THE ANALYSYS OF PINE REVENGES IN THE NIGHT MANAGER NOVEL.

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AN ANALYSYS OF PINE REVENGES

IN THE NIGHT MANAGER NOVEL

A THESIS

Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Degree of English Department Faculty of Letters and Humanities State Islamic University of Sunan

Ampel Surabaya

By:

Ahmad Hosik

Nim. A03211005

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF LETTERS AND HUMANITIES

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ABSTRACT

Hosik, Ahmad. The Analysis of Pine' Defense Mechanism in The Night Manager, English Department, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, State islamic University Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

Advisor: Abu Fanani, SS, M.Pd

This thesis tries to analyze The Night Manager novel by John Le Carre uses psychoanalysis and new criticism theory in the character and

characterization. This novel tells about Jonathan Pine who does revenge to Roper, when he gets his girlfriend was killed by Roper, he fells anxiety and guilty

because he lets his girlfriend death and cannot protect her, and because of it he does revenge to redeem his guilt to Sophie

The method uses descriptive qualitative, especially in library research. Firstly, the writer reads the night manager novel as the main data in this research in order to find the main problem. Secondly, the writer selects the data that related with the topic. Thirdly, the writer applies psychoanalysis, motive and especially defense mechanism theory proposed by Sigmund Freud. Finally, the writer draws the conclusion.

The analysis of data leads to the conclusion that through this story, From the result of the analysis, it was found that Pine revenge of girlfriend to Roper in order to Roper can feels his injure. He wants Roper redeem his wrong that was killed Sophie, he wants that Roper also injures, breaks even his suffers from a lost

beloved person. Beside that when can see about the Pine’s personality like loyal,

lover, vengeance and betray in the story through the author’s description and Pine’s speech and action.

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INTISARI

Hosik, Ahmad. The Analysis of Pine' Defense Mechanism in The Night Manager, English Department, Faculty of Letters and Humanities, State islamic University Sunan Ampel Surabaya

Dosen Pembimbing: Abu Fanani, SS, M.Pd

Skripsi ini berusaha menganalisa sebuah novel yang berjudul The Night Manager yang ditulis oleh John Le Carre dengan menggunakan teory psikoanalisis dan kritik dalam karakter dan karakterisasi. Novel ini bercerita tentang mantan tentara bayaran yang bernama Jonathan. Skripsi ini berfokus kepada analisa tokoh Pine yang membalaskan dendamnya pada Roper, ketika pacarnya dibunuh oleh Roper, saat itu dia mengalami kecemasan karena dia merasa bersalah telah membiarkan pacarnya mati, oleh karena itu dia melakukan balas dendam pada Roper karena dia ingin menebus kesalahannya pada pacarnya Sophie.

Metode yang digunakan dalam skripsi ini adalah deskriptif qualitatif, khususnya dalam penelitian pustaka. Pertama, penulis membaca novel The Night Manager sebagai sumber data yang utama. Kedua, penulis menyeleksi data yang berhubungan dengan data yang akan dibahas. Ketiga, penulis mengaplikasikan teori psikoanalisa dan motive khususnya teori tentang mekanisme pertahanan yang diusulkan oleh Sigmund Freud. Yang terakhir penulis membuat kesimpulan.

Dari analisis data tersebut memberikan kesimpulan bahwa Pine balas dendam pada Roper karena dia ingin Roper juga terluka dan dia ingin Roper menebus kesalahannya yang telah membunuh Sophie.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Inside Cover Page ... i

Advisor’s Approval Page ... ii

Examiner’s Approval Page ... iii

Declaration Page ... iv

Motto ... v

Acknowledgement ... vii

Table of Contents ... ix

Abstract ... xi

Intisari ... xii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1.1Background of Study ... 1

