politics meets policies MY

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Programmatic

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Politics Meets Policies

The Emergence of Programmatic

Political Parties

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Copyright

c 2016 International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance

c 2016 Netherlands Institute for Multiparty Democracy

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The International Institute for Democracy and Electoral

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EkdifiHa&;ESifhay:vpD EkdifiHa&;ygwDawG&JU Programmatic qkdif&mta&;ygrI tay:ar;jref;xm; wJhar;cGef;awG[m NyD;cJhwJhq,fpkESpfrSm International IDEA vkyfaqmifcJhwJht vkyfawG&JUtcsuftcsmjzpfcJhygw,f/ 2004 eJY 2007 ckESpftwGif; Interna-tional IDEA [m awmiftar&dueJY tar&dutv,fykdif;? taemufeJY ta&SU tmz&du? tv,feJY ta&SUOa&my? awmiftm&Sa'oawGu EkdifiH 50 eJY ygwD 300 avmuf&JU ygwDwGif;tpDtpOfawG&JU tquftpyfeJY yHkrSefjyKvkyfwJhrl abmifawGudkppfwrf;aumuf,lwJh urÇmvHk;qkdif&mokawoevkyfief;wpfckudk pwifcJhygw,f/ >cif;csufawGtrsm;BuD;&dSaeayrJhvnf; tJ'Dokawoevkyfief;uae a'otm;vHk;u EkdifiHa&;ygwDawGtMum;rSm edrfhyg;wJhtifpwDusL;&Sif;jyKrIeJY rl0g'tpDtpOfwusrJqG,fwJhvkyfief;pOfawG tm;enf;aerIudkawGU&dScJh&ygw,f/ International IDEA taeeJY zGHUNzdK;rItydkif;u EkdiffiHa&;ygwDawG&JU tcef;u@tay: pepfusewJhod&dSrIawGqufvufvkyfaqmifaeygw,f/ De-mocracies in Development(2006, with the Inter-American Development

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International IDEA

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EkdifiHa&;ESifhay:vpD International IDEA taeeJY 'DEdIif;,SOfavhvmrIpmtkyfudk jzpfay: vmapwJh taumif;qHk;BudK;pm;rIawGjyKvkyfay;cJholawGjzpfwJh jzpf&yfavhvmrI pma&;olawGjzpfwJh Adi Dasgupta, Daniel Epstein, Kiril Kolev, Daniel Kselman, Sandra Osterkatz, Oleh Protsyk, Matthew Singer and Yi-ting

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2010 ckESpf? Ekd0ifbmvvkd tapmqHk;tcsdefrSm tDauGa'gEkdifiHa&;

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AAM Aam Aadmi Party (India)

AKP Justice and Development Party (Turkey)

BJP Bharatiya Janata Party (India)

BSP Bahujan Samaj Party (India)

DALP Democratic Accountability and Linkage Project

DPP Democratic Progressive Party (Taiwan)

EOI export-oriented industrialization

EU European Union

GDP gross domestic product

IDEA Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance

ISI import-substituting industrialization

KMT Kuomintang (Taiwan)

MP member of parliament

NGO non-governmental organization

PAN Partido Acción Nacional [National Action Party] (Mexico)

PF Patriotic Front (Zambia)

PPP purchasing power parity

PRD Democratic Revolutionary Party (Mexico)

PT Partido dos Trabalhadores [Workers’ Party] (Brazil)

PSDB Partido da Social Democracia Brasileira [Brazilian Social

Democratic Party]

RPG responsible party government

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EkdifiHa&;orm;awGeJY 'Dta&;udpö&JU'Drkdua&pDtultnDay;a&;yHhydk;ol awGu International IDEA udk Herbert Kitschelt eJY Nic Cheeseman wkdYOD; aqmifwJhtoif;udk Programmatic ygwDeJY ygwDpepfawGzGHUNzdK;wkd; wufa&;eJY ywfoufvkdY oifcef;pmawGyg0ifwJh oauFwjzpfwJhjzpf&yfawGudk avhvmqef;ppf wJhae&mrSm wm0efay;zkdYwdkufwGef;cJhMuw,f/ ygvDrefqkdif&m&efyHk aiGawG[m 2011 ckESpfrSm 0g&Sifwef'DpDrSm&dSwJh National Democratic Institute ?2013 ckESpf ZGefrSm qpf*fwlemrSm&dSwJh the Swedish International Cooperation Agency and the Swedish International Liberal Centre wkdY? 2013 ckESpf atmufwkdbmrSm Hague rSm&dSwJh Netherlands Institute for Multiparty Democracy eJY 2013 ckESpf Ekd0ifbmrSm vef'efrSm&dSwJh the Overseas Deve lopment Institute wkdYupkpnf;xm;wJh trsdK;rsdK;aom y&dowftpkta0;awG qDudk wifjyjcif;cHcJh&w,f/

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Programmatic

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Programmatic

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1 Luna et al. ‘Desk Review on Political Parties’ (Stockholm, International IDEA, 2011) available at <http://www.idea.int/ development/upload/Luna_Desk-Review_Full.pdf> accessed on 17 March 2014.

2 Unabridged versions of the whole research project are available on <http://www.idea.int>.

3 The data set and codebook can be found at <https://web.duke.edu/ democracy/data.html>.

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