THE IMPACT OF BIO-ENERGY USE
A. ENERGY SUSTAINABILITY
1. Continuous supply of materials/renewable energy;
2. Energy source diversification;
3. Lessen the use of fossil energy.
4. Lessen the dependability to imported fuel;
5. Protect the sustainability of national energy reserve.
B. ECONOMIC IMPACT
1. Creation of local industries;
2. Development of downstream agriculture sector;
3. Positive impact on balance of trade by reducing fuel import;
4. Increase of product value added;
5. Increase of internal investment;
6. Creation of new employment and business development.
C. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT
1. Decrease of green house gas (GHG) emission;
2. Decrease of non-GHG air pollution;
3. Increase of environment sanitation because it can be produced from wastes;
4. Easy to break down (Biodegradable);
4
Impact of the Increase of Bio Diesel to Fuel Import
The realization of Bio Diesel to August 2013 is 0,5 million KL
With the increase of bio diesel content from 7,5% to 10%, it is predicted that
the Sep-Dec 2013 realization for PSO fuel will be 0,56 million KL (Java, Bali,
Sumatera, and Kalimantan)
In 2014, the bio diesel content of 10% will already be practiced to
transportation PSO and Non PSO fuel all over Indonesia
PT PLN will use 20% mix of bio diesel for their power plant starting from
January 2014
Jenis Volume Campuran Saving impor Campuran Saving impor
Sektor Juta KL Per September Sep-Des 2013 Per Januari 2014
2013 (Triliun Rp) 2014 (Triliun Rp)
Transportasi PSO (APBNP 2013) 16,0 10% 4,59 10% 13,12
Transportasi Non PSO/Industri 12,0 3-5% 1,64 10% 9,84
Pembangkit listrik 6,3 7,5% 1,29 20% 10,33
Total 34,3 7,52 33,29
Asumsi
ICP $103/barel Kurs Rp10000/USD
Currently, Mandatory Realization of
BIO DIESEL Use is very low...
Source: Kemen ESDM
*) Realisasi sampai dengan Agustus 2013
775,9 1.076,1 1.297,0 1.641,0 2.017,0 119,3 223,0 358,8 669,4 504,7 15,4% 20,7% 27,7% 40,8% 25,0% 0,0% 20,0% 40,0% 60,0% 80,0% - 500,0 1.000,0 1.500,0 2.000,0 2.500,0 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013* Ribu KL Mandatory (ribu kl) Konsumsi Biodiesel (ribu kl) % Realiasasi
6
Indonesian Biomass Potential
Sumber: Poyry, 2009
Biomass Utilization in SE Asia
The source is in abundance but the
POTENTIAL OF OIL PALM WASTE POWER PLANT
9 25 POMs 980 ton FFB/Hour 92 POMs 3815 ton FFB/Hour 26 POMs 1645 ton FFB/Hour 140 POMs 6660 ton FFB/Hour 1 POMs 40 ton FFB/Hour 42 POMs 2245 ton FFB/Hour 19 POMs 990 ton FFB/Hour 10 POMs 375 ton FFB/Hour 1 POMs 30 ton FFB/Hour 1 POMs 60 ton FFB/Hour 65 POMs 5475 ton FFB/Hour 43 POMs 3100 ton FFB/Hour 15 POMs 770 ton FFB/Hour 29 POMs 1545 ton FFB/Hour 6 POMs 260 ton FFB/Hour 7 POMs 590 ton FFB/Hour 3 POMs 260 ton FFB/Hour 2 POMs 150 ton FFB/Hour 3 POMs 140 TPH 4 POMs 360 ton FFB/Hour 16 POMs 1235 ton FFB/Hour 58 POMs 3555 ton FFB/HourSource : BPS (Badan Pusat Statistik) Indonesia and Ministry of Agriculture 2009
Potency of Biomass, Biogas, and City Waste
Power Plant Development
2012 2013-2014 2015 - 2020
Kondisiexisting:
On Grid 75,5 MWe Off Grid ± 1,547MWe
In Project progress On Grid ± 148 MWe ±1,622 MWe ±1,770 MWe