1.2Statement of Problem ... 5

1.3Object of the Study ... 6

1.4Significance of the Study ... 6

1.5Scope and Limitation ... 6

1.6Method of Study ... 7

1.7Definition of Key Terms ... 7

CHAPTER 2 REVIEW OF RELATED STUDY 2.1. Theoritical Framework ... 9

2.1.1. Psychology of Literature ... 9

2.1.1.1. Psychoanalysis theory ... 10

2.1.1.2. New Criticism theory ... 17

2.1.1.3. Character and Characterization ... 19

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CHAPTER III ANALYSIS

3.1. Pine does revenge through id, ego, super ego ... 22

3.1.1. In dealing with id ... 23

3.1.2. In dealing with ego ... 27

3.1.3. In dealing with Super Ego ... 32

3.2. Pine’s Character ... 34

3.2.1. Major Character ... 34

3.2.2. Dynamic Character ... 35

3.3. Pine Characterization ... 36

3.3.1. The author’s description ... 36

3.3.2. Pine’ speech and action ... 41

CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION 4.1 Conclusion ... 44

WORKS CITED ... 46

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CHAPTER I

Introduction

1.1. Background of study

There are definitions of literature; some people defines that literature as belonging to real life meaning that literature has a strong connection to people’s life in reality (Abrams 226). Whereas, some other people also defines that

literature as simply belonging to the author’s imagination which has nothing to do with reality (Abrams 229). I prefer the former, namely, literature has connection to reality. Accordingly, there are two things become characteristic of good literature, that is, the reflection of real life and value

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a specific social status; he receives some degree of social recognition and reward; he addresses an audience, however hypothetical (Wellek, Warren 94).

In his sociology of literature, Darmono states that literature presents a picture of life which is a reality in society in that it involves relations among society, relation between society and personalities, relation among people, and among events in human’s feeling (J Feist 01).

Instead of the afore said explanation of the literature and real life, a good literature always talk of something valuable meaning that it gives us further understanding of life. It talks of something well-said. Little states that one quality of all good literature is that it says something worth saying. Good literature adds to our understanding of life in the world around us. It embodies thought and feeling in matters of human importance (Rathus 02). Something worth saying means that literature has value, and by value the writer means that literature contains science, one of which is psychology. Psychology is unique science of human mind and behavior; it can help to more our understanding and appreciation of literature and ourselves (Gillespie 43).

Jatman states that literature and psychologies are closely related by indirect and functional. In indirect, literature and psychology have same object, that is, human life. In functional both of them learn about psyche of human (Endraswara 97).

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because they believe that incident of the character is within the literature based on the real life (Milner 19).

Psychology and literature have strong connection in analyzing of human inquiry. Psychologists use psychological perception to analyze the character of literature, and then they use literature to help their research into human behavior (Gillespie 52). Though, imaginatively presented, the characters of the fiction can be analyze through psychology (Minderop 55).

Psychology of literature is study about the mirror of psychological character that showing by the author until the reader can identify the character in the literary works (Minderop 55). A psychology deal with the study of observable patterns of human’s behavior. Whereas, Literature exhibits how human beings

behave in dealing with their problems and environment. (Rose 1). The statement above implies that literature and psychology are closely related because literature is the delineation from psychological process of the character based on the psychological activity of the author in real life.

Further, psychology of literature has key position in literary comprehension; firstly, we can inspect the problem fictional characters

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enhancing our understanding and appreciation of literature-and our self (Gillespie 45).

One of the literary works that contains of psychological problem is in The Night Manager by John Le Carre which was written as memorial in his friend in Cairo. John le Carre was born in 1931 in Poole, Dorset, and was educated at Sherborne School, at the University of Berne (where he studied German literature for a year) and at Lincoln College, Oxford, where he graduated with a first-class honors degree in modern languages. He taught at Eton from 1956 to 1958 and was a member of the British Foreign Service from 1959 to 1964, serving first as Second Secretary in the British Embassy in Bonn and subsequently as Political Consul in Hamburg. He started writing novels in 1961, and since then has published twenty-one titles. His novels include The Little Drummer Girl, A Perfect Spy, The Russia House, Our Game, The Tailor of Panama, The Night Manager and Single & Single (Le Carre 475)

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he wants to join in his plan. So, he joins Burr organization in order to vengeance. Then he can join in the mafia because is Burr Friend’s Rex Godhew and Corkoran undercover in the mafia organization. After that Pine does revenges to Roper as Sophie’s killer though Roper was helped him and makes him becomes a

friendship.

1.2. Statement of problem

In connection to the background of study, the research is formulated as follows:

1.2.1. How is Pine in the novel characterized? 1.2.2. How Pine does revenge?

1.3. Objective of Study

Dealing with statement of problem, objective of study are formulated as follows:

1.3.1. To demonstrate the characterization of Pine 1.3.2. To uncover how pine does revenge

1.4. Significant of Study

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about personality theory is one of the psychological aspects which is the writer’s interest.

