neutralized phosphorous acid solution (NPA), rain shelters, the bio-agent Trichoderma harzianum, and host-plant resistance. This project, conducted during March 2011 – February 2015, was funded by USAID.
Chili pepper lines Disease resistance or tolerance
AVPP1102-B, AVPP0513, AVPP0719, AVPP0207, AVPP1004-B
High fruit yield and tolerance to anthracnose
AVPP0207, Kencana Resistance to geminivirus and anthracnose, but fruit type does not match local preference
AVPP1003–B and AVPP1004–B Resistance to geminivirus
Tomato lines Disease resistance or tolerance
AVTO1139, Ratna, Hawaii 7996, Permata, AVTO0301,
AVTO1109, AVTO1010, AVTO1122, AVTO1133
Resistance to bacterial wilt
AVTO0922, AVTO1139, AVTO1010, AVTO1173, AVTO1173
Resistance to geminivirus
Gregory C. Luther, Putu Sudiarta, Made S. Utama, Alit Susanta Wirya, Rakhmat Sutarya, Kuntoro Boga Andri, Ketut Kariada, Evy Latifah, Eli Korlina, Ketut Sumiartha, Arief L. Hakim, Engkus Kuswara, Donald Tambunan, Victor Afari-Sefa, Wallace Chen, Jaw-Fen Wang, Li-Ju Lin, Joko Mariyono
INTRODUCTION
In a lowland field trial in East Java, AVRDC – The World Vegetable Center’s eggplant rootstocks effectively protected grafted tomato scions from bacterial wilt. While grafted tomato plants survived until harvest to produce yield, non-grafted plants died before fruiting.
METHODS
& RESULTS
• Grafting is being adopted by farmers and nursery operators; approximately 100 farmers in Bali planted grafted tomato in 2014.
• An independently-conducted outcome assessment indicated knowledge transfer through FFS was effective. Materials and knowledge disseminated through FFS were perceived by farmers to be useful, and have been implemented, at least partially, by a majority of FFS participants. FFS had a positive impact on the crop yield produced by FFS farmers compared to their counterfactual.
OUTCOMES & CONCLUSIONS
Farmer Field Schools (FFS) were conducted to train 3,280 farmers (35% women) on various tomato and chili production technologies drawn from the project’s adaptive research results. The project team produced extension publications in Indonesian on grafting and NPA. An off-season tomato trial in East Java showed rain shelters reduce the intensity of disease incidence and NPA reduces the severity of late blight. The combination of NPA and rain shelters showed greater effective protection against diseases in the rainy season.
To investigate and disseminate sustainable
solutions for tomato and chili pepper diseases.
OBJECTIVE
A field trial in Bali integrating grafting, NPA, rain shelters and Trichoderma harzianum was effective at reducing disease incidence on tomato; control plants had a
significantly higher disease incidence rate and those with all four technologies showed the lowest level of disease incidence and severity.
UDAYANA UNIVERSITY
In a highland field trial in Bali, NPA (a kind of biopesticide) controlled tomato late blight as effectively as chemical fungicides currently used by farmers. NPA costs less (and therefore has higher net returns) and has low toxicity to humans and the environment.
NPA Chemicalfungicides Late blightlesion