PotensiOptimasiPabrikGula (dariBagas): Excess Power (On Grid)±275MWe PotensiOptimasiPabrikKelapaSawit: Excess Power (On Grid) ±4,126MWe (daribiomassapadatdan biogas) PotensiTeknisLimbahSekamPadi: On Grid/Off Grid ±3,175MWe
PotensiTeknisLimbahTongkol Jagung: On Grid/Off Grid ±585MWe
PotensiTeknis Sampah PadatPerkotaan (MSW): On Grid/Off Grid ±1,872MWe
Data source:
- Existing condition (PLN,2013) - Pipeline project to 2014 (PLN 2013) -Potensi TeknisL imbah Sampah Perkotaan,
Potensi Optimasi PabrikGula, Pabrik Kelapa Sawit, Limbah Sekam padi ,Potensi Teknis Limbah Tongkol Jagung (EBTKE, 2012)
• Installed capacities of “on-grid” Biomass, Biogas, &
City Waste Power Plant to 2012 : 75,5 MW
• Installed capacities plan of “on-grid” Biomass, Biogas,
& City Waste Power Plant to 2013 : 58,2 MW
• Installed capacities plan of “on-grid” Biomass, Biogas,
& City Waste Power Plant to 2014 : 90 MW
STATUS OF INSTALLED CAPACITIES OF “ON-GRID”
BIOMASS, BIOGAS, & CITY WASTE POWER PLANT
No Company Name COD Contract Type Location PLN Region Biomass Type Contract Capacity (MW)
1 PT Riau Prima Energy 2001 Excess power Riau PLN Wilayah Riau palm waste 5 2 PT Listrindo Kencana 2006 IPP Bangka PLN Wilayah Bangka Palm waste 5 3 PT Growth Sumatra 2006 Excess power Sumatera Utara PLN Wilayah Sumut Palm waste 6 4 PT Indah Kiat Pulp &
Paper
2006 Excess power Riau PLN Wilayah Riau palm waste 2 7 PT Belitung Energy 2010 IPP Belitung PLN Wilayah Babel Palm waste 7 8 PT Growth Sumatra 2010 Excess power Sumatera Utara PLN Wilayah Sumut Palm waste 9 9 PT Pelita Agung 2010 Excess power Riau PLN Wilayah Riau Palm waste 5 10 Permata Hijau Sawit 2010 Excess power Riau PLN Wilayah Riau Palm waste 2
11 PT Navigat Organic 2011 IPP Bali PLN Dist Bali MSW 2
12 PT Navigat Organic 2011 IPP Bekasi PLN Dist Jabar MSW 6
13 PT Growth Asia 2011 Excess power Sumatera Utara PLN Wilayah Sumut Palm waste 10 14 PT Growth Asia 2012 Excess power Sumatera Utara PLN Wilayah Sumut Palm waste 10
15 PT Navigat Organic 2012 IPP Bekasi PLN Dist Jabar MSW 6,5
TOTAL CAPACITY OF “ONGRID”
75,5
INSTALLED CAPACITIES OF
“on-grid”
BIOMASS, BIOGAS, & CITY WASTE
POWER PLANT TO 2012
No Developer Name COD Contract
Type Location Contract PPA Biomass Type Capacity Status
1 Navigat Organic 2013 IPP Bantar Gebang, Bekasi
PLN Dist Jabar MSW (sampah) 2
Konstruksi 2 Growth Steel Group 2013 Excess power Simalungun, Sumut PLN Wilayah Sumut Palm waste ( limbah sawit) 10 Konstruksi 3 Growth Steel Group 2013 Excess power Jambi PLN Wilayah Sumsel Palm waste 10 Konstruksi 4 Growth Steel Group 2013 Excess power
Bekasi PLN DisJabar rice husk 10
Konstruksi 5 Growth Steel Group 2013 Excess power Pontianak PLN Wilayah Kalbar Palm waste 10 Konstruksi 6 PT Nubika Jaya 2013 Excess
power
Sumatera Utara PLN Wilayah Sumut
Palm waste 6
Konstruksi 7 PT. Austindo
Aufwind
2013 IPP Belitung PLN Babel POME 1,2
Konstruksi 8 PT. Bioenergi Hijau 2013 IPP Probolinggo Kotoran Sapi 1 Konstruksi 9 PT. Canang Indah 2013 Excess
power Medan PLN Wilayah Sumut Palm waste 3 Konstruksi 10 PT Victorindo 2013 Excess power