1.5. Scope and Limitation

The scope in this research discusses about Jonathan Pine that the main character on The Night Manager written by John Le Carre, Jonathan Pine who experiences a revenges of life. Besides that, the limitation focuses on Jonathan Pine as character and his revenges. In other words, this research will take more discussion about revenges studied through psychological criticism.

1.6. Method of Study

A method utilized in this research to support the analysis is descriptive qualitative method which tries to describe and uncover the data related to statement of problems in details through some processes of describing

phenomena, classifying it, and seeing how the concepts interconnect (Dey 31). The data taken from The Night Manager by John Le Carre is based on library research which supplies a number of valid data such as books, e-books, and online resources. Furthermore, the process of analysis is presented as follows:

1.Reading and understanding the whole of novel entitled The Night Manager by John Le Carre.

2.Making reading comprehension about the theories especially for psychoanalysis new criticism theory used in this research to give correctness of the analysis.

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4.Classifying the data based on objectives of the study and analyzing them one by one.

5.Giving the conclusion from the result of analysis.

1.7. Definition of Key Term

1.7.1 Anxiety It is an unpleasant inner state that people seek to avoid. Anxiety acts as a signal to the ego that

things are not going right (Thompson 1)

1.7.2 Revenges the force used must be exercised by the victim or a close family member, to punish another for his actions against the victim (STEVEN

EISENSTAT 5)

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CHAPTER III

ANALYSIS

In this chapter the writer answers how Pine does revenge and characterized by applying the two chosen theories; psychoanalysis theory and new criticism theory in the character and characterization. But, previously the writer want explains the problem that has been faced by Pine in the novel until he does

revenge. In the novel Pine faces the problem when he finds that the girl friend as a Sophie was murdered in her penthouses, when he faces it, he feels anxiety,

because he lets his girl friend death and he feels guilt about it, so, he does revenge to redeem his guilt. According to Freud anxiety is an unpleasant inner state that people seek to avoid (Thompson 1). Freud identifies anxiety to be three types;

Neurotic anxiety is the unconscious worry that we will lose control of the id's

urges, resulting in punishment for inappropriate behavior. Reality anxiety is fear

of real-world events. Moral anxiety involves a fear of violating our own moral

principles (Thompson 1). Based on the text above Pine gets neurotic anxiety after

Sophie’s death, and then he will revenges Sophie’s death to the murderer, in order

to the murderer can feels his harm.

3.1. Pine does revenge through psychoanalysis theory (id, ego, super ego).

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example: if someone is born only with Id, they will behave as they like, and always their parents and other people to fulfill all their needs and desires (Minderop 21).

3.1.1 In dealing with Id

Firstly, Pine wishes to own Sophie. When he meets Sophie in the sixth month ago, he feels and aware that Sophie is a beautiful and interesting woman, because of it Pine wishes to own Sophie.

“For the sixth month time, Pine felt the devastating, irrational impact of a woman he instantaneously desired. Sophie had a jeweled brilliance and a kind of dressed nakedness, two string of splendid pearls set off her neck, diamond bracelets peeked from her quilted sleeves.”(Le Carre 18).

From quotation above Pine wishes to Sophie because she is beautiful, interesting, and rich woman, he knows about it from Sophie’s aware at the time.

Then, Pine’s id appears and makes him wishes to own Sophie.

Yet, Sophie was married with British man, and his name is Freddy, he is very wealthy, therefore Sophie looks beautiful and interesting woman from her aware.

“I am Madame Sophie from penthouse number three, I too am British and I was married one of your countrymen for his passport. His name is Freddie, and he is very wealthy.”(Le Carre 127).

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passport. Besides that, because of her husband wealth she can make some jewelry in order to, she looks interesting than other women. .

Secondly, he wishes to live with Sophie. When he date with Sophie, he always look like a good man, with make Sophie feels happy and pleasure, because he want to live with Sophie together, he thinks, when he lives with Sophie he will gets all of his desire. Besides that, Sophie is not only interest woman but also rich woman. So, in point of fact, he loves Sophie and become a good man in other to own Sophie’s wealth.

“I love you, I wish you to sleep with me in my bed and we are making love, I wish to fell that, I cannot have you so ashamed, because you are a good man, you are many good man” Sophie said (Le Carre 78).

