PAUSES, OVERLAPS, AND BACKCHANNELS
IN “
MORNING ACTION”
PROGRAM ON 104.4 IMELDA FM
RADIO SEMARANG
A THESIS
by
Yulia Kurnianingrum
Student Number: 03.80.0017
ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME
FACULTY OF LETTERS
PAUSES, OVERLAPS, AND BACKCHANNELS
IN “
MORNING ACTION”
PROGRAM ON 104.4 IMELDA FM
RADIO SEMARANG
A Thesis Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to Obtain the Sarjana Sastra Degree in the English Letters Study Programme
by
Yulia Kurnianingrum
Student Number: 03.80.0017
ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAMME
FACULTY OF LETTERS
SOEGIJAPRANATA CATHOLIC UNIVERSITY
SEMARANG
A THESIS ON
PAUSES, OVERLAPS, AND BACKCHANNELS
IN “
MORNING ACTION”
PROGRAM ON 104.4 IMELDA FM
RADIO SEMARANG
by:
Yulia Kurnianingrum Student Number: 03.80.0017
Approved by,
Angelika Riyandari, SS., MA February 15, 2008
Major Sponsor
Heny Hartono, SS., M. Pd February 15, 2008
A thesis defended in front of the Board of Examiners on February 15, 2008 and declared acceptable
BOARD OF EXAMINERS
Chairperson : Emilia Ninik Aydawati, SP. M Hum ………. Secretary : Angelika Riyandari, SS., MA ………. Member : Heny Hartono, SS., M.Pd ……….
Semarang, February 15, 2008 Faculty of Letters
Soegijapranata Catholic University Dean,
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
In finishing this thesis, I faced many difficulties that made me down and doubtful of how this thesis would come to an end. However, with supports and guidance from many people, I managed to comprehend with those difficulties and able to finish this thesis.
First of all, I would like to thank and praise my awesome God ALLAH Swt; my savior and my friend, truly friend, for the greatest love and for guiding me to finish this thesis. You always give me strength and hopes.
To my lovely family: My Mom, My Pap, and My brother (be nice and be good), thank you for your attention, patience, support and prayers. I love you so much…! In addition, thank you for my big families in Blora and Madiun.
To my major sponsor, Angelika Riyandari, SS., MA and my co - major
Heny Hartono, SS., M.Pd, thank you so much for both of you who never run out of new idea for my thesis. Thank you for helping me and giving me support to finish my thesis, and also for your time and for being patient in correcting this thesis.
To all of my friends in Faculty of Letters Soegijapranata Catholic University’03. My best friend Sisca, friendship never dies ….. (I will miss you Buncis), Rizka who always accompanied me at library, Marina, and Pristy. Ladies, thank you for our togetherness. My lovely friend Anca and Reza, they always remind me of what happen in Semarang ….thanks for your love, your patience, your sacrifice and supports so that I can do something positive. Thanks a lot guys!
To all teachers and staffs in CLT who allow me to work there. It really gives me a lot of experiences. Pak Mindar (Hello Sir!), Liman Seto, Mr.&Mrs. Fattah, Mas Budi and my boarding house (thanks for 4 years).
To my K 6789 ZE, thanks for the ride, wherever I go in rain and heat, you always accompany me. We still have a lot of works to do. Let’s do it all together!!!
Last but not least, thanks for all people and friends that I can not mention one by one. I hope this research will be useful for further research and give many advantages.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 3.1 Data Collection ... 16
3.1.1 Participants ... 17
3.1.2 Instruments ... 17
3.1.3 Procedure ... 18
3.2 Data Analysis ... 19
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION 4.1 The Occurrences of Pauses, Overlaps and Backchannels in “Morning Action” Program ... 21
4.2.1 Pauses ... 25 4.2.2 Overlaps ... 33 4.2.3 Backchannels ... 37 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
ABSTRACT
Language is a communication tool to convey a message. When people communicate, conversational signals: such as pauses, overlaps and backchannels
can appear unconsciously. It does not only occur when someone communicates face to face, but it can also occur on telephone conversation. Hence, the writer conducted this research to find out the conversational signals which occur more often in radio conversation. This conversation happened among two broadcasters and some callers in “Morning Action" program on 104.4 Imelda Fm Radio Semarang. Besides, this research also tried to find out when pauses, overlaps and backchannels happened during the program.
This research is a qualitative research and to support this research, the data were collected by recording the program during five days. After the data obtained, the writer calculated the frequency of each occurrence, then made the frequency into percentage and analyzed it. Through this way, it is expected that the use of
pauses, overlaps and backchannels by the broadcasters and callers can be portrayed clearly. In collecting the data, the writer used some instruments, such as cassette, tape recorder, and transcription.
The result of this research show that during five days in this program,
ABSTRAK
Bahasa adalah alat komunikasi untuk menyampaikan suatu pesan. Ketika seseorang melakukan komunikasi, tanpa disadari dalam suatu percakapan muncul beberapa tanda-tanda antara lain: pauses, overlaps dan backchannels. Hal ini tidak hanya terjadi ketika seseorang berbicara melalui tatap muka langsung, tetapi juga melalui telefon. Maka dari itu penulis melakukan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tanda-tanda tersebut yang sering muncul dalam suatu percakapan di radio. Percakapan ini terjadi antara dua orang penyiar radio dan beberapa penelfon dalam program “Morning Action” di 104.4 radio Imelda Fm Semarang. Selain itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menemukan kapan pauses, overlaps dan
backchannels terjadi dalam program tersebut.
Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian kualitatif dan untuk mendukung penelitian ini, data diambil dengan merekam program tersebut selama lima hari saat variety show berlangsung, setelah data dikumpulkan, penulis menghitung frekuensi setiap kemunculan dari pauses, overlaps dan backchannels, lalu membuat prosentase kemunculannya dan menganalisa. Dengan cara ini, diharapkan penggunaan pauses, overlaps dan backchannels dapat digambarkan secara jelas.Dalam mengumpulkan data, penulis menggunakan alat seperti kaset, tape recorder, dan transkripsi.