Sumatera Utara PLN Wilayah Sumut
Palm waste 5 PPA dengan PLN Wilayah
Sumut
TOTAL CAPACITY of “On Grid” 58,2
DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF
“on-grid”
BIOMASS, BIOGAS, & CITY WASTE
POWER PLANT IN 2013
No Developer
Name COD
Contract
Type Location Contract PPA
Biomass
Type Capacity Status
1 PTPN 5 2014 Excess power
Riau PLN Wil Riau POME 8 PPA dan Administrasi 2 Growth Steel
Group
2014 Excess power
Pekan Baru Unit 1 PLN Wil Riau Palm waste 10 PPA dan Administrasi 3 Growth Steel
Group
2014 Excess power
Palembang unit 1 PLN Wil Sumsel Jambi Bengkulu
Palm waste 10 PPA dan Administrasi 4 Growth Steel
Group
2014 Excess power
Simalungun, Sumut PLN Wilayah Sumut Palm waste 10 PPA dan Administrasi 5 Growth Steel Group 2014 Excess power Jambi PLN Wilayah Sumsel
Palm waste 10 PPA dan Administrasi 6 Growth Steel
Group
2014 Excess power
Bekasi PLN DisJabar rice husk 10 PPA dan Administrasi 7 Growth Steel
Group
2014 Excess power
Pontianak PLN Wilayah Kalbar Palm waste 10 PPA dan Administrasi 8 PT.Maluku Biomass 2014 IPP Maluku Maluku dan
Maluku Utara
wood chip 2
Proposal 9 PT. Global Green
Lestari
2014 IPP Bengkulu PLN Wil Sumsel Jambi Bengkulu
Palm waste 6 PPA dan Administrasi 10 Private 2014 IPP Gorontalo PLN Wilayah
Gorontalo
Corn Cob 10
Proposal 11 Private 2014 IPP Sumut PLN Sumut Biogas POME 1 PPA dan
Administrasi 12 Green Energy
Specialist
2014 IPP Aceh, Langsa PLN Wilayah Aceh Biogass POME 3
Planning
TOTAL CAPACITY of on Grid 90
FEED-IN TARIFF/ELECTRICITY TARIFF FROM BIOENERGY POWER PLANT
(Regulation of Minister of ESDM No. 4 Year 2012 Regulation of Minister of
ESDM No. 19 Year 2013)
No. Energy Capacity Price Description Middle Voltage
1. Biomass s.d.10 MW Rp. 975,- / kWh X F
2. Biogas s.d.10 MW Rp. 975,- / kWh X F Non City Waste
3. City Waste s.d.10 MW Rp. 1.450,- / kWh Zero waste *)
4. City Waste s.d.10 MW Rp. 1.250,- / kWh Sanitary Landfill *)
Low Voltage
1 Biomass s.d.10 MW Rp. 1.325,- / kWh X F
2 Biogas s.d.10 MW Rp. 1.325,- / kWh X F Non City Waste
3 City Waste s.d.10 MW Rp. 1.798,- / kWh Zero waste *)
4 City Waste s.d.10 MW Rp. 1.598,- / kWh Sanitary Landfill *)
Incentive Factor (F):
Wilayah Jawa, Bali, Sumatera : F = 1 Wilayah Kalimantan, Sulawesi , NTB dan NTT : F = 1,2 Wilayah Maluku dan Papua : F = 1,3
BIODIESEL (Minimum)
Sektor September 2013 Januari 2014 Januari 2015 Januari 2016 Januari 2020 Januari 2025
Transportasi, PSO 10% 10% 10% 20% 20% 25%
Transportasi, Non PSO 3% 10% 10% 20% 20% 25%
Industri 5% 10% 10% 20% 20% 25%
Pembangkit Listrik 7,5% 20% 25% 30% 30% 30%
BIOETANOL (Minimum)
Sektor September 2013 Januari 2014 Januari 2015 Januari 2016 Januari 2020 Januari 2025
Transportasi, PSO - 0,5% 1% 2% 5% 20%
Transportasi, Non PSO 1% 1% 2% 5% 10% 20%
Industri - 1% 2% 5% 10% 20%
Pembangkit Listrik - - - -
MINYAK NABATI MURNI (Minimum)
Sektor September 2013 Januari 2014 Januari 2015 Januari 2016 Januari 2020 Januari 2025 Industri dan Transportasi (Low and Medium Speed Engine) Industri 1% 5% 10% 20% 20% 20% Transportasi Laut - 5% 10% 20% 20% 20% Transportasi Udara - - - 2% 3% 5% Pembangkit Listrik 1% 6% 15% 20% 20% 20%