“He would find the one girl he cared about and love her present time, A Sophie without betrayal. He would buy a boat, something he could manage single handed. He would find a home. And, for want parent his own, become a parent himself. He would do anything, absolutely anything, rather than cringe any longer in the gloom of servile equivocation where, as it now seemed to him, he had wasted his life, and Sophie’s.”(Le Carre 47).

From quotation above we can know that Sophie loves Pine because she thinks that he is a good man, beside it Pine wishes to own Sophie because he feels that his true love is Sophie, and he want to develop his love with live together.

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Roper well. Even, Sophie becomes Roper’s woman in the night. At last Sophie betrays her husband because she want gets freedom from Roper’s worse.

“But tonight is not to normal way, tonight is Roper’s night, it is Sophie’s night, and Sophie in some bizarre way is played for us tonight by Roper’s woman.” (Le Carre 25) Then, she said Roper’s is the worst men in the world” (Le Carre 19).

”Sophie’s give some personal document to Pine for copy it, then, he laid the original document in one pile, the photocopies in another.” (Le Carre 13)

“Where are the papers that I entrusted to your care?”in the safe, in their envelope, the safe is used by several members of the staff, mostly for storing cash until it goes to the bank. So far I know, the envelope is still sealed.” (Le Carre 27).

From quotation above Sophie give some Roper’s document to Pine and he

always safe the document with sealed the envelope in the bank.

At last Pine wishes to revenge Sophie’s death, when he finds Sophie was

killed in her penthouse, he feels that his dream with Sophie is break.

“The blood is everywhere, reeking like old iron. On the walls, on the ceiling and divan, She lies in the white roof garden, with her head on her outstretched arm, a counterpane draped across her low body, and over the upper part the remnants of a blouse” (Le Carre 41).

“The good times he had when he had wrought upon his personality, the good women. There were none. Times, women, lesson. None, None, but Sophie, who was dead. Look at himself how he might, he saw nothing but half measures, failures and undignified with drawls, and Sophie was the monument to all of them” (Le Carre 47).

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Then, Pine becomes a vengeance and he revenge Sophie’s death with join in Burr’s intelligent soldier, and he become intelligent and spy to join and

undercover in Roper’s organization, and kills Roper. He knows that Roper is Sophie’s killer from Burr, and Burr can help him to revenge his woman.

“You can go back twenty years, I don’t care, you’ll not find Roper’s name. All right I hate him, I’ll admit it. So should you, after what he did Sophie.” Burr said

“hate like desire, seemed a lowly thing until the idea of hate, dignified by Sophie’s murder-of hate turned perhaps to revenge-began to appeal to Pine. It was like a promise of a distant great love, and Burr had appointed himself its connecter.”(Le Carre 73).

“I want to volunteer in this job because my beloved woman was killed by Roper’s and friend, and I felt to responsible it. Although, they nearly killed me, I still nearly kill them, and I will kill them, I lost my temper.” (Le Carre 299).

From quotation above, Pine’s hate develop becomes revenge because Burr incites him, and Burr requires him to join in his organization if Pine want revenge to the killer.

In this case, Pine does a revenge with some process such as; join with Burr’s intelligent soldier, becomes other personality, and revenge to Roper with

betrays him and take his wife and son. And the writer will explain of Pine’s process in the Ego.

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example: the greedy person also try to fill his desire, he does anything to it, although it is worse. So, his desire is Id and his action to fill his desire is Ego ( Minderop 22).

3.1.2 In dealing with Ego

Firstly, Pine loves Sophie, and prevents her to return her husband. When Pine loves Sophie, he always loves her, brings her to pleasure place, and they are make love here.

“Why are you bringing me to here? Asked Sophie”

“In other to anyone cannot unsettle our self and inseparable our love” said Pine

“I loved you. I loved you with your smashed face as we walked at arm’s length the temples of Karnak” said Pine (Le Carre 37)

“I love you, I wish you to sleep with me in my bed and we are making love, I wish to fell that, I cannot have you so ashamed, because you are a good

man, you are many good man” said Sophie (Le Carre 78).

From quotation above Pine always brings her to pleasure place, for proves that he very loves her, and Sophie also too, even Sophie respects him because she thinks that Pine is good man or many good man of the world.

Besides that, Pine also saves Sophie from hatred her husband, because he know that Sophie is killed if she’sreturn to her husband, Pine cannot prevent her, because Sophie have a promise with her husband and bounded with her promise.

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“We both have our appointments with life, Mr. Pine,” she had told him with her battered smile. “There are worse indignities, for Arab woman, than being beaten by her lover. Freddie is very wealthy. He has made me certain practical promise. I have considered my old age.” (Le Carre 127)

“He knew he could no more send her away than stop Sophie from going

back to Cairo to faces Hamid. Something was badly folded, so she folded it better, something was lost, and she found a partner for it.” (Le Carre 300).

From quotation above we can see that Sophie’s promise stronger with Pine’s ego in loves her, because Sophie still return to his husband although she

knows that she will gets punishment because she betrays. And Pine cannot prevent her, at the time Pine becomes a vengeance when he gets Sophie was killed, he fells crestfallen to Sophie because she not hears him, and he feels that Sophie betrays him. But, beside that he still loves her and his love make him responsible of Sophie’s dead and makes him become a vengeance.

Secondly, Pine joins in Burr’s soldier, and becomes intelligent officer, and he tries sharpen his ability until becomes spy. In his duty, Pine makesRoper captivity, because Roper never touches with law. So, Burr uses Pine to nails him, beside that, Pine also can revenges to Roper.

“The recruitment of Jonathan Pine, former undercover soldier, by Leonard Burr, former intelligent officer, was conceived by Burr, immediately after Pine presented himself to Wing Commandeer Quayle.”(Le Carrre 49).

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From quotation above Pine join with Burr soldier for train himself in order to he can nails Roper because all this time Burr cannot touch and nails Roper, because he have guard that always protect him. So, Burr uses Pine for it and also Pine can revenges to him.

Thirdly, pine becomes other personality for undercover and looks information about Roper’s live, he always moves from one place to other place, even he rescues Roper’s son for kidnaper, and he was injured until Roper helps him.

“Pine arrived at Mrs. Trethewey’s post office store on a black Friday, calling himself Linden, a name he had picket out of the air when Burr invited him to suggest one. He had never met a Linden in his life, unless he was unconsciously recalling something on his German mother side, a song or poem she had recited to him on her seemingly eternal deathbed.”((Le Carre 94).

From quotation above, Pine becomes Linden from Lanyon, he changes his personality for looks information about Roper. Then, he becomes again to other personality, by suggestion of Rooke, in other to he gets information about Roper easily.

“alone in an immense unfamiliar content, Pine was assailed by a different kind of deprivation, his resolve seemed suddenly to drain into the brilliant thinness of the landscape, so is Jed and so am I, I am dead and this is my afterlife

“your best bet is the Chateau Babette,(Jacques Beauregard)” Rooke had said.“it’s big and sloppy, and it’s run by a harridan who can’t keep staff. It’s where you’d naturally hole out”.

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“Pine made out the queenly form of Madame Latulipe, the proprietress, standing behind the desk in a mauve turban and cake makeup. She had tilted her head back in order to quiz him and she was playing to her all-male audience.

“Jacques Beauregard,” he replied “Comment, cheri?”

He had to repeat it above the din: “Beauregard,” he called, unused to raising his voice. But somehow the name came easier to him than Linden”.(Le Carre 133).

From quotation above Pine becomes Jacques Beauregard because of Rooke’s suggestion; in order to he can communicate with other people in his

around beside it he can look the information about Roper easily.

Then, he becomes Lamont, when he rescuesRoper’s son from kidnapers, he fights them, until he injures, but he can beat down them and save Roper’s son his named is Daniel. Then he gets intensive care at Nassau’s Doctors Hospital.

“Jonathan Pine, alias Lamont, last heard of in intensive care at Nassau’s Doctors Hospital, not a whisper from any of them”. (Le Carre 193).

From quotation above when Pine becomes Lamont, he tries to save Roper’s son because he want input to Roper’s live, so, when he gets info that Roper’s son was kidnapped, he fights them and saves Roper’s son although he

gets many injure and undergoes intensive care.

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and Roper gives him, at last he get news passport, then his name becomes Thomas Lamont from Canada.

“I’d pay you. I don’t care what you have done, you saved my kid, no limit to my bounty where the boys concerned” Roper said.

“I didn’t o it for money, you have patched me up, looked after me, been good to me, I’ll just go” Pine said

“Hell are you talking about? Roper complained, mystified. I’ll pay you, not mean, pay you top whack, nice little house, other side of the island, What are you going to use for a passport”.

“Mine,” said Pine, “Lamont”, Thomas Lamont,” He appealed to Corkoran,” It was among my things” (Le Carre 251).

“You are J. Pine of Meister’s, and T. Lamont of Canada, and J. Beauregard, you were Jack Linden of remotes Cornwall. In which capacity, you topped a mate of yours,” (Le Carre 251).

From quotation above Pine gets new identity from Roper because he was rescued Roper’s son and he pushes Roper’s money, because he rescues Roper’s

son with voluntary.

At last Pine becomes a part of Roper’s family. He lives withRoper’s activity; he helps Roper, to teach his son, and helps Roper’s activity in his

employment. And they are becomes friend, but, suddenly this friendship becomes break, because Pine betrays him, with take him son and wife. Because, Pine revenges to Roper, he wants Roper can feels his injure when Sophie’s killed by him.

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“Pine had planned his forbidden assault on the state apart men’s as soon as he learned that Roper he decided to sell some more farms and that Langbourne would be accompanying him,” (Le Carre 281)

“The friendship between Pine and Roper that, as Jonathan now realized,”(Le Carre 321).

“Your people kidnapped my boy, you lied your way into my house, stole my woman. You tried to screw up my deal, you are died.”

“So it’s punishment to you, not just confession, though Pine.”. (Le Carre 459).

From quotation he revenge a Sophie’s death to Roper as Sophie’s killer although Roper was helped him, believed him until becomes to be Roper’s

Friendship.

Super Ego is a part of Id and Ego; it is like heartstrings, which always judge something true or false. It’s also judge Id and Ego does goodness or

badness, although according to Id and Ego’s action is true, whereas is false, Super Ego judge that their action is false, like conversely. For example: Ego’s person want to steal in other to he can eat, but his Id want steal to fulfill his desire, because without steal he cannot live, then his Super Ego appears and shows that steal is worse. (Minderop 23).

3.1.3 In dealing with Super Ego

According to Super Ego that Pine’s action in the night manager novel is

worse, because he does anything to fill his desire and his desire such us; firstly, he’s wishes to own Sophie and makes love with her, whereas, he knows that he

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but he still making love with her, until Sophie is killed. Secondly, he revenges to the killer; he does anything on his revenge, such as join with intelligent soldier, change his identity and personality, undercover becomes mafia, and etc, until he can fulfill his revenge to the killer. And last, he betrays Roper that was helped him, he betrays him, because Roper’s kill his woman, as long as he

sanctimonious, and also pretends becomes Roper’s friendship, until he gets opportunity to fulfill his revenge with betrays him in other that Roper feels injure like his injure, when suffer from a loss beloved person in life.

From this quotation above, based on Super Ego, Pine revenges the killer, although it is worse Pine still do it, because he fells a pleasure when he can revenge to the murderer, and his heart becomes calm when he was finished his revenge to the murderer.

In conclusion, from the above explanation Pine does revenge through id, ego and super ego; id: wishes to own Sophie, wishes to live together with her, and revenges a Sophie’s death. Ego: makes Sophie always happiness, join in Burr

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loss desire when Sophie’s dead in order that his live becomes quiet, although the

killer was helped him he still revenges the killer.

3.2. Character

A character is one of important part in the story because character can help to grasp the story well Characters in fiction can be conveniently classified as major and minor, static and dynamic. A major characteris an important figure at the center of the story’s action or theme (Di Yanni 54)

3.2.1. Major Character

In The Night Manager Pine is considered as the main character in the story because his influence is very big toward the whole story. In other word, she contributes completely from the beginning up to the end of the story. We can see in the following quotation about Pine’s influence in the story

“Pine is teaching Daniel to catch a trout with his bare hands (Le Carre 274).

From quotation above, we can see that the author of the novel is showing Pine have big influence in the whole of the story until the story look interesting for read by people.

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Dynamic character is exhibits some kind of change of attitude, of purpose, and of behavior as the story progresses (55). In the story Pine also become

dynamic character when undercover for looks some information about the killer. We can see in the following quotation:

“Pine arrived at Mrs. Trethewey’s post office store on a black Friday, calling himself Linden, a name he had picket out of the air when Burr invited him to suggest one (Le Carre 94).

“You are J. Pine of Meister’s, and T. Lamont of Canada, and J. Beauregard, you were Jack Linden of remotes Cornwall. In which capacity, you topped a mate of yours,” (Le Carre 251).

From quotation above Pine become dynamic character for looks some information about the killer, when he arrives in Mrs. Trethewey Post he become Jack Linden from Germany, he become Jack Beuregard when he try to safe Roper’s son from the kidnapers, he become Thomas Lamont when he join in

Roper’s organization and employee. He does it because he looks some

information about Roper’s activity and then when he gets opportunity to revenges,

he revenges to Roper with take Roper’s family. We can see in the following

quotation

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3.3. Characterization

In presenting and determining the character’s personality in the story,

generally the authors use two methods in their works; the first is telling method it means that the explanation about character personality is dependent on the description or direct comment from the author (Minderop 79), the second is showing method it means the author not gives direct comment in the story, the author give opportunity to characters for showing their personality through dialog and action (Minderop 80). In the following analysis the writer want explains about Pine’s characterization through the author’s description and Pine’s dialog and

action.

3.3.1. The author’s description about Pine

Firstly, the author describe Pine such as good man because he always make his beloved a pleasure, happy and etc, however, in other hand he does it because he want regain his beloved wealth when he can life together with his beloved.

“For the sixth month time, Pine felt the devastating, irrational impact of a woman he instantaneously desired. Sophie had a jeweled brilliance and a kind of dressed nakedness, two string of splendid pearls set off her neck, diamond bracelets peeked from her quilted sleeves (Le Carre 18). “Why are you bringing me to here? Asked Sophie”

“In other to anyone cannot unsettle our self and inseparable our love” said Pine (Le Carre 37)

“I love you, I wish you to sleep with me in my bed and we are making love, I wish to fell that, I cannot have you so ashamed, because you are a good

man, you are many good man” Sophie said(Le Carre 78).

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own, become a parent himself. He would do anything, absolutely anything, rather than cringe any longer in the gloom of servile equivocation where, as it now seemed to him, he had wasted his life, and Sophie’s.”(Le Carre 80).

From quotation above we can see how Pine makes his beloved as Sophie always happy and pleasure with him until Sophie revere and regard him like good man, whereas he does all it because he wishes to own Sophie and her wealth.

Secondly, Pine also becomes a loyal man because he always protect Sophie though Sophie was married, even he prevent her to return her husband because he know that her will be killed and he want not it happens.

“Don’t go,” he had begged her on the plane. “Leave him, he’ll kill you, don’t take the risk,” he had begged her as he saw her in to the cab that would take her back to her apartment, and Freddie Hamid.

“We both have our appointments with life, Mr. Pine,” she had told him with her battered smile. “There are worse indignities, for Arab woman, than being beaten by her lover. Freddie is very wealthy. He has made me certain practical promise. I have considered my old age.” (Le Carre 127)

From quotation above Pine very loves Sophie though Sophie was married, he also protect and prevent her to return her husband in order to he want not loss Sophie, but Sophie still return by husband.

Thirdly, Pine is a vengeance man when he finds Sophie was killed in her penthouse he very angers to the killer, whereas, he only Sophie’s paramour but his

loves make him fells responsible about it and he becomes vengeance man.

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outstretched arm, a counterpane draped across her low body, and over the upper part the remnants of a blouse” (Le Carre 41).

“You can go back twenty years, I don’t care,you’ll not find Roper’s name. All right I hate him, I’ll admit it. So should you, after what he did Sophie.” Burr said

“hate like desire, seemed a lowly thing until the idea of hate, dignified by Sophie’s murder-of hate turned perhaps to revenge-began to appeal to Pine. It was like a promise of a distant great love, and Burr had appointed himself its connecter.”(Le Carre 73).

“I want to volunteer in this job because my beloved woman was killed by Roper’s and friend, and I felt to responsible it. Although, they nearly killed me, I still nearly kill them, and I will kill them, I lost my temper.” (Le Carre 299).

From quotation above Pine becomes a vengeance man because he feels lost Sophie when she was death, though he only Sophie’s paramour but his love make him fells responsible and does revenge to the killer though he possible to death.

Fourthly, Pine is betray man when he meets Sophie, for talking about photocopier Roper’s document in the Queen Nefertiti Hotel, we can see in the

following quotation

“But in his imagination it is himself that Jonathan sees, laboring over the photocopier in the Queen Nefertiti Hotel while Sophie smokes and watches him: You are adept, she says, Yes, I am adept, I spy, I betray, I love when it is too late” Pine said (Le Carre 38).

From quotation above the author showing Pine’s character is a betray man.

In conclusion, from the author’s description we can see about Pine’s character

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3.3.2. Pine’s speech and action

In the next section, the author describe that Pine is orphaned man. He is multi talent and ambitious. He always reaches what he wants and never gives up for what he wants till he gets it.

“Jonathan Pine, orphaned only son of a cancer ridden German beauty and British sergeant of infantry killed in one of wars, sometime, he becomes cadet unit, an training camp”(Le Carre 33).

From quotation above, when Pine becomes orphan, he does something to fulfill his desirability.

Pine is dogged man, he never gives up satisfying and completing of his life, we can see in the following quotation

“Jonathan Pine doggedly congratulated himself on the satisfying

completeness of his life till now, the early ugliness’s he had left behind” (Le Carre 32)

Pine is woman lovers because he always deceives Sophie, when they are date, he always praises Sophie until her fells pleasure and thinks him is a good man.

“Why are you bringing me to here? Asked Sophie”

“In other to anyone cannot unsettle our self and inseparable our love” said Pine

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From quotation above Pine shows himself to Sophie that he loves her with bring her to pleasure place, he always praise and deceive her when he date.

Pine becomes vengeance when Sophie’s death, he feels responsible of

Sophie’s death and he does anything to revenge the killer, though he’s possible

death.

“I want to volunteer in this job because my beloved woman was killed by Roper’s and friend, and I felt to responsible it. Although, they nearly killed me, I still nearly kill them, and I will kill them, I lost my temper.”Said Pine (Le Carre 299).

From quotation above pine volunteer takes danger job in order to he does revenge Sophie’s death to the killer though he’s possible death with it.

In his revenge Pine, Pine join Burr’s organization in order to he also can

join in Roper organization and does revenge to Roper.

From quotation above Pine he become intelligent in Burr organization in order he also can undercover and join in Roper’s organization and revenges to Roper.

Beside that, Pine also change his personality when join in Roper

organization, he pretends safe Roper’s son from kidnapers and becomes Roper’s

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“I’d pay you. I don’t care what you have done, you saved my kid, no limit to my bounty where the boys concerned” Roper said.

“I didn’t o it for money, you have patched me up, looked after me, been good to me, I’ll just go” Pine said

“Hell are you talking about? Roper complained, mystified. I’ll pay you, not mean, pay you top whack, nice little house, other side of the island, What are you going to use for a passport”.

“Mine,” said Pine, “Lamont”, Thomas Lamont,” He appealed to Corkoran,” It was among my things” (Le Carre 251).

“You are J. Pine of Meister’s, and T. Lamont of Canada, and J. Beauregard, you were Jack Linden of remotes Cornwall. In which capacity, you topped a mate of yours,” (Le Carre 251).

From quotation above Roper fells moral duty to Pine that was safe his son, he bids anything to Pine, but Pine refuse it, he only wants get new identity for his passport, and he gets some new identity when he join with Roper.

Besides, when Pine changes his personality, he feels has found his real personality because of that, he become adept spy.

“to complete me, Jonathan rehearsed to himself. to find missing path of me to make man of me, which was my father said the army did: one man. To be useful and to stand up right. To rid my conscience of it bourdon (Le Carre 126).

From quotation above Pine finds a satisfaction when he change his personality when he does it he feels like real man. And he feels happy about it.

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From quotation above though Roper was regarded Pine is friend, but Pine still revenges to Roper with betrays him and takes Roper’s family, because Pine

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CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSION

From the result of the analysis, it was found that Pine revenge of girl friend to Roper in order to Roper can feels his injure. He wants Roper redeem his wrong that was killed Sophie, he want that Roper also injures, breaks even his suffers from a lost beloved person. Beside that when can see about the Pine’s personality like loyal, lover, vengeance and betray in the story through the

author’s description and Pine’s speech and action.

Pine is someone who is doggedly, that loves rich woman and person’s

wife as Sophie, he always makes love with Sophie, though Sophie is Freddie’s

wife, even he want lives together with her, because he thinks that Sophie is interesting woman, and she can understands about him, then especially he can fulfill his desire with Sophie’s wealth. Therefore, he feels very injured when

Sophie’s killed by Roper, and he want to revenge Sophie’s death to Roper because

Burr’s influence. So, he does revenge to Roper in order to he get a freedom from

responsibility of Sophie’s dead.

Through Sigmund Freud’s id, ego, and superego, it is find that the cause of

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